One-mandate constituency is ... Single-mandate electoral district

Not all go to the elections. The fact is that people do not particularly understand how exactly they pass. Systems are different, and the elections themselves too. Here they tell you that it is necessary to go and vote in a single-member district. What is that? This is the first thought of the majority of voters. What does this expression mean, and what do you do with it? Let's eliminate "political illiteracy".

Single-member constituency

To understand what it is about, there is nothing to invent. We appeal to the law (according to which the elections are held). It clearly states: a single-mandate district is a territory from which only one representative can be nominated to a collegial body. That is, candidates can be many, and only one will win. Such a district is formed under different electoral systems. Among them are indicated the majority, multi-party, proportional and direct delegation. It turns out that a single-mandate district is a fairly common concept. It can be found in various laws and acts that regulate the will of various groups of the population. The meaning of voting is reduced to the choice of one of many. The issues of district formation, their work and other nuances are determined by special acts. If we talk about elections to self-government bodies, then the relevant law.

How are the districts formed?

This work is entrusted to the Central Election Commission. It forms lists of single-member districts with certain conditions. All of them should have approximately the same number of voters. That is, each candidate to the body formed by this voting must have equal conditions with others. For example, when elections to the State Duma are held, then each single-mandate electoral district should unite a certain number of voters. This is necessary to create conditions for equal participation of citizens in the political life of the country. After all, their representative will express their opinion in the formed body. If this condition is not met, then we will get disproportionality of the voters' rights. For example, one deputy will defend the rights of hundreds of citizens, and another - thousands. It is clear that some people will feel strangled with rights. It turns out that a single-mandate district is a form of observance of justice during plebiscites. Deviation from the average number of voters is allowed. But it should not exceed ten percent, for hard-to-reach areas - fifteen.

Binding to administrative-territorial division

There are some other conditions that are observed when forming districts. They can not unite citizens living in various subjects of the Russian Federation. That is, each of them has its own districts. In this case, the first condition for an equal number of voters must be observed. An exception are the territories separated from the subject itself, so to say, the enclaves. In addition, such a district is formed only from territories bordering each other. For example, neighboring villages and cities, districts and so on. It is impossible to link settlements in one district, which are separated by other territories not included in this formation. In practice, the binding is made to administrative-territorial units in order to maintain proportional representation. In each constituent entity of the Russian Federation, at least one district is created.

Documentary justification

The scheme of single-mandate electoral districts should be worked out no later than one hundred and ninety days before the expiry date of the powers of the working State Duma. It is submitted to this body for review and approval. It must include the following data: the name and number of each district, the list of administrative-territorial units that are included in it. In fact - this is a list of cities, villages, towns, districts and so on. If one metropolis is divided among several districts, then the boundaries are clearly spelled out. Then comes the address of the election commission, the number of citizens entitled to vote. The Duma approves the scheme with a special law, which is made public one hundred and twenty days before the expiration of its term.

Exceptional conditions

Legislatively prescribed what to do if the State Duma does not have the ability to comply with the requirement to publish a list of single-member districts. This can theoretically happen in the event of its dissolution. Then the decision is taken by the Central Election Commission. They are offered two. It is necessary either to hold elections according to the old scheme, which was approved for the past of the people's will of the same order, or the commission forms and approves a new decision by its own decision. It is formed taking into account all the above conditions. That is, in this case, the functions of the State Duma are shifted to the CEC. All this must be decided and promulgated within ten days. In case of early elections - seventy-five days before the expiry of the powers of the acting body.

For voters

Elections of deputies in single-mandate constituencies are conducted by simple voting. And this means that when you come to the site, you will receive a newsletter, in which only one candidate should be noted. Responsible voters are advised to familiarize with them in advance, so as not to study their identities in the polling booth. Please note that if you check a few, your choice will not be taken into account. The bulletin will be considered void (spoiled). After the voting is over, the results are summarized. Members of the local commission, studying all the ballots, conduct a direct count of the number of votes given for each candidate. Bulletins that are spoiled are separately taken into account. When the count ends, the results are compared. The winner is declared the candidate for whom the largest number of citizens voted. It is quite democratic. Rarely, but it happens that it turns out not one, but two "first". That is, the candidates scored an equal number of votes. Legislation states how to act in such a situation.

What is a single-mandate electoral district is considered on the example of elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The principles in other legislative acts remain the same, only the timing of the disclosure of the necessary decisions can vary.