Pipeline supports. Sliding support for pipelines

When laying the means of moving liquids and gases, the most important element of their installation are the suspension and support of pipelines, which are steel structures. Their main goal is the perception of the weight loads that are created by the pipeline system. Spring blocks, suspensions, supports are part of pipelines of various purposes, namely: utilities utilities, gas and oil pipelines, technological pipelines of thermal power plants, industrial enterprises and nuclear power plants.

Suspension and support of pipelines are metal constructions of various types and ways of fastening to pipes, by means of which fixation or provision of unimpeded movement on a base platform is made.

Classification by method of use

1. Movable supports are fixed on the pipeline, while they are not fixed on the support platform, ensuring free movement of the pipes along its own axis.
2. Sliding supports are considered a kind of mobile supports. They allow the movement of pipelines in the transverse and longitudinal direction.
3. Fixed pipe supports - rigidly fixed to the pipe and themselves are welded to the support area.
4. Suspension brackets are constructions by means of which pipelines are fixed to beams, slabs, ceiling structures, etc. They are classified as movable elements.

Features

As a rule, pipe supports are made of metal. Their installation should be carried out only by professionals, since incorrect installation leads to accidents: these elements have a big load not only from the pipes themselves, but also from liquids circulating over them.

Fastening can be carried out by various technologies: by means of welding equipment, with the help of clamps. The type of metal for supports is selected depending on its characteristics. The main thing is that he can withstand a high load. The distance between the pillars of the pipelines is calculated depending on the type, speed and pressure of the transported material, the diameter of the pipes and the technology of installation of the structure.

Fixed supports

These structures are used for the organization of aboveground and underground systems. Between the supports are special compensators, which are designed to reduce the negative external factors: various kinds of vibrations, changes in internal origin, unstable temperature conditions.

In addition, the pipe supports play the role of a heat insulator. Most often, such structures occur in the northern regions of Russia, where there are significant seasonal and diurnal temperature fluctuations. As the fixed supports look, you can understand from the photo presented below.

Sliding support for pipelines

These designs differ from stationary supports in that they are capable of taking on vertical loads. In this case, they do not affect the wear of the pipelines. In the process of displacement of pipelines, characteristic for temperature differences, mobile supports do not increase their stability.

Varieties

Mobile supports are divided into ball, spring, clamp, sliding and many others. The latter two types are used for systems deformed under the influence of temperature fluctuations.

Spring elements are necessary to protect systems from vibration. When turning the pipelines, ball structures are used, as they ensure their free movement. Suspended products are used for fixing horizontal structures.

Classification

In addition, these elements for pipelines are classified according to the installation technology and design features:

• Case clamp products. It can be either movable or immovable pipeline supports. They are subdivided into elements with a clamp of flat and round type. The first is used only for steel structures. Supports with a round clamp can be used for both steel and pre-insulated pipelines. Also to this type of products include tow rods, which differ in the presence of stiffeners.
• Enclosure welded support. It is quite simple to install, besides it has a low cost. Used for steel structures. This can be a fixed or sliding support for pipelines.
• Shielded. Such products are required to secure vertical sections. They are mounted by welding. Most often they are installed where there is a need to pass through a wall. They are referred to as stationary supports.
• Elements of abrupt bends. This support is installed under the bend of the pipeline. Maybe mobile, and still. Also used as fastening equipment.
• Open-frame. In general, these are standard clamps. These are fixed and movable pipeline supports. The latter provide free movement of structures, while the former are connected to the base by welding. Such products are often called clamp slides.

Installation of sliding supports

The distance between these structures is calculated individually for a particular pipeline, it depends on the diameter and type of pipelines used. For example, pipelines for heating networks or hot water supply, where pipes in PPU insulation are used, require a smaller distance between mobile supports than for cold water systems. In the design process, the type and construction of the supports, the location of each product installation is determined, for which the strength calculation is carried out.

Movable products are mounted directly on pipelines, before dragging into cases, thus avoiding damage to their factory insulating layer. Between the metal construction of cases and supports is laid in a single layer of rolled non-core material, the rubbing surfaces are applied a lubricant, for example, graphite.

After the installation of the mobile supports is completed, welding of the clamps and their coupler for the reduction of the pipes is carried out. Then, in the places of damage to the factory layer of insulation and welding, paint is produced to protect it from the effects of the external environment.