Lambda probe dummy with your own hands: drawing

From the article you will learn how the lambda probe is made by yourself and whether it should be installed on your car. On how well the fuel-air mixture burns in the engine, its efficiency depends. It is very important to choose the optimal proportion of the content of gasoline and air, depending on the load on the engine.

If in old cars all the adjustments to the quality and quantity of fuel depended on carburetor adjustments, in modern times it is somewhat different. All is given in reliable hands of microprocessor technology and a huge number of sensors.

How does the injection system work?

It is possible to distinguish several of the most important nodes that are available in the injector system:

1. Fuel tank.
2. Fuel level sensor in one housing with pump and filter.
3. Fuel rail (installed in the engine compartment on the intake manifold).
4. Nozzles, which provide the supply of a gasoline mixture to the combustion chambers.
5. Control block. As a rule, it is mounted in the car's interior, it allows controlling the supply of the fuel-air mixture.
6. Exhaust system, which provides complete destruction of harmful substances.

It is in the latter that the lambda probe is deceived. With your own hands ("Lancer 9" or "Lada" for you, it does not matter) it can be done quite simply. But it is necessary and aware of all the consequences of installing the "stub". The lambda probe's deception by its own hands on the "Prior" can be made and simple design, in any case it will have a significant impact on the engine performance.

How many sensors are in the car

Oxygen sensors (lambda probes) are mounted in the exhaust system of modern cars with an injection fuel injection system. There can be either one or two oxygen sensors in the system. If one is installed, it is located after the catalytic converter. If two, then before and after.

And one measures the percentage of oxygen immediately at the exit from the cylinders and sends its signal to the electronic control unit. The second, which is mounted after the catalyst, is necessary to adjust the readings of the first.

The principle of functioning of the lambda probe

All automotive electronics, which is responsible for the correct formation of the mixture, participates in the distribution of fuel by injectors. Using an oxygen sensor, the required amount of air is determined in order to form a quality mixture. Due to the fine tuning of the lambda probe, it is possible to achieve a high degree of environmental friendliness and economy.

The fuel burns completely, at the outlet of the pipe, practically clean air is the plus of ecology. The precise dosage of air and gasoline is a benefit in saving fuel. Of course, the catalytic converter, combined with oxygen sensors, ensures stable operation of the engine. But due to the fact that it is made of precious metals, its cost is extremely high. And if it fails, the replacement will be a pretty penny. Therefore, the thought arises: "But there is a deceptive lambda probe, with their own hands (VAZ-2107 even needs to replace the oxygen sensor) it will not be difficult to do."

Design features of the oxygen sensor

The appearance of this device is simple - a long electrode-housing, from which the wires go. On the body, the deposition of platinum (this precious metal was discussed above). But the internal structure is more "rich":

1. A metal contact that connects the wires for connection to the active electrical element of the sensor.
2. Seal of dielectric for safety. It has a small hole through which air enters the casing.
3. Zirconium electrode is a hidden type that is located inside the ceramic tip. When the current flows through this electrode, it heats up to a temperature in the range of 300 ... 1000 degrees.
4. Protection shield with a hole for exhaust emission.

Types of sensors

Two main types of oxygen sensors, which are currently used in automotive engineering:

1. Broadband.
2. Two-point.

Regardless of the type, they have an almost identical internal device. External similarities, as you know, are also there. But the principle of work is very different. The broadband oxygen sensor is an upgraded two-point sensor.

It has a pumping component, which, due to voltage fluctuations, provides a signal to the electronic control unit. On this element, the current supply can either increase or become weaker. At the same time, a small amount of air enters the gap and is analyzed. It is at this stage that the CO concentration in the exhaust gas is measured. But sometimes the lambda probe is made and installed by its own hands. "Chevrolet Lanos", for example, works with it stably and does not give errors after refueling with bad gasoline.

Determination of malfunction of the oxygen sensor

Of course, this element is not eternal, despite its high cost and platinum in the composition. Of course, the lambda probe is no exception and at one point can order a long life. And there will be some symptoms:

1. The level of CO content increases sharply in the exhaust gases. If the car has an oxygen sensor and the CO level is extremely high, then this indicates that the control device is out of order. Determine the content of harmful substances can only be using gas analyzers. But for personal purposes, it is not profitable to buy it.
2. Sharply increases fuel consumption. Pay attention to the on-board computer. Look at the current gasoline consumption. This is the easiest way. You can also judge by the frequency of refueling.
3. And the last sign is a lamp on the dashboard, which indicates that there are faults in the engine.

If it is not possible to analyze the exhaust gas with a special device, you can do it visually. Light smoke is a sign that there is too much air in the fuel mixture. Black is talking about a lot of gasoline. Therefore, one can judge the malfunctioning of the system. But the picture is different, if there is a deceptive lambda probe. With your own hands ("Volkswagen", VAZ, "Toyota" - for any car) such a device is made quite simply.

Causes of breakdowns

It is worth paying attention to the fact that the oxygen sensor is located in the epicenter of fuel combustion. Consequently, the composition of gasoline has a significant effect on the work of the lambda probe. If gasoline contains many impurities, does not comply with GOST, low quality, then the oxygen sensor will give an error or an incorrect signal to the electronic control unit. In the worst case, the device fails. And this happens because of the high content of lead, which is deposited on the sensor and disturbs its functioning. But there may be other causes of breakdowns:

1. Mechanical influence - vibration, too active operation of the car, lead to damage or burnout of the body. It is impossible to repair or restore, a rational solution is to buy a new one and install it.
2. Incorrect operation of the fuel supply system. If the fuel-air mixture is not completely burned, soot begins to settle on the body of the lambda probe, and also gets inside through the air intake holes. Of course, at first cleaning the device helps. But if it needs this procedure more often, it will be necessary to install a new device.

Try to carry out diagnostics of your car from time to time. In this case, you will not be a surprise failure of any element.

Troubleshooting

Of course, only the diagnostics on specialized equipment will give the most accurate answer about the breakdowns. But to detect the breakage of the sensor it is possible and independently, it is enough to read carefully about the features of the sensor and its characteristics. But it is very rare to set up a lambda probe. With your own hands (VAZ-2114 or any other car if you have), you can make a stub-bluff from improvised means in a literal sense. The algorithm for troubleshooting is as follows:

1. Open the hood and find the exhaust manifold. Carry out work on a cooled engine, as you can get serious injuries. Find the lambda probe on the catalytic converter.
2. Conduct an external examination. Pollution, soot, light coating - signs of improper operation of the fuel system. And the last sign says that there is too much lead in the gases.
3. Replace the oxygen sensor and diagnose the entire fuel system again. If contamination is not observed, you need to continue troubleshooting.
4. Disconnect the sensor plug and connect a voltmeter with a scale of up to 2 volts to it. Start the engine and increase the speed to 2500 in minutes, then lower down to the idling speed. The voltage change should be insignificant - in the range of 0,8 .0,9 volts. If there is no change, or the voltage is zero, you can talk about the sensor failure.

Also it is possible to judge about breakage by other characteristics. In a vacuum tube, you create an artificial vacuum. At the same time, the voltage should be very low - less than 0.2 volts.

Resource of the oxygen sensor

To ensure an uninterrupted and stable operation of the car, regular technical inspection is necessary. For example, a lambda probe needs to be inspected every 30,000 kilometers. And the resource at it no more than hundred thousand - it is not necessary to maintain the car with the old gauge - it only will lead to that the engine should be subject to repair much earlier. And the question arises: will the lambda probe fad suit your car? With his hands on the "Kalina" such a device can be done in a few minutes.

But there is one nuance. The motorist can not guarantee that the fuel that he runs the car is of high quality. Of course, everyone is accustomed to pour the gasoline that is sold at his favorite gas station. But who knows what is the composition of the gasoline that is bottled there? Therefore, try to trust the gas stations "branded", who cherish their name. But if there are not a number of good gas stations, then you will have to be satisfied with what is available at your side. And a burning ICE error lamp - this is a frequent phenomenon, to get rid of which will help to install the blende.

Homemade snag device

It all depends on what means you have. It is worth noting that the blend of the lambda probe with its own hands on the VAZ can be the most democratic, it still works without fail. The cheapest option - homemade. A bronze body is made. This metal is better to choose, because it has a very high resistance to heat. And the dimensions of this blob should be exactly the same as the sensor itself, so that the exhaust fumes do not leak. In fact, this spacer with a small hole - no more than three mm. This spacer is screwed into the sensor position. And the lambda probe itself is installed in the spacer.

Between the sensor and the hole in the disc there is a layer of ceramic chips, on which a layer of catalyst is deposited. Due to this, the exhaust gas passes through a thin hole and is oxidized by crumb. The result is a significant reduction in the level of CO. Consequently, the standard oxygen sensor is deceived. But such devices can be installed on budget cars. More expensive machines should not be altered.

Electronic blende

But if you have the skills in installing electrical circuits, you can make a homemade device. You only need one of these two elements - a resistor or a capacitor. But not for all fit such a deceptive lambda probe. With your own hands ("Subaru Forester" or VAZ, it does not matter) you can make it according to one of the suggested options. But be careful, because a misunderstanding of the process of the deception will affect the functioning of the entire control unit. And if you are not sure, you better get ready on the microcontroller. It is good that it can independently carry out the following actions:

1. Estimate the gas concentration at the first sensor.
2. Next, a pulse is formed, which corresponds to the signal that was received earlier.
3. Provides for the electronic control unit averaged readings, which allow the engine to operate normally.

Firmware of the electronic control unit

The most effective way is to completely change the program laid in the control unit. The essence of the whole procedure is to get rid of all or part of any reaction to the change in the readings coming from the oxygen sensor. But pay attention to the fact that the warranty is lost on the car. Therefore, for new machines such a method, as, indeed, any other, does not fit.

Conclusion

And most importantly - think, is it worth it? Do you need to do such a detail as a lambda probe fake with your own hands? "Lancer 9", say, the car is not budget, but high-end, so is there any sense in breaking its design with various homemade products? Is it reasonable? If there is money for an expensive car, then there must be funds and to maintain it in working order. If not, why did they buy such a car?