Is Sberbank a commercial or state bank?

JSC "Sberbank" is the largest financial institution not only in Russia, but also in the CIS. He has a large network of units. The main activity of the institution is the provision of a wide range of investment and banking services. The main shareholder and at the same time the founder of the financial institution is the Central Bank of Russia. He owns more than half of the authorized capital and a voting share. About 40% of shares are the property of foreign companies. The post of the president of the institution and the chairman of the board belongs to German Gref.

A bit of history

Central "Sberbank" began the history of its existence in 1841. It was at that time that Emperor Nicholas 1 issued a decree on the formation of savings banks. The first ticket office was opened already in 1842 in the territory of St. Petersburg. In 1987, it served as the basis for the formation of a bank of savings and lending to the population, including legal entities. The financial institute consisted of 15 banks of a republican nature. At that time it was very problematic to say unequivocally, "Sberbank" is a commercial or state financial institution. Beginning in the summer of 1990, under the decree of the Supreme Council of Russia, the Republic Bank was officially recognized as the property of the Russian Federation. Already by the end of 1990, the financial institution was transformed into a battery. In 1991, it was already possible to answer unequivocally the question whether Sberbank is a commercial or state bank. After the institution became the property of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, it received the official status of a joint-stock commercial bank.

Moments of crisis and state aid

During the default period in 1998, the financial institution successfully copes with the problems not only by raising commissions for services, but also at the expense of state support. The shares of Sberbank are mostly owned by the Central Bank of Russia, which explains the government's interest in the functioning of the institution. A similar scheme of mutual support helped the financial institution to get out of the 2008 crisis . So, in 2010 the bank has already completely canceled commissions related to mortgages, consumer loans and car loans. Individuals were credited at individual rates. This situation caused difficulties in considering whether Sberbank was a commercial or state bank, since the institution offered a number of preferential programs in the post-crisis period.

Bank outside of Russia

In 2012, the largest bank in Russia has already received the title of leader in the issuance of credit cards. The volume of loans issued by that time was more than 150 billion rubles. In parallel, 7.6% of the shares were sold for a total of more than 5 billion rubles. The answer to the question: "Is Sberbank a commercial or state bank?" Lies in its structure. The financial institution has three subsidiaries in the territory of the CIS. The branches of the financial institution work successfully in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus. Representative offices are also available in Europe. This is Sberbank Europe AG with an office in Austria, DenizBank with a head office in Turkey and Sberbank Switzerland AG with an official representative office in Germany. Representation of the organization is still in India and China.

Activity of the bank today

The answer to the question as to whether Sberbank is a state or commercial bank is obvious. The commercial structure takes the position of a leader in terms of the volume of assets, as well as the number of settlement accounts of corporate customers, of which there are at least one million. Despite the fact that mainly shares of Sberbank are owned by the CBR, it continues to flourish as an independent institution, accounting for at least 45% of private deposits in the domestic market. Through the financial institution receive a wage of about 11 million people, the accrual of pensions is held for more than 12 million people. The financial institution installed about 19,000 ATMs and 70,000 self-service terminals throughout the country and issued more than 30 million plastic cards. The number of staff in the main office has long exceeded the figure of 240 people. The territorial network has 18 thousand units. The active development of applications "Sberbank Onl @ yn" and "Mobile Bank". The customer base of remote systems is at least 5.4 million users.

Total information

"Sberbank", whose system is very ramified, offers a wide range of services, ranging from different types of lending and ending with brokerage services. Among the clients of the commercial institute are not only private individuals, but also corporate clients, which account for 1/5 of the loan portfolio. The assets of the financial institution are differentiated as follows: the loan portfolio occupies 71% (73% of the loan portfolio is loans issued to enterprises and organizations), the securities portfolio covers 14%, cash on accounts and at the cash departments - 5%. Liabilities have the following structure: deposits of individuals account for 46%, balances on accounts of corporate clients - 23%, own funds within 15% and interbank loans cover 11%.

Form of ownership: "Sberbank of Russia" - commercial or state bank?

The documentary side of the issue is very contradictory. Let's try to understand gradually, "Sberbank" state or commercial bank. According to the type of its activity and based on everything written above, the structure conducts exclusively commercial activities. As for the form of ownership, it is state property. At the same time, the authorized capital, as property of the Central Bank, has the format of federal property. The commercial bank belongs partly to the state sector of the economy. In this case, the state does not bear any responsibility for the debts of the bank, and the bank for the debts of the state. The fact that the financial institution belongs to the category of open joint-stock companies, speaks of its commercial structure. According to the registration number of the enterprise, it belongs to the category of mixed Russian property with a part of the federal property.