Kutyakov Ivan Semenovich: biography and personal life

Ivan Semyonovich Kutyakov became famous for his voivodship activity during the Civil War. At one time under his command was the 25th Infantry Division. Ivan Semenovich headed the military unit immediately after the death of her previous commander V. I. Chapaev. In addition, Kutyakov Ivan Semenovich, personal life, biography, whose achievements were the subject of our review, was a participant in the First World War.

Biography: origins

Ivan Semenovich was destined to be born in January 1897 in an ordinary peasant family, in a small village of Shalashi in the Samara province. Now it is the village of Krasnaya Rechka in the Pugachevsky district of the Saratov region. In the family of rural workers there were 13 children. Ivan's parents worked for the landlords, their own farmyard, which would help survive the whole large family, they did not have. Subsequently, they were able to buy a cow and a small house. But by that time in the family there were only three children, of whom Ivan was the eldest.

By the age of seven, the future Red Army soldier was placed by his parents to the blind man as a guide. His salary per day was 7 cents. His work continued tirelessly. Soon he moved to the assistant to a local shepherd and so worked until age 13. In the winter, Ivan Kutyakov studied at a church school, which he graduated with on his hands a commemorative leaf. The only one in its class. The reward for his successful education was not only the laudatory leaf, but also a book - a rare thing in the house of poor villagers. At the age of 17, the young Ivan Semenovich began to graze rural horses.

Personal life of Ivan Semenovich

Ivan managed to get married before his own draft in the army in 1916. Unfortunately, his first wife has almost no data. It is known that she (a name also, unfortunately, did not remain) was a native of the same village as her husband. A year after their marriage in a young family, Vladimir's son was born, baptized as Theodosius. On the birth of his son, Ivan Semenovich Kutyakov learned while in the army. His first wife soon died of a typhus that was raging then.

A few years later, on the fiery lines at the Ural militia, Ivan Semyonovich Kutyakov, whose family was far from the last, met his future second wife. Her name is Claudia Timofeevna, in the nee Dodonova. Afterwards they lived happily ever after, son Vladimir called his mother's second wife and revered him as his own.

Kutyakov Ivan Semenovich: books

Since Ivan Semenovich was an extremely well-read person and did not interrupt his own training, later education allowed him to write several works. For the most part, books are memories of VI Chapaev: "Chapaev's Battle Road", "Vasily Ivan Chapayev", "With Chapaev on the Ural steppes". And also "The rout of the Ural White Cossack Army", "Red cavalry and air fleet in deserts. 1924 ". A total of about eight works, some of them were republished.

Kutyakov Ivan Semenovich: "The Kiev Cannes"

With the published works of Ivan Kutyakov there were no problems. An exception was the book "The Kiev Cannes. 1920 ". This is a hand-written work on the Soviet-Polish military actions in the 20 th year of the last century. In it were expressed personal thoughts and observations of the author. Like many other participants in the wars, Ivan Semenovich also described the events taking place in the country. However, it was this book that caused a lot of critical opinions and convictions on the part of the ruling elite and many of its colleagues. As a result of public criticism, the book was released only once and was not reissued any more.

The book "Kiev Cannes. 1920 "was called the loop by Kutyakov himself. The fact is that in his work Ivan Semenovich talked a lot and colorfully about the organization of the Belopolsk military forces, their armament and bearing. At the same time, he criticized the actions of his superiors, on his part. Especially in the book the activity of the First Horse Guards and other large units of military associations was negatively outlined. In the opinion of higher military officials, the book was extremely one-sided. Moreover, when the book was read by Budyonny, he was particularly indignant at the written. The reasons were also the previous responses of party workers, and their own observations. He argued that the book does not reflect at all the constructive decisions of the ruling circles and tactical moves in military operations. Budyonny said that this material should not be allowed to print, so as not to embarrass young people with these statements. After all, if the experienced generation is inherently uncomfortable with the thoughts written in the book, then young people learn everything that they see or feel.

The fate of the book and its admirers

Later, when Stalin was conducting proceedings on this issue, the loop of the "Kiev Cannes" played a negative role in the fate of Ivan Kutyakov. He was accused of "all mortal sins," and the book was the last straw. Moreover, all those who were involved in the pass to print his work, and also having read, did not report the thoughts expressed there, shared the fate of Ivan Semenovich. Several people were repressed and subsequently shot.

Martyrology

After all the events that have occurred, you can safely say that Kutyakov Ivan Semenovich is a martyrologist of his time. The term "martyrology" is translated from Latin as "the word about martyrs". In a broad sense, it means a list of war victims, martyrs of social and military repression. In his books he tells the undisguised truth about what happened to him and his comrades. In something even too straightforward. Especially in the "Kiev Cannes", which was mentioned above.

Military career

The military service of young Ivan began at the age of 19, with his call-up. He was sent to Astrakhan for training in the infantry regiment. After training, he went to the city of Tsaritsyn in an officer's rank (non-commissioned officer). Accordingly, as an officer, he was put in charge of the whole department. At this time, the First World War raged. On it Ivan Kutyakov moved his subordinates towards the Romanian front.

During the 1917 revolution, Ivan Semyonovich Kutyakov, whose photo you see in the article, became a Bolshevik. After a brief military manipulation Ivan Semenovich was able to return to his native village. At this time in the village of Shalashi (Krasnaya Rechka) the head of the commissariat and the entire military district was VI Chapaev. With him, Ivan Semenovich formed the most benevolent relationship. A year later (1918) Chapaev headed the infantry regiment, where Kutyakov could easily join. He was appointed head of foot scouts, because he was in good standing.

After Chapaev's death, Ivan Semenovich was appointed commander of the 25th Infantry Division, which was initially based in Samara and was called the Zakharov Samara Division. After that, Kutyakov's military career did not end, and for several years he was the commander of various divisions and detachments. It is known that in Moscow a few years before the execution Ivan Semenovich married once more, and that from this marriage Alexander's son was born, but the marriage quickly disintegrated. However, many people question this information.

Awards and memorial places in honor of Ivan Semenovich

At one time, Ivan Semenovich Kutyakov, whose biography is full of interesting events, received several very high awards. So, in the period from 1919 to 1924 he was awarded three times the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. In the interval between the years he was awarded the Honorary Revolutionary Weapon, as well as the Order of the Red Banner of the Khorezm Republic. About the awards Kutyakov can be found in the list of Knights of the Order of the Red Banner.

Ivan Semyonovich Kutyakov won a special award in such settlements as Pugachev, Saratov, Samara, Balakovo. In these places, streets are named after him. And at the film studio chronicles director Kuibyshevsky was filmed a documentary film "Declared the enemy of the people." In his native village of Krasnaya Rechka (Shalashi) there is a sculptural image and a school museum is dedicated to the life and work of the Red Army officer.

Son of Vladimir

After a lapse of time, already an adult commander, Ivan returned to his native village, where he had relatives: brothers, parents and son Vladimir. At that time, he took it with him, and later, after the second marriage, they formed a real full-fledged family. After in 1937 Kutyakov was arrested, the son did not renounce him. For this act he was expelled from the naval school, which is located in St. Petersburg (at that time - in Leningrad).

Time passed, events changed, along which Kutyakov Vladimir floated. He was at war, he held engineering posts. He had a good and strong family. He finished his life in Samara. After this tragic event, his family's ties with the village of Krasnaya Rechka were terminated and are still unknown. Where and how the direct descendants of the son of the famous Red Army man now live, is for certain unknown.

The character of Ivan Semenovich, according to contemporaries

From the memoirs of Kutyakov's contemporaries, he was a man of unpretentiousness, as well as strict rules, especially in relation to himself. And this is not surprising, given that Ivan Semenovich began his military career when he was not yet 20 years old. Colleagues and friends noted that Kutyakov was a modest and honest man. And he also strove for a resemblance to VI Chapaev. Distinguished by his still undoubted love of arms and Peter's time. He knew a lot about Peter I and always tried to express his own opinion.

As indicated in the memoirs of his friends, Ivan Semenovich was somewhat embarrassed by his small education, so he studied much and capaciously. I tried to cover everything that could be covered: books, opera, ballet, museums, with advantage went into arguments and conversations. He never used his official position and did not promote his relatives and friends in the service, he did not arrange for work. However, he was always hospitable. When they came to visit him in Moscow, he always greeted, placed in his house, showed his sights. In addition, he did not forget his roots and often visited his relatives in the village of Shalashi. When communicating with him, fellow countrymen noted that he was simple, talkative.

The death of Ivan Semyonovich Kutyakov

In the late 30-ies of the last century, Ivan Semenovich was arrested and, in many opinions, absolutely unreasonably repressed. Documents on the arrest of the Red Army man are still kept in the school museum of the village of Krasnaya Rechka in the Pugachevsky district. After conducting a brief investigation, he was sentenced to execution through execution. The execution was carried out a year after the arrest, at the end of 1938. However, according to other sources, the official death was found by Ivan Kutyakov for the second year of the Second World War, in 1942, on September 23. In 1956, Ivan Semenovich was posthumously rehabilitated.