HPS Boguchanskaya: construction manager, telephone, photo, flood zone

At the end of June 2016, in Russia, the new Boguchanskaya HPP, built on the Angara River, 444 km from its mouth, in the taiga-forest zone, was put into full design capacity. By capacity this station is the 5th in the country, and in terms of equipping with modern equipment takes first place.

Company address

The town of Kodinsk in the Kezhemsky District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the building base of the left bank, the unified base No. 1, building 1 is the exact address of JSC Boguchanskaya HPP. Telephone of this organization: (39143) 7-13-93. Also the necessary information can be received via e-mail secrdir@boges.kodinsk.kras.ru. Enterprise index: 663491.

A bit of history

The task for the construction of the Boguchanskaya HPP was approved by the USSR Ministry of Energy in 1969. Actually, the very construction of this important facility for the country began in 1974. The first builders of the station were employees of the Bratskgasstroy organization. They were sent to this facility from the above Ust-Ilimskaya HPP. Its construction was completely completed by that time.

According to the project, the capacity of the station was to be 3000 MW, and the pressure level was supposed to be brought to 208 m. The construction of the HPP under the project was scheduled for completion in 1992. However, unfortunately, the difficult situation that existed at the end of the last century in the country did not allow To bring it to the end. Due to a lack of funds, the pace of construction of the station began to decline gradually, and in 1994 it was actually frozen.

Later, the leadership of the country considered the project of erecting this station in two stages (in order to minimize costs). However, he did not receive the approval of Glavgosexpertiza. The construction of the station was resumed only in 2007 within the framework of public-private partnership. The Memorandum confirming the intention to unblock the Boguchanskaya HPP was signed by the company "Rusal" and RAO "UES of Russia" two years before. At the time of the station's completion, its readiness was 58%. The first two hydroelectric units were launched at the Boguchanskaya HPP in 2012.

Features of the station

Boguchanskaya HPP, whose photo is presented on the page, is an object truly grandiose. Its design includes two huge dams - rock-throw (1961.3 m) and concrete (828.7 m). Thus, the total length of the front of the station is 2,690 m. A motorway is currently running along both dams. That is, HPP performs the role of a reliable bridge across the Angara, and the only one within a radius of 130 km.

The station's dam has two spillways. The first (bottom type) is characterized by a throughput capacity of 7060 m ³ / s. The second spillway (surface) has a length of 90 m and can extinguish the flow passing through it.

The building of the hydroelectric station is characterized by a structure typical for such structures. It is located behind the station part of the dam. The length of the building is divided into 9 sections, each of which has one vertical hydroelectric unit with a capacity of 333 MW. Turbines rotated by the water flow drive the generators at 370 MVA. From them, electricity is supplied to step-down transformers with a voltage of 500 kV and 220 kV. The power is delivered by the station through the switchgear of the closed type, adjacent to the building of the SEC on the left bank of the Angara.

Performance

The aggregate capacity of the units of such a grandiose structure as Boguchanskaya HPP, at the moment is 3000 MW. The new Angarsk station generates 20% of all electricity consumed by the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Only in the first quarter of 2016, the hydropower plant supplied it in the amount of 3.126 billion kWh.

The maximum height of the concrete dam of the station is 96 m, the bulk height is 77 m. The width of the latter is brought to 20 m, and about 30.5 million m ^{3 of} ground was used for its erection

Organizers of construction of hydroelectric power station

Initially, the decision to erect this important station for the country's economy was adopted, as already mentioned, by the Ministry of Energy of the USSR. At that time the object was given the name "Boguchangasstroy". In 1993, on the basis of this organization, JSC Boguchanchasstroy was formed. In 2002, the company changed its name. At the moment the facility is registered as JSC Boguchanskaya HPP.

In the spring of 2006, an agreement was signed between RusHydro and Rusal on the implementation of the BEMO project, in addition to the completion of the HPP, which includes the construction of the Baguchan Aluminum Plant. The financing of both facilities was subsequently carried out through offshore companies. Such a scheme was chosen at the initiative of the concern "Rusal".

According to the Water Code of the HPP, Boguchanskaya is a federal property. Therefore, private companies financed only the erection of this facility. All costs for the preparation of the flood zone were assumed by the state.

Of course, not everything in the construction of such an important facility went smoothly. Against the construction of this station on the Angara, in particular, spoke Greenpeace. This well-known environmental society did not like the fact that the construction of such a large facility as Boguchanskaya HPP was conducted without preliminary passing the mandatory EIA procedure in Russia today. However, the construction of the station due to the claims of Greenpeace was not suspended. The organizers of the completion of the HPP explained the reluctance to undergo the EIA procedure by the current legislation. The fact is that the project of the hydropower plant was finally approved in the Soviet era. The norms of modern legislation, prescribing the conduct of an EIA, do not have retroactive effect.

The Public Chamber of Russia also expressed some concern about the construction of this facility. This organization, in particular, raised questions about the preservation of the historical and cultural heritage in the flood zone and considered cases of non-payment of compensation to farmers and non-provision of housing to the migrants.

Of course, the design of the station developed by Soviet engineers for 25 years is morally outdated. Therefore, the main organizer of the construction of Boguchanskaya HPP (or rather, its continuation) - RAO "UES of Russia" - in 2006 instructed the institute "Hydroproject" to carry out work to adjust it.

Initially, it was even supposed to raise the station's capacity to 4000 MW. However, due to the toughened requirements for the flood flow in our time, the Institute specialists had to design an additional spillway No. 2, which was not in the first project. As a result, the power of the station was again reduced to 3,000 MW.

Economic importance

To date, this new hydropower plant on the Angara is fully supplied with electricity by the newly completed Boguchansky aluminum plant, which produces more than 600,000 tons of non-ferrous metal per year. In addition, the station transmits power to the Taishet plant and to many other industrial enterprises in the Lower Angara region.

The flood zone of Boguchanskaya HPP: area

The ecology of the area, the erection of this hydroelectric power station has, unfortunately, changed quite seriously. After the completion of the station's construction, 1494 km 2 of land were flooded, including 296 km² of pastures, pastures and hayfields. The lost stock of arboreal shrub vegetation was 9.56 million m ³ . Another 10 million m ^{3 of} wood was cut down in the 1980s, when the station was started.

At present, the management of JSC "Boguchanskaya HPP" is compelled to eliminate, among other things, all sorts of environmental problems that have arisen after the erection of dams. For example, in the flooding zone, among other things, 96 km ^{2 of} peat bogs were under water. Of course, this ultimately caused pollution of the river. Peat as a very light material from some wetlands (their total area - 13 km ² ) began to simply float to the surface. As environmentalists suggest, this negative process will continue for at least another 20 years. At present, with a view to clearing the river, measures are periodically taken to tow and anchor the peat islands.

Reservoir

The area of the Boguchany reservoir is 2326 km ² . At the same time, most of it is located on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (1961 km ² ). The length of the Boguchansky reservoir is 375 km. At the same time, its total volume is 58.2 km ³ , while its useful volume is 2.3 km ³ . The filling of the reservoir during the construction of the HPP took place in two stages. In 2012, its level was brought to 185 m, and in 2015 - to a design 208 m. At the moment, the Boguchany reservoir carries out daily regulation of river flow and seasonal - lateral flow. The fluctuations in the level of this man-made sea do not exceed 1 m throughout the year.

Human settlements in the flooded zone

The construction of the Boguchanskaya HPP caused 29 villages and settlements to go under the water. 25 of them are in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and 4 in the Irkutsk Region. The largest flooded settlement is the district center of Kezma.

In total, 12 173 people were resettled from the flooding zone. Most of the people were taken from the territory of the future reservoir in the last century. In the 1980s, approximately 8,000 people were resettled from the zone. At that time people were provided with new housing both in nearby towns and in towns. In 2008-2011, From the flooded area, another 4905 people were resettled. This time, housing was provided only in cities. In 2012, 194 people moved to a new place of residence, and later - more than 1500 people.

Kodinsk

The loss of a large number of arable land and the need to leave the habitable places for thousands of people - these are the consequences that led to flooding. Boguchanskaya hydroelectric power station, however, to date, just a huge amount of electricity is extremely necessary for the national economy. In any case, it is believed that the construction of this important facility, despite the forced losses, was economically justified.

In addition, in the immediate vicinity of the station, a new large settlement was also built. They called the city of power engineers Kodinskoy who stood up among the taiga. Its construction began in 1977. By now, its eastern outskirts are located 8 kilometers from the flooded floodplain of the Angara.

In 2016 in Kodinsk, according to statistics, there were already about 16 227 people. In addition to the HPP, citizens have the opportunity to work at a local timber processing enterprise, LLC AllianceShield, JV "Biwa" and in the branch of LLC "DOZ Sibiryak +". In the city there are cinemas, schools, kindergartens, there are many shops of different specializations.

Archaeological and historical objects

Before the formation of the Boguchansky reservoir, large-scale excavations were carried out in the flooded area. Scientists have investigated about 40 thousand km ^{2 of} land and described more than 130 archaeological sites. In addition, ethnographic research was carried out. As a result, several important objects of wooden architecture were transferred from the flooding zone.

Where is Boguchanskaya HPP located?

This hydropower station enters the Angarsk cascade and is its fourth lower step. In addition to the Ust-Ilyinsky station, upstream from Boguchanskaya there are also the Bratsk and Irkutsk stations. This hydropower station is located in the Kodinskiy river section. In this place the Angara is crossed by a large rock massif from the Ordovician and sedimentary rocks of the Cambrian period. At the reservoir level, the width of the river is 2-3 km. The rocks in this place approach the channel very closely. On the left bank there are small terraces. The right one is very steep and steep. For the line itself (downstream), the Angara extends to 10 km.

Influence on the ecology of the region

Like any other HPP, Boguchanskaya has had a huge impact on the environment. Ecosystem of the area after the construction of this station has undergone significant changes. Even the river taiga landscape, which existed here for centuries, mostly changed to lake. This, in turn, led to a significant reduction in the number of rheophilic (preferring fast water) fish species. However, fortunately, the population of limnophilous (lake) populations has also increased.

The water quality in the reservoir itself is mainly determined by the purity indicators in the flood zone located above the Ust-Ilimskaya HPP. This situation is due to the low influx of the Angara in this place. According to environmentalists, rotting at the bottom of the reservoir of forests and floating peat, of course, the impact on water quality. However, of course, there is no need to speak about any ecological catastrophe in this case.

In 6-8 km around the reservoir, among other things, the climate has changed slightly. A large amount of water "amortizes" the weather. In the summer in the vicinity of the object it became slightly cooler, and in the autumn - it was warmer. Due to the discharge of water below the hydropower station, a long unfrozen polynya appeared in the river. The main negative consequence of this phenomenon was the increase of foggy days in the vicinity in the warm season.