Bureinsky Reserve: photo and description

In the south of the Far East in the center of the Khabarovsk Territory, where the basins of the Right and Left Bureya rivers are located, there are picturesque places with taiga forests, bubbling rivers with stone rapids and mountain peaks covered with snow. Beautiful lakes and thundering waterfalls are pleasing to the eye, unusual plants and rare animals surprise with their uniqueness. The primacy of nature and its non-triviality prompted the creation in these places in 1987 of the Bureinsky State Nature Reserve.

Climate and vegetation

The reserve is surrounded by mountain ranges, where mountains and hills are replaced by flooding river valleys.

The weather changes during the year under the influence of monsoon winds. The dominance of the Siberian anticyclone in winter leads to the fact that the temperature drops to -45 degrees. In summer, on the contrary, warm air from the ocean raises the temperature to +38. Morozov does not happen only two months, the end of October is considered to be the beginning of the establishment of the snow cover.

512 different plant species are found in the reserve, not including mosses and algae. Twenty-two species of them belong to the unique and disappearing representatives of the flora. The list of them is diverse, the leading positions are occupied by rosaceous, composite, cereals and sedges.

293 species of mosses were recorded, one of which, Amoy creep, was unfamiliar to science. The group of lichens consists of 101 species, the most diverse of them are clusters lichens-cladonia, which are called reindeer moss.

Forest massifs located on the watersheds consist of coniferous species: larch and spruce. Sometimes there are deciduous forests, consisting of poplars and chozenia. The vegetation of the hills consists of willow and cedar woods, which also represent the plant world here.

Animal World (Bureinsky Reserve)

Briefly describing the animals inhabiting this area, it is worth highlighting some species. After all, the animal world of the protected area is no less rich and surprising than the plant life.

From the Far Eastern world of animals, a bird from the family of black grouses - dikusha, as well as the Amur waxwings are of particular interest.

There are a lot of animals and birds that live in the taiga and mountain tundra: brown bear, reindeer, sable, royal chiffchaff, tundra grouse, nutcracker. It is also possible to meet rare representatives of fauna, such as a small sparrow fowl or a Siberian angler.

In the regions where the Bureinsky Reserve is located, there are many rivers. There is a place for spawning taymeni, grayling, lenok. Bureya is the only river in the world where there are four varieties of beautiful and fast-moving grayling fish. It was here that for the first time Burese and coarse-scaly species of grayling were discovered.

Animals

Bureya is a mountain river and has a violent character. For those who first appear here, it seems kind, and after a while can wash off the tents and everything that was in them from the shore. In these places precipitation often occurs. Bureinsky Reserve is located in such impassable places that animals that live in the vicinity of Upper Bureya do not meet with a person, since he does not appear there.

In the mountains, the cedar stilt predominates, there are a lot of red bilberries and blueberries, eating them, the owner of the taiga is a brown bear, which is found in the river basin, before fattening into a den it fat. Himalayan bear is rare, it is listed in the Red Book.

In the upper reaches of the river, where the yagel, horsetail and mushrooms grow, lives a sokzhoy - a wild deer. Here you can also find a noble deer - red deer, roe deer, lynx and the smallest deer - musk deer.

In meadows with coppice in the lower reaches of the rivers, many roe deer, a large number of raccoon dogs and white rabbits.

A huge variety of fur-bearing animals: harza, ermine, otter, weasel, American mink, squirrel, sable. There are many wolves and raccoon dogs, and foxes rarely appear.

In the mountains, representatives of rabbits, pikas, often called senovets, often whistle.

Birds

Large animals of the Bureya Reserve on the Upper Bureya are not a major part of its "population". There are a lot of insects and arachnids here. Dwell here and birds, some of them fly to get offspring, and the other - living in protected areas all the time. Of mammals, most of the mouse-like rodents: voles, lemmings. Often raises the noise and nutcracker at the sight of a large animal or man.

The hazel grouse is found in the forests of the reserve from commercial birds. Due to large ponds, there is enough fish, which is fed by birds of prey. Many migratory birds, these are geese, cranes, ducks, herons and waders, which nest in the river valleys. Birds are found everywhere: near water bodies, near roads, in woods, in meadows. These are chibis, pheasants, storks, which are nesting in tall trees, standing among the meadows.

Birds that live near the water feed on amphibians (Far Eastern toads, frogs, frogs, Siberian anglers) and mollusks.

Reptiles

Reptiles are represented by a squamous group - lizards and snakes. From lizards in the reserve, as in all Primorye, there is only one species - a viviparous lizard, but the serpent is inhabited by three families. In the mountain valleys you can meet the Japanese horror, very rarely - the Amur slope, most often from non-venomous snakes there is a patterned skid.

Of poisonous snakes should be allocated shtomurtnikov and viper Sakhalin, which is listed in the Red Book of the Amur Region

Insects

The meadows of the reserve are lavishly populated by various insects. Grasshoppers, which number up to 50 different individuals. Butterflies are quite rare species, for example, ksuta. There are more than 20 varieties of dragonflies. A total of more than 1 thousand species of insects. All this splendor can be seen by visiting the Bureinsky Reserve.

Vegetation

In the reserve vegetative coverings are of forest, marsh, meadow, shrubby and mountain-tundra types. Most of the area is covered by forests and mountain-tundra plants.

The forest type of plants include larch forests, spruce, Chozenia-poplar creepers, creeping from the willow and cedar woods of the forest. The main species of the reserve forest is Gmelin larch. In the river valleys of large rivers, deciduous forests predominate, where fragrant poplar, heart-shaped willow, birch, and chozenia grow.

The message about the plants of the Bureinsky Reserve will be incomplete without a story about the specific natural conditions of the area. Permafrost, a sharp change in temperature significantly limit the growth of trees. In connection with the difficult terrain, vegetation is distributed on three levels: forest, podgoltsovy and goltsovy.

Genetic groups

The flora of this territory has a motley composition. There are five groups:

1. Nemoral - includes Asian purebred, Pennsylvanian lily, bushy forest, red-flowered wader.
2. Taiga-boreal - consists of sour, northern linnea, one-sided ramisia, one-flowered brain.
3. Angarid - consists of black head sedge, scrawny birch, Ledum, cut wormwood.
4. Beringian - it includes streptopovidny streptopus, udskaya clintonium, ayanskaya zorka.
5. Highland - to it belong golden rhododendrons, bluish Phyllodoce.

The Bureinsky Reserve collected a large number of plants on its territory, of which 59 sedge varieties are included, 37 rose-colored ones, 37 bluegrasses, and 44 composite flowers. Most of these plants grow in the limiting area of distribution.

Tourist routes

Bureinsky Reserve, whose animals and plants are of particular interest, attracts a large number of tourists. There are walking and pedestrian routes.

The journey begins with a visit to the Dusse-Alin Range and lasts 11 days. The best time to visit these beautiful places is in August and September. This is a walking route with a length of 80 km. Accommodation is organized in a tent camp and in huts. To participate in the excursion you need to evaluate your physical training (an intermediate level is required).

There is also a transport scheme for the route, which allows the group to be dropped on a Mi-8 helicopter from Khabarovsk to Lake Karbakhon, where the main camp is located. The journey time is 3 hours, and the distance is 550 km.

Organized and car delivery followed by a twenty-kilometer walk on foot to the area. By the time it takes two weeks.

On any route you can meet wild animals: brown bear, wolverine, musk deer and reindeer; See a kite, a stone grouse, partridge.

You can participate in an underwater dive to the bottom of the lake to a depth of 24 m. An alloy along the Bureya River is also organized. The main form of transport in the summer - rafts and boats, and in winter - snowmobiles and a helicopter, which you can fly to places far from the river. In the northern part is the old "royal road", now inactive. On the southeast side you can now find abandoned pack tracks.

Interesting places of the reserve

Bureinsky Reserve, a photo of the animal and plant life of which is presented in the article, has the main attraction - the Dusse-Alin ridge, rare in picturesqueness and magnificent relief. Sharp peaks end in mountains that have steep slopes. On one of the high ridges of the Amur region, mountain lakes have become unusually beautiful . Of particular interest are waterfalls that are on mountain rivers. Due to the great distance from the roads and inaccessibility wild nature here remained in its original form.

Lake Gornoye - one of the most beautiful places, is located near the border of the reserve. The deepest lake in the Amur Region is Karbakhon, which resembles an oval in shape. Only in him dwells flaxen-eyed. The bear glacier lake is surrounded by cliffs of granite, reaching a height of 100 m. Otherwise, this lake is called a "pearl" for the unusual pigeon of the water space and the unusual nature of the landscape around it.

In the reserve area, all violations of the plant and animal life were caused only by natural phenomena, therefore Bureinsky Reserve is considered one of the unique corners of nature.