Cell nutrition and growth. Methods of cell nutrition

According to early studies in the field of health, the concept of "nutrition cells" was considered in a primitive sense. They said that it was just necessary for survival. A pier, a living creature needs a minimum amount of nutrients that must be present in the diet to prevent the appearance of outwardly visible malfunctions or obvious diseases. In the modern world, thanks to advanced technologies and the ability to look inside the body, it is possible to trace how nutrients enter the cell, what other processes are taking place there. Importantly, this new look helps to understand why a lack of important food ingredients can lead to low energy levels, early aging or illness.

What is a cell?

Cells are the fundamental units of life, of which all tissues and organs are composed. These smallest components constantly interact with each other, reacting to all sorts of signals. The nutrition of the cells of the body is vital, since if their functioning is not performed effectively, it can lead to a decrease in overall physical indicators, the appearance of diseases.

One of the many important functions that cells perform in everyday life is the preservation of DNA from destruction. In addition, they provide energy to the entire body. DNA is stored in the nucleus. There are many ways to keep it safe. However, studies have shown that improper nutrition of cells with low levels of antioxidants and other phytonutrients, combined with the environmental impact of toxins such as pesticides, can lead to DNA damage. This damage, also called a mutation, can affect the ability to produce energy. In addition, it provokes the appearance of inflammation of the tissues, their premature aging.

The role of nutrition in cell life

On average, an adult has about 30 trillion cells. Moreover, every day thousands of new units are replicated from old, worn out or damaged. Cell nutrition is the process of providing nutrient raw materials in order to create new and maintain old units. In addition, some nutrients also protect against damage and provide the body with the necessary energy. Despite the fact that cells of different tissues and organs can differ in shape, size, properties, they contain similar components that perform specific tasks.

Nutrition and cell membrane

A shell that encapsulates cells is called a cell membrane. It serves as a structural boundary, which protects the internal content from external interference and the entry of unwanted agents. At the same time, this membrane serves as a semipermeable filter, providing the process of cell vital activity, nutrition. Through it, nutrients can enter, and waste, on the contrary, is excreted from the body. All this promotes intercellular communication and coordination of all physiological functions of the body.

The membrane consists mainly of fats, which, being insoluble in water, form a natural barrier that forms boundaries and structures. The main function of lipids is the creation of form and structural stability. Another important component is proteins. They provide communication and serve as a means of attachment. For example, bone cells attach to bone tissue through proteins in cell membranes. Their important function is also signaling when taking nutrients and removing waste.

The main function of the cell membrane

Cells are the building blocks of all physical structures. Everything in the body - from hair on the head and up to nails on the fingers, as well as skin, blood, organs and bones - consists of cells. Their walls, called the cell membrane, are like the fences of a fortress that pass useful substances and repel something that can harm. And although they differ among themselves (the blood is different from the nerve, the bone is different from the muscular, and so on), they all have a basic structure and need such a vital process as feeding cells. This is the main source of energy and vitality.

Cell nutrition and energy production: mitochondria

The cell membrane surrounds the cells like the skin covering the body. In the same way, as in the body there are tissues and organs for performing certain functions, so each cell has its own miniature versions. They are called organoids. Some of the most important organelles responsible for the production of energy from nutrients are mitochondria. There are a lot of them in the body.

Each cell contains from several hundred to more than two thousand mitochondria, depending on their energy needs. For example, the cells of the heart and skeletal muscles, which have a very high energy requirement to support constant movement within the body, have 40% of their area occupied by these formations. On average, the human body contains more than one quadrillion of similar components. Unlike the outer membrane of the cell, each mitochondria has two membranes: the inner and the outer. The first consists of 75% protein - this is much more than any other cell border. These proteins are part of the electron transport chain and play a key role in the generation of ATP.

How does the process of nutrition at the cellular level?

Unicellular formations also have organelles similar to those found in more complex organisms. They are needed for the successful completion of many life processes. The central control function is directly connected to the nucleus of the cell, which has DNA and controls the synthesis of proteins in the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for the process of cellular respiration and the conversion of glucose into energy. Ribosomes guarantee the functioning of transport channels in the endoplasmic reticulum. The cell membrane selectively regulates the movement of materials.

Proper nutrition plays an important role in neutralizing harmful substances and maintaining health at the cellular level, as it provides cells with nutrients that serve as building blocks and protect important functions. For example, energy production. The peculiarities of cell nutrition are related to the work of each of its components. Nutritional proteins subsequently break down into amino acids, and then re-synthesized into new analogous substances. Some amino acids are also used for the production of signaling chemicals, such as hormones. Those, in turn, are an integral part of intercellular communications. Providing the body with enough important nutrients can help maintain the proper membrane structure.

Optimum cellular nutrition

An important process that affects the vital activity of the cell is nutrition. It should occur under optimal conditions. The basis for good health is the cell membranes. Just as building a house can not be imagined without laying a sound foundation, and a healthy, normally functioning body should have a solid foundation. Assimilation is the subtle process of getting nutrients into the cell itself through the membrane, which for optimal functioning must be healthy, soft and flexible.

What is a person for better cell nutrition? The life activity of each education begins with the use of healthy food from organic products. It rarely happens that the usual daily diet includes only the necessary substances and in the amount in which it really is needed. Here, high-quality nutritional supplements can serve a good service, which can increase the level of cellular nutrition to the optimum level.

Seven life processes

Each cell has several tasks that performs:

• Reproduction. Progeny is one of the most important life processes.
• Motion. The cell must be mobile. She is constantly in a position to change her form.
• Metabolism is the main biological process for self-preservation, which includes catabolic and anabolic processes.
• Breathing is the generation of energy for metabolic processes, the multiplication of cells and their so-called maintenance.

• Food. Eating can be done in various ways, depending on whether the organism is unicellular or multicellular.
• Homeostasis is a state of dynamic balance of the organism with its environment with the help of at least one of the five senses.
• Allocation is the disposal of the products of vital activity.

Methods of feeding different organisms

Nutrition is necessary for energy and growth. All living beings on the planet need food. But in their bodies the ways of feeding the cells can differ. Plants are able to create their own products through photosynthesis. They use sunlight to turn simple molecules of carbon dioxide and water into more complex carbohydrates. Animals, in turn, have to procure themselves food at the expense of other animals or plants. In this case, the reverse process occurs. More complex substances are broken down into small, simple, soluble molecules, which can later be used for energy and growth.

The human body consists of trillions of tiny building blocks, each of which in one way or another takes part in vital processes: breathing, energy production, movement, digestion, secretion, reproduction, and others. The cells are similar to miniature organs, each of which is surrounded by a protective shell. Sometimes it happens that nutrition and cell growth become impossible. This happens due to the insolvency of the assimilation of substances or the elimination of waste. In this case, the cell becomes toxic and can harm the body, not allowing it to function properly.