Individual entrepreneurs in the system of formation of an effective owner of a privatized enterprise

The main goal of privatization, set at the first stage of transition to market relations and providing for a real variety of forms of ownership in the country, is basically achieved. At the same time, the strategic goal of this most important socio-economic process is to increase the efficiency of production, which has not been achieved for a number of reasons, both objective and subjective.

One of these reasons is that state ownership has not yet become the property of an effective owner, and existing individual entrepreneurs are not yet able to fully ensure the dynamic development of enterprises. The problem of finding and establishing effective owners, privatized companies interested in the rational use of resources; Attraction of investments, increase of its efficiency is a key and very urgent task.

Currently, the notion of an "effective owner" is not well established and monographic studies on this problem are practically absent. But according to the existing ideas, individual entrepreneurs with clear concrete goals and strategy of enterprise development can be considered effective , and who are able to solve the following tasks at the same time:

- in the competitive struggle to retain and expand sales volumes and the market segment occupied by the enterprise;

- ensure efficient development of the enterprise, profit generation and profitability, sufficient for extended reproduction;

- to direct a large share of profits to renew production, innovation.

To solve these problems, the decisive factor in the success of privatization is the effective management of enterprises, the effective operation of their managers who are able to make the right decisions on behalf of the shareholders' owners.

At the same time, the former head of a state enterprise, for example, can be considered as one of the main contenders for the role of an effective owner if he owns a large shareholding. At the same time, such managers of established JSCs on the basis of state enterprises are often not interested in solving the set tasks, since there are no specific criteria for the effectiveness of their work and adequate motivation to achieve specified benchmarks.

There are different concepts of ensuring the effectiveness of enterprise management , based primarily on foreign methods and offering different models based on business value analysis. VBM (Value Based Management) is widely recognized and widely used, which translates as "value-based management". In the concept of VBM, two groups of methods are distinguished. One group consists of methods that have a financial focus. In a balanced system, both financial and non-financial indicators are distinguished.

The concept of BSC (in the Russian-language literature, the SSP is a balanced system of indicators) is a management system that allows entrepreneurs to transform the company's strategic goals into an operational management plan and evaluate results using basic performance parameters.

The essence of the MTP is that the company's activities for a reasonable assessment are reviewed and evaluated by a system of four groups of parameters.

The first is based on standard financial indicators, reflecting the financial return on the invested funds.

The second - describes the environment of the enterprise, including market volume and market share in the target segment.

The third - reflects the internal processes of the company, in particular, the innovation process, product development, preparation of production, etc.

The fourth one - reflects how individual entrepreneurs are ready for learning and growth, considers factors such as information systems, procedures for interaction between participants in the process, ie. People with their abilities, skills and motivation.

The system of these indicators is the basis of strategic management, assuming the existence of a formalized strategy, the beginning of which is the registration of individual entrepreneurs on their own, assuming the path of movement and achieving the strategic goal as the final result of the economic cycle.

To implement such a strategy, individual entrepreneurs must develop a constantly functioning system of planning, selection and placement of executors and distribution of responsibilities. An important component of the strategy advocates, it should take into account the individual entrepreneur - reporting, which provides an opportunity to monitor the development of the business.

In foreign practice, there are a large number of examples of the construction of the SSP, both quite successful, and revealing the typical problems of the concept. However, models based only on foreign experience can not be applied at the stage of market formation in our country without adequate adaptation and significant adjustments, but it is necessary to try to use this experience to build an appropriate effective system of motivating entrepreneurs to adopt modern technologies for doing business.