Management in information technologies: concept, goals and tasks

A competently formulated strategy for the development of the company is one of the foundations of success in any direction of business. But in order for the very fact of stable development to take place it is necessary to pay attention to effective personnel management, without which the achievement of strategic goals of the enterprise will be extremely problematic. Different approaches in management allow developing flexible management systems that meet the current needs of a particular company.

At the same time, regardless of the choice of the model of working with employees, effective management can not be such without a well-organized analysis of information.

Management in information technology

Concepts such as management and technologies directly related to information within the company are increasingly being used in various business areas. This is not surprising, because the modern format of entrepreneurship implies the inevitable use of those tools that allow to optimize the process of personnel management.

Without the use of information technology, management can not be as effective as current market conditions require. Therefore, such a symbiosis of technology and experience is simply necessary for all managers who want to see the high level of work of the team and the staff as a whole.

In order to understand how the Institute of Management and Information Technologies interact, it is worthwhile first to understand the actual terms.

Key Concepts

Since the information technologies themselves are an effective combination of several processes, it is necessary to pay attention to the most important of them:

- Information system. It is nothing but a combination of social and logistical elements necessary for the collection, storage, processing, reflection and distribution of information.

- Information resource. In this case, we are talking about the arrays of documents and individual papers necessary to achieve certain goals of the company. In fact, this is a resource that can be put on a par with energy, financial and various material resources that allow solving key tasks for the company.

- Automated control system. Such a system consists of personnel and facilities that allow to automate its activities. Another of its tasks is the implementation of information technology for performing various tasks relevant to the enterprise.

- Automated IS. This is an information system that is equipped with various tools that allow you to automate the process.

- Information technology. By this term it is necessary to understand a set of software and hardware tools and production processes that combine into a single technological chain. Thanks to this approach, the whole range of directions of work with information becomes possible, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the labor intensity of the process. The reliability and efficiency of the use of information technology in this case is also increasing.

Management System

Without understanding the essence of management, this topic will be difficult to disclose. For this reason it is necessary to understand what a similar system is. In fact, we are talking about a specific method of managing technical, financial, human and other resources in order to fulfill the tasks assigned to the enterprise team.

It should be understood that the management system today includes many different subsystems that are built according to certain criteria. In most cases, it is possible to observe the division of this system into several basic elements, each of which is necessary to achieve a specific strategically important goal.

In the process of developing such components of the system, the specifics of the company are taken into account. This implies an analysis of the following aspects of the enterprise:

- type of information support;

- tactical, operational and strategic objectives of the organization;

- management features of a particular group of employees;

- application of the theory of making managerial decisions and methods of research of relevant operations;

- the structure, those processes, through which it becomes possible to provide services, as well as manufacturing products;

- mission and vision of the company;

- management's achievement of financial equilibrium;

- a competent choice of indicators to assess the quality of the process of achieving key goals.

If you characterize management briefly, It can be said that this is a complex of analysis and impact tools that make it possible to greatly simplify the adoption of managerial decisions.

Approaches used in management

Speaking about effective personnel management, it is necessary to understand that at the moment there is no unified management system. This means that, depending on the objectives, the profile of the company and the experience of managers, different approaches can be used that make it possible to organize the work of staff qualitatively.

If we consider the current disciplines offered by any university of information technology and management, we can identify several key technologies. We are talking about the following approaches:

- system;

- situational;

- Process;

- normative;

- marketing;

- Integrated.

Each of these areas of management deserves special attention, while the competent use of such methods makes it possible to obtain fairly high results.

Key Objectives

Obviously, management is necessary to achieve specific goals, this, in fact, is its value. Therefore, it makes sense to consider those benchmarks that are used in such a difficult matter as personnel management.

So, the management tasks look like this:

- Continuous search for new markets and their subsequent development;

- competent organization of motivation of the company's employees through formation of competitive salaries and working conditions;

- selection of specialists with a high level of skills;

- control of the degree of efficiency of the enterprise and the process of achieving its goals;

- Identification of relevant resources for the company and the search for methods to ensure them in the right amount;

- development of such a system of various measures that will allow achieving key goals quickly and qualitatively;

- formation of a strategy for the development of the company's structure.

It should be understood that as the company grows and the price grows, the management tasks will become more complicated. The good news is that management technologies are constantly evolving, which allows maintaining an acceptable level of efficiency for those who are responsible for the quality of their work.

Technologies

The main tasks of management were described above, but for their successful implementation it is necessary to use effective management tools. It is for this reason that management technologies are one of the most important components of a successful company. In fact, it is a combination of methods that are used to collect, process information and then formulate the most appropriate strategy.

At the same time, both the adoption of key decisions and the system for their implementation must comply with the established timeframe. Otherwise, the necessary processes can be unnecessarily prolonged.

Various principles are used to formulate management technologies. This may be the principle of proportionality, rhythmicity, continuity, specialization and cooperation, adaptability, etc. But regardless of the approach, in many respects the success of management techniques is determined by the availability and the competent use of information. That's why information technology is so important. Management systems without access to current data can not be effective.

The influence of economic factors

In order to assess the whole essence of the mechanisms and processes of personnel management in any company, one must realize the fact that any enterprise attracts resources, including human resources, in a constantly changing market.

In other words, market economy and management are two phenomena that are always connected with each other. If we consider all facets of this fact, then we can identify the following features of modern management processes:

- The company provides economic independence to those who are responsible for making key decisions that affect the results of the enterprise. This approach allows managers to operate relatively freely, steadily increasing their level of efficiency.

- Continuous change of programs and adjustment of goals, due to important changes in market conditions.

- Use of modern information base and computer equipment. Without these tools, it will be extremely difficult to carry out multivariate calculations in the process of making key decisions. For this reason, management in information technology is an inevitable phenomenon of our time.

- The company focuses primarily on the needs of the market and demand, as well as on the requests of those consumers who are bright representatives of the target audience of the company. As a result, the resources are distributed in such a way as to ensure, first of all, the output of products that are most appropriate to demand.

- The company constantly strives to increase the efficiency of production and at the same time to minimize costs, thus obtaining a stable increase in profits.

Obviously, management in information technology implies the constant updating of the knowledge base, techniques, approaches and the operation of large data flows.

Scientific manager

As mentioned above, there are several different approaches to the organization of effective management, which are widely used by enterprises in the modern market. But if we turn to the origins, we can not ignore the fact that the basis of the current concepts is the school of scientific management.

The founder of this direction is Frederick Taylor. Henry Gantt, Lilia and Frang Gilbert also made many efforts to form this view of management.

These outstanding management specialists based their concept primarily on the fact that if you correctly use measurements, observations, analysis and logic, you can achieve more than a tangible improvement in the efficiency of the labor process.

As the key areas of analysis and development on which the school of scientific management is built , the following components of the company's work can be defined:

- development of the formal structure of the organization;

- the definition of those measures that will help to divide competently managerial and executive functions, that is, duties of the worker and the chief;

- the rational organization of the labor process.

There is also a classical school of management or, more precisely, administratively functional. It includes a number of principles that form a general approach to the analysis of the activities of the administration, which has repeatedly proved its effectiveness.

Such principles include the subordination of personal, private interests to a common, corporate spirit, which is also defined as uniting of staff, hierarchy, etc.

Information as a management tool

It has already been noted that it is extremely difficult to manage personnel and adjust the algorithm of its operation without a constant flow of necessary information and data. More precisely, it is possible, but the degree of effectiveness of such guidance will be extremely low. For this reason, different approaches in management Inevitably imply the competent use of information.

To run such a control algorithm, data-processing systems are necessary, which are nothing more than a collection of ideal and material elements. As a matter of fact, it is a question of qualitative communication of information technologies and personnel of the company.

Also in modern management the scientific toolkit is actively used. This is a whole complex of quality models that allow the manager to make the right decisions in a rather short time. At the heart of such tools are mathematical methods, which means, first of all, collecting the necessary data, then presenting them in the required format and only then launching the analytical process.

If we consider management in information technology Through the prism of operational activities, it is worth highlighting the following tasks, the solution of which occurs on an ongoing basis:

- formation of detailed control reports showing the state of affairs in the company;

- obtaining the necessary information according to current requests

- processing of data relating to transactions that are carried out at the firm.

Such technologies are necessary, since managers constantly deal with a large amount of data in the so-called raw state. That is, you have to deal with information that has not been sorted. It is this problem that allows you to solve various tools.

The main components of the data processing process are as follows:

1. Information gathering.

2. Processing of the received data. In this case, the following tools are used:

- grouping or classifying information, which means assigning code to certain blocks of data, which allows you to quickly and conveniently distribute information to groups;

- sorting, necessary to order the received information and create the necessary sequence;

- calculations using logical and arithmetic operations;

- Aggregation or consolidation, which is done to reduce the amount of data, filtering only the most current information.

3. Data storage. For this purpose, special information bases are used.

4. Formation of documents in the form of reports. Such documentation is subsequently provided to the company's managers and external partners, in order to familiarize themselves with the dynamics of achieving the key objectives of the enterprise.

Results

Obviously, the large information flows that continuously get to managers and an expert in computer science can become a tangible problem without proper organization of their sorting and analysis.

Moreover, if the information blocks are not distributed, then it will not be easy to use the information obtained to improve the efficiency of the company's processes. For this reason, the discipline "information technology in management" is becoming increasingly popular, as it allows you to train professionals able to organize the management process in a qualitative way, taking into account all the requirements of modern companies.