Monochorionic diamyotic twins. Monochorial twins

Monochorionic diamial twins are the most common occurrence of identical twins. To be more precise, they are twins. But in medicine they are still called twins. The term "monochorional" means that babies have one placenta for two. Of course, it is not hard to guess that this is not very good. It often happens that one fruit, developing faster, suppresses the other, absorbing more nutrients. As a result, children are born with a significant difference in weight.

Kinds of twins

A happy mother waiting for twins is always intrigued by the question of whether her little children will resemble each other, or their similarity will be insignificant. Unfortunately, this is always a surprise. In advance and with absolute certainty, no doctor can diagnose the development of twins. But if it's extremely accurate to establish what kind of twins a woman has, you can make bold predictions about children and the extent of their similarity. To do this, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, is not difficult.

There are only two types of twins: monozygotic and dizygotic. In turn, they can be divided into subspecies. In fact, what kind of twins mom wears, largely determines the complexity of the pregnancy, the risks and complications associated with the period of gestation and the birth process. It is established that monochorionic diamial twins (photos of such twins can be seen in this article) are found in the development of babies from one egg most often.

Monozygotic twins

"Monozygotic twins" refers to twins that evolved from a single egg. This division of the zygote can occur at different times. That is why monozygotic twins are of several kinds. Depending on when the division occurred, bi-amniotic, bichorial, diamiotic, dichorial twins are distinguished. As a rule, with some exceptions, monozygotic twins of the same sex: either boys or girls. At the same time, they are very similar to each other, and differences in appearance are manifested only with age.

Types of monozygotic twins

Monochorionic diamious twins occur most often. It occurs on the 4-8th day after the fertilization of the egg. But this should happen strictly before the zygote is implanted into the wall of the uterus.

The term "monochorional" means that both fetuses are fed from one placenta. This, of course, is accompanied by the danger of some complications. Almost always after the birth of children it is evident that one baby is somewhat larger and more developed than the second. This is because he, by suppressing his brother or sister, consumes more nutrients. If a woman does not receive enough minerals and vitamins, the second baby may not survive.

The term "diamiotic" means that each fetus has its own amniotic sac, in which it grows and develops. But monochorionic twins can be monoamnotic, this is a much more dangerous option.

Monochorion monoamniosic twins

Monochorion monoamniosic twins are one of the most dangerous. In this case, the division takes place from 8 to 12 days from the moment of fertilization. As a rule, this occurs during the period when the zygote is implanted in the endometrium. As a result, it turns out that both fetuses not only have a common placenta, but also an amniotic sac.

Of course, monochorionic diamial twins are dangerous, but in the case of monoamniosic it is associated with the likelihood of developing even more complications. For example, children may get entangled in the umbilical cord of each other. In addition, this pregnancy gives a large number of abnormalities. The most dangerous is the birth of Siamese twins. But if the separation takes place in due time, and the pregnancy is without complications, then the born babies will have the same sex and blood group. And to distinguish them in childhood will be difficult even for their own parents.

Dizygotic twins

Raznoyaytsovye twins are called "dizigotnye." They have not only each of their amniotic sacs, but also their own placenta. In general, this is what twins differ from twins. They do not have to resemble each other in appearance. The blood group may also vary. In the case of a dizygotic twins, the children born can be of the same sex and gender. They are similar, like brothers and sisters, born from one parents, but at different times.

How to get pregnant with twins?

That monochorionic diamyotic twins are twins is understandable, but is there any way to provoke such a pregnancy? This question is asked by thousands of women. Of course, you can find a lot of advice from folk medicine, but they are all grandmother's tales. Provoke a multiple pregnancy can only in the case of artificial insemination. This is a kind of gift of doctors to parents who for many years could not conceive a child.

But in all other cases it's luck. This is a kind of gift of fate, a rare and therefore very valuable gift. Multiple pregnancies happen one to one hundred. Of course, if twins were already born in the family on the ascending line, the chances of a woman are increasing. But even this fact does not guarantee her the coveted twins.

When can I set up a multiple pregnancy?

Of course, there are many signs on which it is easy to establish a pregnancy. Monochorionic diamial twins can only be detected on ultrasound. The first suspicions of twins may occur in a gynecologist. Often, a specialist in his field, who has some experience in the definition of twins, can understand what else to do when registering a pregnant woman for registration in a women's consultation. To this he will be indicated by the unusually large size of the uterus for the period. Usually such an obvious difference can be seen already by the 11th week.

Sometimes for this reason, it may be incorrect to determine the duration of pregnancy. But the unusually large size of the uterus prompts the doctor to send a woman for an additional examination. She undergoes the first ultrasound at 6 weeks. It is at this time to diagnose a multiple pregnancy is easiest. With the increase in the period of intrauterine development, it becomes more difficult. There are cases when the second child in late terms doctors just do not see. As a result, the birth of not one, but two children for a young mother becomes a surprise.

Complexities of multiple pregnancies

Monochorionic twins, in contrast to the dichorion, have their complications. Children are fed from one common placenta, which means that one kid of nutrients may not be enough. The birth in such cases occurs at 34-36 weeks. Babies are born not in a natural way, but through a cesarean section. So much safer for both children and mother. Often there is a significant difference between the weight of newborns. It can be 500 grams.

To safely endure both babies, a woman must eat intensively, monitor her health, take all the medications prescribed by the doctor. Regular walks in the fresh air are very useful. In the body, a woman must have enough vitamins and minerals.

Monochorionic diamyotic twins. Childbirth

A woman who is pregnant with twins should be more carefully observed by a gynecologist. This, of course, is associated with the risks of complications. The probability of premature birth is very high in case of multiple pregnancies. If, while carrying one child, a woman tends to 39-40 weeks, then in the case of twins it is a great rarity. As a rule, babies are born in the period from 32 to 37 weeks.

Births are naturally resolved by doctors only in case of proper presentation of fruits and absence of complications and threats. But most often do caesarean section. Especially dangerous are natural childbirth in the case of monochorion monoamniootic pregnancy. Children can get confused in the umbilical cord of each other, and then it will be difficult to save them. This is also dangerous for the woman in labor. Monochorionic diamial twins can appear naturally, but doctors rarely allow such a delivery. Women with several fetuses are advised to stay at the 28th week of pregnancy.