Pale treponema: symptoms, treatment

Unfortunately, a huge number of people around the world are getting infected every day with sexually transmitted diseases, and some ailments can pose a real threat to human life. In particular, we are talking about syphilis, the causative agent of which is pale treponema. It should be noted that the abovementioned disease belongs to the category of infectious diseases, and it proceeds systematically, affecting not only the integuments, but also the tissues of internal organs.

Dangerous bacteria

Pale treponema is a very thin, long and spiraling microorganism that has a high mobility. Previously, it had a different name: lyues.

Pale treponema refers to the class of anaerobes - for life it does not need oxygen. This bacterium can be found in nerve fibers, lymphatic and blood vessels, interstitial cracks and cells of internal organs.

"Destroyed" macrophages and leukocytes the virus in most cases remains viable and finally "killed" only with the help of antibiotics. In some cells of the immune system, pale treponema is a polymorphous phagosome, and after the leukocyte is destroyed, such envelopes can become extracellular.

The bacterium multiplies by transverse division, and this occurs every 30-32 hours.

Outside the body, a dangerous microbe is unstable and, with heat treatment (60-100 degrees Celsius), it dies.

Antibodies to the virus

It should be noted that, as a rule, it is possible to detect the causative agent of syphilis on mucous membranes. And the disease can be transmitted to others not only sexually. You can get infected and through household items: towels, dishes, personal hygiene items . Do not forget that the milk of an infected mother is also an environment in which a pathogen is present, that is, a child can also become infected with a venereal disease. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that if there is pale treponema in the blood, then the body is not able to develop immunity to syphilis, which means that any person can catch it repeatedly after treatment.

However, it should be noted that many people who became victims of the abovementioned disease produced antibodies to the syphilis virus: in the primary and secondary episodes, 88% and 76% of patients, respectively. The rest of the patients had no "protective" cells at all. In particular, IgG antibodies are not at all in those who have been treated for syphilis earlier. Nevertheless, it is erroneous to consider that the absence of "protective" cells is a sign of "non-invasive" treatment. Note that only in 20% of cases it is possible to identify antibodies to treponema at the latent stage of the disease.

Stages of

Of course, pale treponema represents a serious danger to health. Symptoms of infection can be different. Let's consider the issue in more detail.

The first stage

At the initial phase of the disease, a chancroid on the mucous membrane of the mouth, rectum or genital organ appears in the person.

The patient also has an increase in local lymph nodes. After 4-6 weeks after the appearance of the first signs, ulcers heal.

The second stage

In the central phase of the disease, a person develops a syphilitic rash on a body of symmetrical form. The patient is tormented by headaches, his body temperature rises, he feels unwell. In addition, all lymph nodes increase, in some cases, hair loss occurs, and genitalia produce wide condylomas.

Already at the first stage it is necessary to take measures to treat such a dangerous ailment as syphilis. Pale treponema, if it is not detected in time, can cause irreparable harm to health. As a rule, this happens in the third stage of the disease.

The third stage

The launched form of syphilis is characterized by the following: a nervous system, the brain and spinal cord, as well as internal organs, are affected.

Methods of treatment

Of course, at the initial stage, it is not always possible to recognize that a pale treponema has fallen into the human body.

Treatment in this case is reduced to zero. It would be a mistake to say that today we can not cure a complicated form of syphilis.

It should be borne in mind that the earlier a bacterium is detected, the less time it will take to restore health. The treatment of the disease at the initial stage takes an average of 2-3 months, if it is a neglected state, the rehabilitation of the organism can last 1.5-2 years.

Antibiotics

The first and effective means of destroying the bacterium that causes syphilis are antibiotics. And it is optimal to use penicillin drugs. Naturally, you should recommend a specific medicine to a doctor, since antibiotics differ in the degree of antibacterial action and duration of the effect. In some cases, the appointment of penicillin drugs is contraindicated due to individual intolerance. Then the doctor recommends antibiotics of alternative pharmacological classes: azithromycins, fluoroquinolones, streptomycins, macrolides, tetracyclines.

In addition, the patient is prescribed drugs that affect the strengthening of the body's immune system.

The fact that pale treponema has a unique ability to resist immune cells, but a high antibody titer to the bacteria does not allow it to exhibit excessive activity.

It is necessary to emphasize that during the period of treatment it is necessary to observe hygienic recommendations, in particular, one should refrain from intimacy. Otherwise, in the risk zone is your partner, who after a while can infect the person again.

To determine whether syphilis has been cured is not an easy task. The problem is that the external signs of this ailment can "evaporate" even if the disease is partially cured. The effectiveness of treatment methods can be judged by the results of serological reactions, which, it should be noted, can be both false-negative and false-positive.

Remember that syphilis is a social ailment, therefore, its treatment should be approached seriously and responsibly.