Mechanical phenomena around us

For centuries and millennia, mankind has come across many natural phenomena, the explanation of which has not always been able to. Changes in the weather, the movement of celestial bodies, the growth of plants, the light of the flame, the change of seasons - all these processes for our ancestors seemed mysterious riddles of nature. Gradually, humanity came to an explanation of the material nature of many of them: some - earlier, others - relatively recently. There were entire sections of science, investigating certain phenomena of nature.

What did our ancestors watch most often? Change of day and night, cold and heat, the movement of clouds and sun in the sky, rain and thunder, wind blowing, germination of grain through the soil, freezing of water and melting of ice. Most of the observed were mechanical phenomena, that is, associated with the movement and movement of various bodies, both living and non-living. This includes the growth of grass, and the movement of the moon in the sky.

Mechanical phenomena, examples of which are found everywhere, along with many others have been studied by mankind for centuries. The initial knowledge of mankind about the world around him grew over time into a harmonious system. There were entire branches of science, specializing in the study of certain processes. The mechanical phenomena of a physicist, or, more precisely, its section, called kinematics-the science of motion and movement of bodies-are studied. The modern concepts of kinematics are based on the postulates of Newton's classical mechanics. They are based on a mechanistic view of the structure of the world around us, which prevailed in science until the beginning of the twentieth century. These representations are completely correct and justified in the part of movements occurring with relatively low velocities (we are not talking about the speed of light) and with objects whose size is much smaller than the distance traveled by them.

In general, mechanical phenomena are a kind of group of physical phenomena. Physical phenomena include those in which there is no transformation of one substance into another. In this case, the aggregate state of the substance can change (water passes into the ice), but this is the same substance. The phenomena of interactions of various substances with the subsequent formation of new ones are being studied by another science - chemistry.

Mechanical phenomena are not unique in physics. In addition to these, physics studies electrical phenomena occurring when electric charges (electric current, lightning, telegraph) interact, magnetic (magnet attraction of metal objects, rotation of the compass needle to the north), optical phenomena occurring during reflection and refraction of light (mirages, A rainbow, the reflection of objects in the mirror and throwing away the shadow), as well as thermal (melting snow, fog, boiling water) and atomic (atomic explosion).

Of course, mechanical phenomena are among the most researched. The science that studies them - mechanics - is the main task of determining the location of the body in the surrounding space at any time taken arbitrarily. The motion of a body in mechanics is not considered in itself, but in relation to other bodies, one of them can be taken as the initial one at the time of counting. The motion is considered in a coordinate system along three mutually perpendicular axes having a common reference point.

It also takes into account the relativity of movement - the body can move relative to one body and not move relative to others. There are concepts of displacement and the path traveled by bodies. Thus, the mechanics, studying the motion of bodies, the main task is to find the position of the body at any time.

Great importance in the study of mechanical phenomena is played by the concepts of speed and time necessary to determine the distance traveled. The science of the motion of bodies also considers different types of motion - translational, rotational, mixed.

Physics as a science that studies the infinite variety of natural phenomena (mechanical and not only) is certainly one of the most interesting and fascinating branches of knowledge.