Cocci flora

Kokkis are spherical saprophytic bacteria. Among them there are pathogenic ones, widespread in nature quite widely. For human pathogenic are mainly staphylococci and streptococci. They are inhabitants of the respiratory and digestive tracts, mucous genital organs. The concept of "coccal flora" in no case can mean a pathological process. The vast majority of cocci coexists with a person in very peaceful conditions. Let us consider only those coccovy representatives that are harmful to humans.

First of all - staphylococci. Provoke the development of processes of a purulent-inflammatory nature. They have the ability to defeat absolutely any tissue and any organ. Lead among the rest, which is associated with the ability to develop resistance to any antibiotics. Quite resistant to the action of other factors (physical, chemical). Survive when heated to 80 degrees, when treated with a 5% solution of phenol. The gate for entry is damaging (even microscopic) of the skin, mucous membranes. They become the cause of pyoderma, abscesses, furuncles, angina, pneumonia, etc. Spreading causes sepsis. The incubation period is up to five days, but the disease can manifest itself in a few hours. The disease is always acute. The body is capable of producing immunity, but not very long.

Streptococci. Also culprits of inflammatory purulent processes, but already of a local nature. Cause angina, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, osteomyelitis, sepsis, face, scarlet fever, etc. "Thanks to" he develop rheumatism, nephritis, endocarditis. Survive with half-hour heating to 60 degrees. Steady endure drying. The path of infection is the same as for staphylococci. Strong immunity the body produces only after a cure for scarlet fever.

Meningococci. Infectious agents of meningococcal infections. Penetrate through the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The incubation period is seven days. The onset of the disease is acute.

Gonococci. Cause gonorrhea (venereal disease) and blennorei (inflammation of the eyes). Outside the human body, few are stable. Sensitive to heating (60 degrees with a duration of 30 minutes), drying, disinfection. The entrance gate is the conjunctiva of the eye, the urethra, the cervix of the uterus. Immunity is absent.

What is the cocci flora in the smear?

In women, normal microflora basically means the presence of lactobacilli of acidophilus, Daderlein's sticks, up to 10% of bifidumbacteria and up to 5% of peptostreptococci. A normal microflora can only be in an acidic environment that suppresses the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The presence of cocci in large quantities may indicate leaching into the vagina. The presence of peptostreptococci in small amounts (5%) is the norm.

Kokkova flora in men looks different. The norm is: epithelium - up to 10; Leukocytes - up to 5; In a moderate amount of mucus; Gonococci, candida, key cells - absent; Microorganisms cocci - in a single quantity.

Cocca flora is checked by taking a smear for analysis.

And now - "decoding" some terms.

"Lactobacilli dominate, gram-negative microflora, leukocytes, pseudo-hyphae, there are no spores, the presence of single normal epithelial cells is single, normal" is normocenosis, i.e. norm.

"The amount of lactobacilli is insignificant or moderate, Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative rods are available, leukocytes are found, macrophages and epithelial cells occur" - a norm, although some medical people consider the condition "borderline".

"The number of lactobacilli is insignificant (or absent), a variety of rods' gram-negative and gram-positive and microflora cocci," key cells "in existence" - the cells of the vaginal epithelium are completely covered by bacteria. "The number of leukocytes is significant when phagocytosis is expressed or incomplete" - vaginosis bacterial (or dysbiosis), colpitis (vaginitis).

"Gonococcus" - gonorrhea; "Trichomonases" - mycelium, trichomoniasis; "Spores" - vaginitis (mycotic).

The presence of coccal infection requires serious treatment under the supervision of physicians. Staphylococcal infections are treated with antibiotics, in which the spectrum of action is wide. In detecting sepsis, immunoglobulin is recommended, homologous antistaphylococcal plasma, if the form is chronic - staphylococcal anatoxin. Streptococcal infections are also treated with antibiotics. There is no special prevention. Meningococcal infections are effectively treated with penicillin. Gonococcal infections are treated with sulfonamides, penicillin, tetracycline. Forms of chronic difficult to treat. There is no special prevention.

After treatment, the coccal flora is checked again. Then another course will be needed - a recovery course, which will help normalize the level of lactobacilli, since the use of antibiotics adversely affects the microflora.