Classes for children 3-4 years in kindergarten. Activities for children at home

Three years. The kid has grown considerably. And he considers himself to be an adult. After all, his speech is well developed. He is completely open to the knowledge of the world, mastering knowledge and new skills. The kid feels confident in his abilities. He gladly accepts any classes for children 3-4 years old. At the same time, in his activity, the child displays intelligence, some perseverance.

This age is associated with the development of aesthetic abilities. Beautiful flowers, music, pictures, things admire the crumb.

The main tasks facing educators

Most children at this age go to kindergarten for the first time. This is a difficult period for any kid. After all, the familiar world is rapidly changing. Before the educator is an important task - to help the crumb faster adapt.

In addition, much attention is paid to the development of the child. Classes for children of 3-4 years in kindergarten are based on the alternation of physical, mental and creative activity. A great advantage of such training is strict compliance with the psychophysiological characteristics of age.

Along with the above-mentioned classes, educators in kindergartens teach an equally important sociological skill. It is about the ability to communicate rightly, willingness to make concessions, manifestations of tolerance to others.

Objectives of the training

All children at this age are characterized by a craving for knowledge of the surrounding world, phenomena occurring in it, various objects. It is very important that classes for children 3-4 years old be built in a playful form. At the same time, one should not forget that teaching a child follows only that which he can overcome.

Training is considered correct, somewhat outstripping development. Thus, the baby learns things that he has not guessed yet, but is fully capable of understanding. Competently built classes for children give a giant push for the development of the future personality.

The main directions of training:

• Development of attention, speech, thinking, memory;
• Teaching reading;
• The development of logic, the inculcation of skills to reason, the ability to draw conclusions independently;
• Training in mathematical basics, mastering of figures, accounts;
• Formation of ideas about the world around the child, development of horizons;
• Training graphic skills, preparing a baby for writing;
• Formation of skills of relationships with friends.

Recommendations for classes

It should be noted that not all babies go to kindergarten. In this case, every parent wants the child to develop harmoniously. Therefore, a rather urgent question arises - how to build classes for children 3-4 years at home?

Great complications in this development will not arise if the parents in their aspirations will follow certain rules:

• Awaken the interest of the child to the task. Useful is only what is performed with pleasure. Do not scold crumbs. With shouts you will only beat the last to hunt to learn.
• Do not leave the child alone with the task assigned to him. He can not only spoil (tear) a book or other ancillary material. It is quite natural that in a small head questions may arise that should be discussed immediately. And besides, the kid constantly needs support and approval. But about this the following rule.
• With all your strengths, let your child understand your daughter, how pleasant it is for you that he fulfilled the assignment correctly. Seeing your sincere joy, the child will try with renewed vigor.
• Consider a specific place for classes. The baby should sit comfortably for a small (strictly in size child) table. The right chair is the one from which the little student gets his feet to the floor.
• If one of the tasks turned out to be too childish for the child, leave it. Do not put pressure on the baby, trying again to explain a complex topic. It is necessary to skip such activities. For children, this is much better than without understanding the topic to agree with the parent, ready to break at any moment. Back to the difficult task can be a couple of days later. It is possible that by this time the child will "ripen" for him.
• Dosage your help. Do not substitute the child for the task. It is not necessary to describe in detail what should be done and how. Give the child the ability to show sharpness. If he comes to a decision on his own, such a skill will be deposited in a small head for life.
• It is very important to choose the right time for training. Classes for children 3-4 years should be conducted in a warm atmosphere, with great pleasure. Therefore, if the child is sick, hungry, tired or excited after other games, you should not sit with your studies. Choose another, more suitable moment, when classes will bring you both pleasure.
• When explaining the task, make sure that the child understands it correctly. If not, repeat. If the baby thinks slowly, do not rush it. On the contrary, give time to carefully consider the picture and navigate in the task.
• Did you notice that the baby does not want to make any effort by any effort? And only for this reason refuses to perform the task? You should insist on your own. In this case, you can work in turn. For example, you do the first job, and the second - the child.
• Be sure to come up to your studies creatively. Fill out your tasks with content interesting for the child. Ask the kid questions on the drawings or come up with a short story.

Physical development of the child

At the age of 3-4 years the baby is growing rapidly. Developing motor skills. There is great confidence in the movements. Children run perfectly, skip alternately on one leg. They are attracted by various gymnastic stairs. With pleasure they play the ball. The majority of children with excitement ride a bicycle (three-wheeled).

Adults, planning classes for children 3-4 years old, must pay attention to physical development. After all, the main goal - to grow a harmonious personality.

For classes you can use options such as:

• Charging (in musical accompaniment, with rhymes);
• Ball games (the child learns to roll, catch, throw);
• Walking (you can use a log, slide);
• Running (playing catch-up, with small obstacles);
• Jumping (classics, skipping rope, barriers, gum);
• Gymnastic staircases (using crossbeams, rings, ladder, rope);
• Swimming, water games (best of all - in the pool, at home - in the bath or on the beach);
• dancing;
• Mobile games (here you can come up with a variety of techniques, for example, look for a hidden "treasure");
• Skating on a scooter, a bicycle, rollers.

Creative Activities

All babies are happy to join the above tasks. How happy they are, looking at a masterpiece created by their own hands.

Classes for children of 3-4 years in kindergarten include:

• Applications (using fabric, paper, natural materials);
• Molding (from salted dough, plasticine);
• Drawing (pencils, paints, markers, pens);
• Crafts (made from fabrics, natural materials, paper).

Development of fine motor skills

It is very important not to miss this moment. Many parents who teach and play games for children 3-4 years at home, forget about motor skills. But in vain, because this skill is the strongest stimulus for the development of the child's memory, thinking, speech and attention.

Excellent classes are:

• Fastening, tinkering (you can use the usual fasteners, buttons, buttons, loops);
• Laying out drawings or patterns (from pebbles, cereals, shells);
• Games in the sandbox;
• Constructors, cubes;
• Various laces;
• Finger games (various gestures are performed for certain children's poems - clapping, squeezing, unclamping of jaws and others).

Role-playing games

Psychologists recommend starting from childhood to give a concept to children about sociology. These skills should be formed precisely in the process of story-role games. For example, consider the importance of classes for children 3-4 years on the topic "Tableware". Kids, especially girls, "try on" the role of an adult. This allows you to get certain skills that will come in handy in the future. Impressions deferred in children, allow to form the right values - the warm welcome of guests, the ability to serve the table. And some have future interests and hobbies.

It is easy enough to come up with a variety of role-playing games. Some of them:

• Game (with puppets, cars, planes);
• A puppet theater (you can also stage your favorite fairy tales yourself).

Development of logic

As noted above, the baby is already smart enough. Various problems pose great interest to him. Prepare a special material for these activities in advance.

Recommended topics:

• The concept of "one - many";
• Comparison "small object - large";
• Familiarization with the concepts of "top", "bottom";
• long short;
• Classification of objects (for example, groups - birds, trees, vegetables);
• high Low;
• color spectrum.

For such classes it is advisable to use prepared cards. As a rule, kids are happy to choose from the group of objects "extra", like to look for changes in pictures. I like to find the right pair.

Development of speech, accounts, reading

At this age, according to psychologists, it is already possible to introduce "educational" topics for classes. Children should be interested in the game form. Properly planning the "lesson", you can easily educate the child.

List of classes:

• Learning letters;
• reading;
• Study of figures;
• Account items;
• The addition of missed words in the poem;
• Retelling stories, fairy tales;
• A description of the picture, the subject;
• Guessing of riddles;
• Learning songs, poems;
• Listening to fairy tales.

The world

Putting into the child's head concepts about the phenomena of nature, various objects, you must not forget about the inculcation of morality. Develop special classes for children 3-4 years of kindness. Explain in a fairy-tale language that the kid understands, why it is necessary to care for, to help. Explain how to be friends. On the example of fairy tales, confirm that only a good relationship can overcome evil.

To introduce the child to the world around you, touch on the following topics:

• Animals;
• a family;
• Seasons, days of the week, month;
• plants;
• space;
• Geography (countries, rivers, mountains);
• Purpose of objects (edible or not);
• Measurement (weight, length, volume, growth);
• A person (available anatomical concepts);
• Household skills;
• Politeness, etiquette.

Conclusion

All classes for children of 3-4 years will not only help bring up a harmoniously developed personality, but also bring an incredible pleasure from the joy of communicating with the baby. After all, there is nothing more beautiful than rejoicing with the crumbs of his first works, discoveries. Especially if the kid "creates masterpieces" and in life, showing to others love, kindness and tenderness.