Palms for fans: home care, photo

The whole group of genera from Palm family belongs to the fan category. This classification is associated with a specific form of leaves, the plate of which is divided into many parts that are segments of a single whole. All of them depart from the very center and are distributed in the form of rays.

Many representatives are widely cultivated in the room under the common name "palm trees fan". Let's consider in more detail the most popular, and also features of care of them.

Liviston

In nature are common in Asia, Africa, Australia and Oceania, where they reach a height of up to 25 m. The diameter of the leaves is also quite impressive - 0.6-1 m, they are dense and leathery, the glossy surface is dark green, sometimes with a gray hue, Form in the form of a fan, and petioles often with teeth. In room culture the most common are Liviston southerly, round-leaved and Chinese. This fan palm (photo above) requires bright, but diffuse lighting, a small number of direct sun rays are permissible. The ideal location - the eastern and western windows, and periodically to evenly grow it you need to rotate around its axis. The most favorable room temperature for a palm tree is from 16 to 20 ° C, with a decrease in winter to 16 ° C.

Livistons prefer moist air and copious watering in the summer, the drying of the earth coma is unacceptable. Use warm, stagnant water. After 2-3 hours after watering the excess, drain from the pallet. In indoor conditions, the plant grows to 1.5-2 m, giving annually 2-3 new leaves. Transplant the fan palm of adult age is 5 years after planting, young - every year. Preferably neutral or slightly acidic soil with a good drainage layer. Probably reproduction by lateral processes.

Washington

The genus of fan palms, which includes only two kinds: Washingtontonia is thready and strong. Characterized by rapid growth in a subtropical climate, can withstand a short-term cooling to -12 ° C. Cirrus leaves in nature reach up to 1.5 m in diameter, and the trunk itself is up to 30 m high. It is used for ornamental greening of streets in the southern states of the USA (California, Florida). In the room conditions, the size of the plant is more modest.

Care of a palm tree

Washington is a fan palm, caring for which will not cause much trouble. She is photophilous, she prefers east and west windows. For the summer, you can take it out on a balcony or terrace, because the plant does not like the stagnation of air. Palma prefers moderate temperatures - 20-25 ° C in the summer and 10-12 ° C during the winter dormancy. Humidity is important, but not critical. With regular spraying and washing with water, the leaves develop better.

Watering in summer is abundant in combination with fertilizing with mineral fertilizers (every 2 weeks from March to September). Washington is sensitive to transplantation, so it is not recommended to disturb the plant once again. Young specimens are replaced with pots every 1-2 years, and adults - if necessary (the appearance of roots from the drainage holes) by transshipment. Reproduction only by seed method.

Rapis

This palm fan is native to the East - common in Japan and China. Rapids are bush-shaped plants without a clearly expressed trunk, in contrast to the two previous species. Leaves are fan-shaped, deeply dissected into 5-10 segments. In indoor floriculture, two types are common: a rare and high. The plants need a temperature between 20-22 ° C in summer and 10-16 ° C in winter.

The plant is sensitive to the dry city air in the apartments, therefore it is required constantly in the warm season to spray it and wipe the leaves with a damp sponge. Watered with soft and settled water during the vegetation period is abundant, at cool temperatures with great care, so as not to provoke the disease.

The soils of the rape (palm trees fan) prefer slightly acidic or neutral, with the addition of peat and sand. The root system is superficial, so the transplant is only needed as needed. Once a year, in large specimens, it is sufficient to replace the topsoil. Simply enough, the plant multiplies by dividing rhizomes, seeds germinate for a long time (up to 3 months).

Trachycarpus

A few genus of plants, including only nine species. Its representatives are long-lived and in the natural environment grow for 150 years. In indoor culture, the most common trachicarpus is Fortune, as well as the tall Martius. This cold-resistant palm trees, fan leaves reach in nature up to 1 m in length. In the room prefer a bright place, but without direct sunlight, shading is permissible. The most favorable temperature regime: in summer - 18-25 ° C, in winter - 6-12 ° C.

It is recommended to take the plant out into the open air during the warm season. Watering with soft water; Abundant in summer and temperate in winter (after drying up by half an earthy coma). Transplant by transshipment only after the entire pot is completely filled with roots. To the soil trachycarpus is not sensitive and grows equally well in the range from 5.6 to 7.5 pH. The main requirement is the presence of a drainage layer. Seed reproduction.

Hamerops

The genus of fan palms, represented in nature by only one species - hamerops squat. This multi-stemmed short tree with a fluffy crown of large leaves with petioles covered with spines. In natural conditions, reaches a height of 4-6 m. Uncomplicated palm (fan), care at home for her special difficulties will not cause.

In the conditions of the apartment, the chameropsu requires a temperature of 23-25 ° C in the summer (best to take out in the open air) and half the winter. Watering in the period of active growth is abundant (soft water) with periodic fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. Transplant only if necessary. Reproduction is not only seed, but also vegetative - from the root.

Sabal

Under this name is united a genus of high-barreled palm trees, which includes 16 species. Their appearance remotely resembles a hamerops. The leaves are fan-shaped, cut into segments almost to the very base on a long smooth petiole. Distributed in various areas: solonchak, desert soils, shorelines, savannahs, swamps, seashore.

They are appreciated for their excellent qualities of wood, which does not rot in water and is used as a building material. Fibers, extracted from leaves, are used to create coarse tissue, and young kidneys and leaves are used for food.

In our latitudes the plant is cultivated as a decorative deciduous plant. Primer for a palm tree is picked up by a neutral medium, with a good layer of drainage. The air temperature in summer is preferably 23-26 ° C, and in winter - not lower than 15 ° C. This is a fairly rare fan palm. Dry leaves on it from lack of food or overflow. Watering in the summer is plentiful, in the cold season - with caution.

The choice of palms cultivated at home is huge. You can find anything you like, any size and any wallet. However, for beginners we recommend starting with the most unpretentious species.