Bunin, "The Village": analysis. "The Village", Bunin: the main characters

The most stable, organic, new in Bunin's creative work of the first years after the revolution of 1905-1907. Became an aspiration to study social reality. The works of these years involve us in deep reflections on the history of Russia, its people, the fate of the Russian revolution. There is an interpenetration of national, historical, contemplative-philosophical thought.

General characteristics of the "Village"

The story "Village", created in 1910, has such a complex content in the externally traditional everyday appearance. This is one of the first major works of Ivan Alekseevich written in prose. Over his creation, the writer worked for 10 years, starting work back in 1900.

Voronovsky described this work, which opens the village cycle in Bunin's work, as a study of the causes of "memorable failures" (that is, the causes of the defeat of the revolution). However, this semantic content of the story is not limited. The story of the doom of the Russian backwoods given in the "Village" is one of the most talented descriptions of the fate of the patriarchal order in the history of modern times. There is a generalized image: the village is the realm of death and hunger.

The task that the author has set for himself is to portray the Russian people without idealization. Therefore, Ivan Alekseevich conducts merciless psychological analysis ("Village"). Bunin had rich material for him, which gave the writer well-known everyday life, everyday life and psychology of the Russian backwoods. A miserable, poor life, for which the appearance of people - stagnancy, passivity, cruel customs - was observed by the writer, drawing conclusions, and also conducting a thorough analysis.

"Village" (Bunin): the ideological basis of the work

The ideological basis of the story is a reflection on the complexity and problemativeness of the question "Who is to blame?". Kuzma Krasov, one of the main characters, painfully beats over the solution of this question. He believes that there is nothing to exact from an unfortunate people, but his brother, Tikhon Krasov, - that the peasants themselves are to blame for this situation.

The two above-mentioned characters are the main characters of this work. Tikhon Krasov embodies the face of a new village owner, and Kuzma is a people's intellectual. Bunin believes that the people themselves are to blame for the misfortunes, but does not give a clear answer to the question, what should be done.

Story "Village" (Bunin): composition of the work

The story takes place in the village of Durnovka, which is a collective image of a long-suffering village. In this title there is an indication of the idiocy of his life.

The composition is divided into three parts. In the first in the center is Tikhon, in the second part - Kuzma, in the third one sums up the life of both brothers. On the basis of their destinies, the problems of the Russian village are shown. The images of Kuzma and Tikhon are in many respects the opposite.

Tikhon, being a descendant of serfs who managed to get rich and become the owner of the estate, I am sure that money is the most reliable thing in the world. This hard-working, sharp-witted and strong-willed man devotes his whole life to the pursuit of wealth. Kuzma Krasov, a truth-seeker and a people's poet, reflects on the fate of Russia, experiencing the poverty of the people and the backwardness of the peasantry.

Images of Kuzma and Tikhon

On the example of Kuzma Bunin shows the emerging features of the new people's psychology, Kuzma thinks about the savagery and laziness of the people, that the reasons for this are not only the complex circumstances in which the peasants fell, but also in themselves. In contrast to the character of this hero Ivan Bunin ("Village") depicts Tikhon calculating and selfish. He gradually multiplies capital, and on the way to power and prosperity does not stop at any means. However, despite the chosen direction, he feels desperation and emptiness, which are directly related to a glance at the future of the country, revealing pictures of an even more brutal and destructive revolution.

Through disputes, thoughts, conclusions of the brothers about themselves and their homeland, the writer shows the light and dark sides of the peasants' life, revealing the depth of the decline of the peasant world, conducting his analysis. "Village" (Bunin) is the author's deep reflection on the pitiable situation in the peasant environment.

The third part of the work is devoted to depicting the brothers at the time of the crisis - summing up the life results of the main characters of the work "Village" (Bunin). These characters are dissatisfied with life: Kuzma is depressed, and hopeless loneliness, Tikhon is concerned about the personal tragedy (the lack of children), as well as the destruction of the foundations of the village's domestic organization. The brothers realize the hopelessness of the situation in which they found themselves. Despite the difference in their characters and aspirations, the fate of these two heroes is similar in many respects: despite their enlightenment and prosperity, the social position makes both superfluous and unnecessary.

Author's assessment of the revolution

The story "Village" (Bunin) is a clear, sincere and truthful assessment of Russia during the writer's lifetime. It shows that those who are "rebels" are empty and stupid people, grown up in rudeness and lack of culture, and their protest is just a doomed attempt to change something. However, they are unable to make a revolution in their own minds, which remains hopeless and bony, as the author's analysis shows. The village of Bunin is a sad sight.

Image of the peasantry

Guys appear before the reader in all unpleasantness: beating up children and wives, wild drinking, torturing animals. Many durnovtsy simply do not understand what is happening around. So, the worker Koshel visited one day in the Caucasus, but he can not tell anything about him, except that there is a "mountain on the mountain". His mind is "poor", he repels everything incomprehensible, new, but believes that he has seen a real witch recently.

Teacher in Durnovka is a soldier, the most ordinary peasant in appearance, carrying, however, such nonsense that it was possible only "to plant by hands". Training seemed to him as an accustomed to strict military discipline.

The work "Village" (Bunin) gives us one more vivid image - the man of Gray. He was the most destitute in the countryside, with a lot of land. Once Gray built a new hut, but it needed to be heated in the winter, so he first burned the roof, and then sold the hut. This hero refuses to work, sits idle in an unheated dwelling, and children are afraid of lunches, as they are accustomed to living in the dark.

The village is all of Russia, so the work reflects the fate of the whole country. Bunin believed that the peasants are only capable of spontaneous and senseless rebellion. The story describes how they once rebelled throughout the county. It ended with the fact that the peasants burned a few estates, they "died and fell silent".

Conclusion

Ivan Alekseevich was accused of hating the people, he did not know the village. But the author would never have created such a piercing story, if he had not heartbroken for his motherland and peasants, as seen in the work "Village." Bunin wanted to show the content of his story all the wild and dark that prevents people and the country from developing.