Kazan State Aviation Plant named after SP Gorbunov

Kazan Gorbunov Aircraft Plant is the leading Russian airline specializing in assembling strategic bombers, civil and special aircraft. Since 2013 it is a branch of PJSC "Tupolev".

Description

OJSC Kazan Aviation Plant is located in Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan. In addition to the main production, he runs the Borisoglebskoye airfield, which is located nearby. The enterprise played an important role in the country's defense capability. Long-range bombers of strategic purpose, including those capable of transporting nuclear weapons, were manufactured here.

KAZ has a high scientific and production potential. The accumulated experience allows us to undertake the development of advanced projects. Within its walls, specialized liners of the highest reliability are collected for the Headquarters of the President of the Russian Federation, the General Staff, and intelligence structures.

Work days

Kazan Aviation Plant was originally established as a branch of the Moscow aircraft factory. The laying of the first workshop began in 1932, by 1935 the main facilities were erected. In parallel, a motor plant was built, a residential area called "Social Town". However, the punitive repressions led to personnel leapfrogging, and the real release of the aircraft was managed only in 1938.

The initial plans were grandiose - to collect giants of the sky ANT-16, ANT-20 (Maxim Gorky), ANT-26 (with a 16-ton bomb load and a 95-meter wingspan). However, further plans for the paper did not go. Of the three heavy aircraft ANT-20bis mortgaged on the slipways in 1936, only by 1939 it was possible to assemble the first of them (with the state order for 18 units). The experience of producing DB-A bombers "Annushka" was also unsuccessful.

To the Glory of the Motherland

In 1939, the Kazan Aviation Plant began to master the new model "Machine No. 2" - the future Pe-8 of Petlyakov's design. The Far 4-motor bomber-transporter became the main one in the DKA of the Red Army and brought the plant a deserved labor victory. Pe-8 (ANT-42) became the first Soviet high-speed high-altitude aircraft of the "Flying Fortress" class. He possessed elegant streamlined forms in contrast to the angular "slow-moving" of previous generations.

A little later, the main model for the plant was the dive bomber of the same designer Pe-2. During the war, KAZ collected about 10,000 cars. Production worked without stops, weekends and holidays.

Plant of strategic importance

The Second World War showed the importance of heavy long-range bombers capable of paralyzing the enemy's infrastructure and production. With the development of more powerful bombs, their effectiveness has increased. In the first years of peace, the Kazan Aviation Plant produced a copy of the well-proven American B-29 model under the TU-4 brand. However, a piston airplane with a flight range of just over 5000 km was not continental. Namely the USA became the main geopolitical opponent of the USSR.

The strategic jet Tu-16, capable of acting both as a bomber, as a missile carrier, reconnaissance vehicle, tanker, etc., became breakthrough. The speed of 980 km / h and the altitude of climbing up to 13,400 m made it possible to easily overcome enemy air defense lines. However, its range was even less than that of the Tu-4 - 4000 km. It was effective against ship formations, supplemented the firepower of the Soviet Navy and coastal defense. The first serial device was manufactured at the KAZ in 1953. According to statistics, Tu-16, withdrawn from the Russian Air Force system only in the 90s, is the longest-lived airplane in the world. Its modified analogs continue to serve in China and a number of other countries.

The next stage was the family of distant subsonic strategic missile carriers Tu-22. The basic model was produced from 1960 to 1966. A total of 311 units were collected. From 1967 to 1990, modifications were made to Tu-22M (0-1), Tu-22M2 and Tu-22M3 with improved aerodynamics and technical characteristics.

Civilian aircraft

In addition to combat aircraft, the Kazan Aviation Plant produced passenger jetliners. In the early 50's, the government commissioned, based on the successful Tu-16 model, to design an airplane for the transport of passengers and cargo. As a result, the Tu-104 was created - the first in the USSR passenger airliner on jet propulsion. In 1956, an improved version of the Tu-110 for the party apparatus and general secretaries was created.

In the 1960s, part of the capacity was reoriented for the transport and passenger long-haul IL-62, which replaced the Il-62M. Until 1994, 278 units of both modifications were manufactured. In the mid-1990s, KAZ mastered the Tu-214 model, which was certified in 1997. Now the design bureau is working on the projects of the short-haul passenger Tu-324 and the transport vehicle Tu-330.

"White Swan"

12/18/1981 The first flight was made by the previously unprecedented super-heavy bomber Tu-160, called in NATO "Blackjack". Its unique shape with a swept wing in flight resembles a proud graceful swan. Therefore, in Russia, he is affectionately called the "White Swan".

Although its production was discontinued, the Kazan Aviation Plant. SP Gorbunov from the president received an order to resume the assembly of a strategic bomber with improved avionics, new electronic and technical components. The range of almost 14,000 km allows you to hit targets on other continents. Tu-160 is the basis of the aviation component of the "nuclear triad" of Russia.

Production

For today KAZ carries out the following works:

• Modernization of the Tu-22M3.
• Production, service of Tu-160.
• Production, maintenance of modifications of Tu-214.
• Service IL-62M.
• Production of special-purpose aircraft.
• Development of new aircraft.

Kazan aircraft factory remains a recognized authority in aircraft building. Merger with PJSC "Tupolev" accelerates the introduction of new aircraft models and allows unifying production.