Blue-green algae

Blue-green algae are represented by unicellular, filamentous and colonial forms. Their color depends on the level of pigments (chlorophyll, phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, carotene). Thus, they can be blue-green, olive-green or yellow-green, for example. They do not have a formed core and a chromatograph. Blue-green algae are represented by the following genera: nostok, oscillatory, gleyotrychia, anabena and others. All representatives have no sexual process and flagellate stages.

The genus nostoc is a nostoc. These blue-green algae are distributed on aquatic plants in small ponds, moist soil, are included in the composition of lichens. Their food is autotrophic, it consists in processing inorganic substances into organic substances. Reproduction occurs through spores or hormones (multicellular fragments). These blue-green algae are used for eating both animals (water) and humans. In Siberia and in the European part of Russia there is a nestle Slividny (edible).

Representatives of this genus, like, however, from most other blue-green algae, form colonies. Colonies are aggregations of individuals in very large numbers. All this congestion is immersed in the mucous mass.

Individual cells of algae gather in long chains. In the series of basic cells, colorless, larger intermediate ones are also noted. They perform a special task in reproduction. Cells in nostoc strands are divided all the time in half. Thus, the chains are lengthened, and the border (intermediate cells) are formed from time to time.

The mucus that surrounds the colony is of particular importance. So, when unfavorable external conditions occur, for example, the reservoir dries up, the slime dries up, forming a "case". At the same time, the cells that are inside it remain viable for a long period, turning into resting spores that are immune to drying or to cold. When favorable conditions come, they continue their usual life activity.

Many of these blue-green algae can live on land. They form their colonies on the walls of houses, bark of trees, in the body of other organisms (in a freshwater hydra, for example).

The genus gloeotrichia is a glototrichia. These blue-green algae are quite common in standing water bodies, they can also sometimes be found in brackish and flowing waters. Representatives of this genus inhabit both aquatic plants, and also live on fallen leaves. Some species are distinguished by an attached way of life, while others live freely in the water column. Nutrition of these algae is carried out phototrophically. Reproduction occurs with the help of hormones, spores can form. When these algae multiply in large numbers, the flowering of water is noted.

Genus anabaena - anaben. This genus includes a fairly large number of species. These algae are widespread all over the place. They can be found in ponds with clay bottom, in lake and pond plankton, in soils, in rain puddles. Nutrition in these algae is phototrophic. Reproduction of representatives of this genus is carried out by means of gormogony. These algae provoke flowering in the water. It has been established that representatives of the genus Anabene have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. It is also known that poisonous compounds are contained in certain species.

The genus oscillatoria is an oscillator. These algae are able to form plaque on objects located at the bottom of water bodies. Oscillillator films can often be seen on the water surface. These algae are inhabited by stagnant waters, damp walls, plankton, greenhouses and flower pots. The diet is phototrophic, and reproduction - by means of hormones. These algae are widely distributed, they can be found in different regions of Russia.