Diseases of the eyes. Diagnosis and treatment.

Eyes - this is the most beautiful organ of the human body. Through vision, a person receives 80% of all information from the outside world. Therefore, the loss of sight of even one eye from a couple is a huge tragedy for any person. Reduction or loss of vision can occur as a result of congenital or acquired factors.

Eye diseases are classified as follows:

1. Congenital

a. Genetically determined

B. Hereditary

As a result of intrauterine infection

2. Purchased

a. Infectious-inflammatory

B. Injuries

at. Systemic (associated with another underlying disease)

Refractive (nearsightedness, hyperopia)

To date, statistics are such that over the past decade, eye diseases have become more urgent problem: the incidence of glaucoma and cataract in adults has increased significantly, and the percentage of myopia has significantly increased among children . Due to the large flow of incoming information per unit of time, the development of computerization, the spread of ventilation technologies and conditioning, and the use of various microwave technologies, the number of people with developing or developed dry eye syndrome has increased significantly . Which, in turn, often leads to rapid fatigue, rubbing in the eyes and loss of vision by the evening (presbyopia).

However, despite the increasing incidence rates, it should be noted that the development of ophthalmology (the science that studies eye diseases in humans) has made great strides in recent years. Every year, more and more new technologies are emerging for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of eye diseases.

Now appeared a huge number of private clinics that are equipped with foreign equipment and are able to conduct microsurgical operations at a very high level. So, for example, the removal of cataracts to date takes only twenty minutes, and a person can leave the clinic on the same day already seeing.

It is worth mentioning about the methods of diagnosis. Today, medicine has such equipment as ultrasound of the eye, optical coherence tomography (OCT), which allows you to see all the structures of the eye layer by layer at the level of tissues, fundus camera, through which you can see the whole picture of the fundus and take a picture of it.

Despite the fact that eye diseases are most often not fatal, people try to keep their eyes in every possible way and are ready to pay any money just to look at this world.

Treatment of eye diseases.

In terms of treatment, ophthalmic pharmaceutics also strides with leaps and bounds, each year new drugs are produced that can either cure or stop the development of eye disease.

In the pharmaceutical market, there are a great many different eye drops, ointments and eye tablets, including vitamins.

There are preparations of etiotropic (directed directly to the cause) purpose, antibacterial (Tobrex, Maxitrol), anti-allergic (Opatanol, Alomide), anti-inflammatory (Maxidex).

Currently, drugs aimed at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma, such as Travatan, Dourot, Betoptik, Asopt, Kuzimolol, etc., have become very popular.

To treat various degenerative changes in the retina (retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, posttraumatic central or peripheral degeneration of the retina of the eye), the newest drug Retinalamin is used in both adults and children, which stimulates the regeneration (restoration) of the cellular structure of the retina.