Organic and inorganic matter cells

A cell is called the elementary unit of the structure of living organisms. All living beings - whether people, animals, plants, fungi or bacteria - basically have a cage. In someone's body of these cells, many - hundreds of thousands of cells make up the body of mammals and reptiles, and in someone's little - many bacteria consist of just one cell. But the number of cells is not so important as their availability.

It has long been known that cells possess all the properties of the living: they breathe, feed, reproduce, adapt to new conditions, even die. And, like all living things, there are organic and inorganic substances in the cells.

Inorganic substances are much more, because inorganic substances - this is water and minerals. Of course, the largest part of the department called "inorganic substances of the cell" is allocated to water - it is 40-98% of the total cell volume.

Water in the cell performs many important functions: it provides the elasticity of the cell, the speed of the chemical reactions that take place in it, the movement of incoming substances through the cell, and their withdrawal. In addition, many substances dissolve in the water, it can participate in chemical reactions and it is on the water that it is responsible for the thermoregulation of the whole organism, since the water has a good thermal conductivity.

In addition to water, many inorganic substances divide into macroelements and trace elements enter into the inorganic substances of the cell.

The macroelements include such substances as iron, nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, calcium and many others.

Trace elements are, for the most part, heavy metals, such as boron, manganese, bromine, copper, molybdenum, iodine zinc.

Also in the body there are ultramicroelements, including gold, uranium, mercury, radium, selenium and others.

All the inorganic substances of the cell play their own, important role. Thus, nitrogen participates in a large number of compounds, both protein and non-protein, contributes to the formation of vitamins, amino acids, pigments.

Calcium is a potassium antagonist and serves as an adhesive for plant cells.

Molybdenum improves the resistance of plants against fungal parasites, contributes to the acceleration of protein synthesis.

Iron is involved in the respiration process, it is part of the hemoglobin molecules.

Copper is responsible for the formation of blood cells, heart health and good appetite.

Bohr is responsible for the growth process, especially for plants.

Potassium provides colloidal properties of the cytoplasm, the formation of proteins and the normal functioning of the heart.

Sodium also provides the right rhythm of heart activity.

Sulfur is involved in the formation of certain amino acids.

Phosphorus is involved in the formation of a huge number of essential compounds, such as nucleotides, certain enzymes, AMP, ATP, ADP.

And only the role of ultramicroelements is absolutely unknown.

But only the inorganic substances of the cell could not make it full and alive. Organic substances are as important as they are.

Organic substances include carbohydrates, lipids, enzymes, pigments, vitamins and hormones.

Carbohydrates are divided into monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. Mono- di- and polysaccharides are the main source of energy for the cell and the body, while the insoluble oligosaccharides stick together the connective tissue and protect the cells from adverse external effects.

Lipids are divided into actual fats and lipoids - fat-like substances that form oriented molecular layers.

Enzymes are catalysts that accelerate biochemical processes in the body. In addition, enzymes reduce the amount of energy consumed to give the reactivity to the molecule.

Vitamins are necessary for the regulation of the oxidation of amino acids and carbohydrates, as well as for full growth and development.

Hormones are needed to regulate the vital functions of the body.