Kinds of theaters in kindergarten and attributes for theatrical games

Psychologists have proved that playing activity is an integral component of the harmonious all-round development of preschool children. This is due to the age-specific features of the development of mental processes in babies. With the help of this kind of activity, preschoolers get to know the world around them, learn communications and interact with peers, and adapt in society. One of the most effective types of gaming activity in the kindergarten is the theater. In this activity preschool children show creative activity, realize their potential, develop their abilities. Therefore, it is so important to conduct dramatized games in the DOW. Such activities are organized in a preschool institution in various forms. About what kinds of theaters there are in kindergarten and how to organize them correctly, we will consider in this material. In addition, we will share interesting ideas for making attributes and inventory for such work.

The influence of a theatrical game on the development of a preschooler

It is impossible to overestimate the favorable impact of theatrical games on the development of preschool children . Such activities contribute to:

• The assimilation and consolidation of educational material by children;
• Development of speech and fine motor skills;
• Formation of communication skills;
• Development of creative abilities, revealing of talents of kids;
• Formation of the ability to interact with others;
• The development of the sensitive-emotional sphere;
• The emergence of a steady interest in fiction, a book;
• Education of aesthetic taste;
• Development of such personal qualities, as dedication, will, initiative and others.

Types of theaters in the pre-school

Thus, the organization of the theatrical activity in preschool education solves the goals of a number of educational and educational goals. In addition, it contributes to the implementation of the requirements of the state standard, because thanks to this form of pedagogical work, children learn to independently put forward ideas, argue, show initiative and creativity.

What kinds of theaters can be organized in a kindergarten? In pedagogical literature it is suggested to conduct such activities with preschool children as:

• Table theater;
• Bench;
• Riding;
• wrist;
• floor;
• Theater of a living doll.

In turn, each of these species is subdivided into subspecies. More details about each of them will be described below.

Booth theater

The stand theater is a surface on which figures and characters are attached. To this form are:

1. Theater on the flannelograph (a board, covered with cloth). For the organization of this type of activity will require an industrial or self-made flannel and characters-figures of the selected artwork, on which you need to attach the back of the Velcro. Thus, as the story develops, the child is encouraged to attach the necessary figures to the flannelograph.
2. Magnetic is, in fact, the same as the previous view, only a metal board is used, and magnetic strips are attached to the figures instead of stickers. The basis and, accordingly, the characters of this theater come in a variety of sizes: from a small desktop version, to a full screen for the visual or music room.
3. The shadow theater in the gardens is the most mysterious and unusual for the perception of children, preschool children are enthusiastically participating in such a game. To organize this type of theater, you need a screen (stretched vertically white fabric), a lantern or a table lamp (depending on the screen size), cardboard figures of black color. Instead of toy characters, shadows can be created directly with a brush and fingers. This kind of called "theater of living shadows."

Table Theater

The name of this kind of theater speaks for itself - the game activity is conducted on the table. Its peculiarity is that the scenery and characters should be small in size so that it is possible to place all the necessary game attributes on the surface. What is the table theater in kindergarten:

1. Paper (cardboard). Often, such a ready-made theater can be found in any children's magazine - you just need to cut and collect all the necessary details and you can start the play.
2. Magnetic is a metal board with magnets - characters of a fairy tale.
3. Theater of natural material, such as cones, chestnuts, acorns, etc. It is convenient to place such characters in a box with sand.

"Wrist" theater

This kind of theatrical activities, for which you require such attributes as finger puppets or toys - "gloves". There are the following "wrist" types of theaters in the kindergarten:

• Finger;
• Gloved.

What is necessary in order to organize such a theatrical activity? First of all, a screen is needed. Its size depends directly on the size of the characters. In turn, dolls are most often produced independently by the teacher. But pupils can also take an active part in the creation of characters. For example, make finger puppets can be made from cardboard cones, fabric, tennis balls and other materials.

"Glove dolls" can be made, for example, from a mitten or a sock, sewing to the basis the necessary elements (face, hands, clothing, etc.).

It is important to note that the finger theater, in addition to other advantages, effectively develops the fine motor skills of preschoolers, which, in turn, directly influences the formation of children's speech.

Horse Theater

What is a riding theater? This term was introduced by Russian puppeteers in the XVI century. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that dolls are above the growth of the person who controls them. There are the following types:

1. In the cane theater puppets are used, which, accordingly, are fixed on a high cane, and the person who manages the characters is hidden behind the screen.
2. Great popularity is acquired by the theater "Bee-ba-bo". In principle, this is the same "glove", as dolls are dressed on the arm. The only difference is that a high screen is used and, thus, the characters are shown to the audience at a level higher than the puppeteer's growth.
3. No less interesting is the theater of spoons in kindergarten. The attributes for such game activity are very easy to make independently. This will require a wooden spoon. On the convex part of it the person's face is drawn, and the clothes of the fairy-tale hero are dressed on the handle. During the production of the children's play, the puppet-puppies keep the characters from the spoons by the handle.

Outdoor theater

In the outdoor theater doll puppets are used. Making them yourself is quite difficult, so most often they are purchased in specialized stores. Due to this feature, this type of theatrical activity is not often conducted in kindergartens. But it is the theater of the puppets that causes the preschoolers a storm of emotions, ecstasy. Since the kids do not yet understand the mechanism of action of such dolls, the children imagine that the toys "came to life" themselves. It is this element of the "miracle", "fairy tale" that promotes the emergence of positive emotions in preschool children.

Theater of a living doll

But more often than not, a "live" puppet theater is organized in the kindergarten. Such activities can be conducted as a lesson in the development of speech, the surrounding world, the study of a foreign language, and also during leisure. In addition, the production of a "live" theater can be dedicated to a holiday, for example, Maslenitsa or the New Year.

There are the following types of described gaming activities:

• masque;
• A theater of giant dolls.

The latter is most often conducted as leisure activities in the DOW. The roles of giant dolls are performed by either adults or senior preschoolers. Younger children can only act as spectators.

Then, as the theater of masks is suitable for children of any age. Even the smallest pupils have the opportunity to "reincarnate" in the hero of the fairy tale. The teacher can offer the children to recount the story that has become so fond of the kids, or to prepare a full-fledged speech for the parents.

To make masks for the forthcoming performance preschoolers can independently under the guidance of the teacher, for example, in classes on artistic and aesthetic development or during leisure activities.

How to make a screen for the theater in the DOW independently?

In order to organize a theatrical activity with preschoolers, you will need various attributes, including masks, dolls, and decorations. Of course, the necessary inventory can be purchased in specialized stores. But, having offered the kids to make the necessary inventory for the theatricalization of the fairy tale, it is possible not only to diversify the educational process of preschool children, increase motivation for work, but also to realize the basic educational and educational goals.

What can a theater for preschoolers be made of? For most types of such creative activity, a screen for the theater is needed. In kindergarten usually there is a specified inventory, either in the playroom or in the music hall. But in the absence of a screen of the necessary size - it can be made independently.

The easiest way to make such an attribute for a theatrical game is to pull a thick cloth in the doorway. Depending on what kind of activity is supposed to be carried out, the material either cuts out the "window" or makes an indent from above to place the characters.

Fingerprint Screen

To organize a finger theater, you need a small screen. Therefore, you can make this attribute from cardboard boxes, on the bottom of which you need to cut a hole. Such a screen should then be aesthetically decorated. It is recommended to decorate the box with universal decorations so that you do not have to make a new screen for each fairy-tale separately. So, you can arrange in the form of a forest clearing, arrange a "house on the edge".

Dolls for the theater in the Dow from the improvised materials

Preschoolers like to make their own from unusual materials of dolls-characters for theatrical games. From what can you make such attributes? A teacher who practices creative work can produce figures from the most unexpected materials. For example, a theater made of paper is the simplest and quickest way to do homemade characters.

You can also use wooden sticks from ice cream, pasting them with felt, foil, colored self-adhesive film. Photos of such characters for theatrical activities can be seen below.

Materials for the manufacture of characters

Of what else can you make the puppet theater characters:

• Cardboard, making the bottom two finger holes;
• Matchboxes;
• Tennis balls;
• Inflatable balls;
• Disposable dishes: plates, cups, spoons;
• Sock, mittens, gloves;
• Plastic bottles;
• Natural material, etc.

Thus, it is possible to organize different types of theaters in kindergarten. It is important for a teacher when planning such an activity to take into account the age and individual characteristics of pupils, their interests. In addition, it is necessary not only to properly conduct a theatrical game, but also to think methodically of the preparatory and final stages of working with children. From these factors depends the effectiveness of pedagogical work with pre-school children in general.