Orchids from Vietnam: features of care. How to Plant an Orchid

Orchid - a tropical plant with beautiful, fragrant flowers of different shades and shapes. In nature, there are a huge number of varieties of this flower. Many are suitable for growing at home. About some of them read in the article.

General information about the flower

Orchids belong to the Orchid family, which number thirty thousand natural species and two hundred and fifty thousand hybrids. These are ancient plants, they appeared one hundred and thirty million years ago. In translation from Greek, an orchid means "testicle", apparently in the form of a rhizome.

People know three and a half thousand species of the Orchid subfamily. Among them there are tiny and multi-meter specimens with different shades of flowers and leaves. But they are united by one feature - the same structure: three sepals and three petals. Each plant has a column with stamens and pistils. Orchids are classified by ten types of growth, the flower growers are interesting two: monopodial and sympodial.

Orchids symposium

In plants of this species, the growth form is horizontal, as in a vine, with several growth points. When the shoot reaches a certain size, the kidney at the very top dies off or forms a new inflorescence. The growth of this shoot runs out in length, but a new one develops at the base. Subsequently, a lateral inflorescence is formed from the kidney located on it.

The stems of the sympodial orchids are strongly thickened, due to which they have turned into tubers, which are called bulbs, which have different shapes: rounded, elongated, spherical. Fabrics bulb filled with mucus. For a plant, they are reservoirs in which nutrients and water are retained, so that orchids are able to withstand a prolonged drought. Bulbous reproductions of orchids are simpodial. For home floriculture are suitable: Cattleya, Lelia, Oncidium, Miltonia, Cymbidium, Dendrobium.

Orchids monopodial

These plants do not have bulbs, so water and nutrients are preserved in fleshy leaves and juicy stems. The monopodial orchids of their Vietnam have one growth point and one stem that grows up endlessly. In nature, there are orchids that grow on a branch. During a strong wind they are torn off, they are hooked for some snag, and then straighten up again and grow evenly.

An example is the orchid Vanda. Differ from the sympodial absence of pseudobulb. This variety includes the following orchids: Wanda, Phalaenopsis and others.

Orchid from Vietnam: home care

In order to make the plant happy with luxurious and long flowering, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for it, and this is possible only with the organization of proper care.

• It is important to observe the lighting mode. Orchids need light, but not direct sunlight, from which leaves can get burned. That the plant normally develops, the light day should be twelve hours. During the winter period, additional lighting is required for the flower. For reference: if the leaves are dark green - lighting is not enough, if they have turned yellow - the lighting is in excess.
• For prolonged flowering, it is necessary to constantly monitor the temperature difference between day and night, it should be about four to five degrees.
• Care for the orchid provides for proper watering. Growing in the wild, the flower absorbs the necessary moisture from the environment. Therefore, moisture in the pot should not stagnate, but you can not allow the substrate to dry out. Optimum watering in summer - twice a week, in winter - one. Use warm water, preferably rainy or thawed. Orchid prefers top watering.
• In the room where the flower is contained, the optimum humidity must be sixty to eighty degrees. If it is below the required mark, the plant is placed on a pallet with bars, into which water is poured.
• It is necessary to feed orchids from Vietnam. Cultivation is possible only with the introduction of special fertilizers intended for this type of plant. Top dressing should be done twice a month during the flowering period. At the end of flowering and in winter the plant does not need it.

Orchid Cymbidium: multiplication by division

This flower belongs to the sympodial plants. The hybrid Cymbidiums obtained by the selection method are very popular. Some of them reach a height of seventy centimeters. Blossom in winter for several months. Flowers of medium size pastel shades. Peduncles erect, strong. Only adults grow by division. Often this process happens on its own. Orchids from Vietnam greatly expand in the spring, they need to be transplanted. Plants are removed from the pot and released from the soil.

How to plant an orchid? First, the shoot is cut into pieces between the bulbs with a disinfected knife. Each segment of the shoot should have up to three pseudo-bulbs with roots and leaves. To exclude rotting of roots, the cut places should be processed with crushed coal. Bulbs of orchids from Vietnam should not suffer from cutting.

Each part of the plant is planted in a separate container. Orchid Cymbidium reproduces and old bulbs without leaves, which should be separated during plant transplantation. There is a belief that Cymbidium has the ability to help people.

Orchid Dendrobium: Reproduction by Cuttings

This type of flower refers to monopodial plants. In this way, fast-growing orchids from Vietnam, including Dendrobium, multiply. Reproduction is carried out only by young shoots.

They are cut with a disinfected knife above the leaves. The height of the cuttings is twenty centimeters. Slices are treated with coal. Cuttings are dried, for what they put on a place blown by the wind exactly for a day. The planting material is ready for use.

Orchids from Vietnam prefer a light substratum, which must be poured in advance for swelling. To create high humidity, pots with plants should be placed in a mini-greenhouse. It is important to maintain a constant temperature in the room, twenty-five degrees. It takes four weeks to root the cuttings. If after this time new leaves and roots appear, cuttings are taken.

Orchid Phalaenopsis, reproduction by children

On the peduncles of this plant, many lateral shoots are formed, the children, which can be used for reproduction. When the shoot is formed on the orchid, the flower should be sprayed more often and waiting for the appearance of new roots. During this time, the escape will grow and grow stronger.

How to plant Phalaenopsis orchid? To do this, the shoot is cut and planted in a new pot. Separation of the shoot should be done with a disinfected knife, and the place of the cut to be processed. For new plants you need high humidity and high temperature.

To the note: sleeping buds are located on peduncles. For their awakening and the formation of side shoots (children), you can use a special paste, which is applied to the kidney at the end of flowering plants. But first the kidney should be cleaned of scales.