Novocain blockade

Novokainovaya blockade - a widely used method relating to nonspecific therapy. With this method of treatment, Novokain solution is introduced into various tissues. He is able to remove irritation in the focus of pathology, turn off peripheral innervation. The result of this medication is anesthesia. Along with this, Novokain is able to improve the trophism of tissues. To increase the analgesic effect, medicines "Lidocaine", "Dicaine" or "Trimekaine" are often added to the novocain solution, and for prolongation of its action - gelatin solution (8%), blood substitutes, ethyl alcohol. In some cases, vitamins and antibiotics are added to this solution.

Novocaine blockade occurs in several forms:

- cervical vagosympathetic, affecting the wandering, sympathetic and diaphragmatic nerves;

- short, directly affecting the tissues of a painful focus;

- paraneural (lumbar or perigonal), covering the nerve plexuses in the region of the retroperitoneal region;

- case (on the extremities), which aims to change the conductivity of nerves in different parts of the limbs;

- Presacral, which blocks the sacral, hypogastric, coccygeal plexus;

- intraarterial / intravenous, causing a slight irritation of the receptors and exerting through them a reflex action on the disease;

- abdominal, performed after operations on the internal organs of the peritoneum;

- cardiovascular, designed to treat coronary heart disease.

Among the other most frequently used types of Novocaine blockade, there is a paravertebral intradermal, intraosseous, sinusocarotid reflex zone, celiac nerves with a creeping infiltrate.

Novokainovaya blockade happens and local action - sciatic nerve, spermatic cord.

Under the influence of Novokain, a sequence of sensations is observed: cold, heat, pain, a feeling of pressure. Novokainovaya blockade has a rather complex mechanism of influence on nerve tissue. Motor nerves fall under the influence of novocain in large doses and much later. The local effect of Novocain solution is stopped when it is absorbed and enters the circulatory system. Small doses of this drug improve the tone of the smooth muscles of the digestive tract, increase peristalsis, improve heart function and speed up breathing.

Novocaine blockade is used in such cases:

- acute necrosis, inflammatory diseases that did not pass into sepsis;

- blood transfusion or traumatic shock ;

- Disorders of the tone of organs that have cavities (spasms of the ureters, bile ducts, intestines);

- Disorders of vascular tone;

- some trophic disorders;

Pain of unexplained etiology in the peritoneum;

- frostbite, burns.

Novokainovye blockades in the acute form of the disease is repeated every 5-7 days, with chronic - every 10-12 days.

Contraindications include:

- chronic irreversible processes, terminal conditions, neglected peritonitis, inoperable malignant neoplasms;

- completed forms of inflammatory diseases (abscess, thrombophlebitis);

- processes that affect vital organs (gangrene in the lungs, septic endocarditis of the heart).

- inflammatory diseases, the cause of which is not eliminated (foreign bodies, scars, sequestration).

In addition to using a solution for local anesthesia, rectal suppositories with novocaine are also used. They are prescribed for spasmodic conditions of smooth muscles of the intestine.

As a rule, this drug is well tolerated, but sometimes it also causes side effects: dizziness, general weakness, shock, lowering blood pressure, collapse. Allergy to novocaine is extremely rare, but when it is administered, skin reactions such as peeling and dermatitis can be observed.