Blocking of differentials on the "field": electric, pneumatic, mechanical

In off-road cars, and "Niva" is an off-road car, the differential gives torque from the transfer box to the wheels and wheels. The frequency with which the wheels rotate can vary. If the mechanism is free, then in the event that one of the wheels slips on the other, an insufficient amount of torque will be supplied. In difficult areas it can sometimes be difficult to drive. To help off-road lovers comes the blocking of differentials. On the "field" you can lock the inter-wheel differential. This will significantly increase the patency.

Forced

Differentials often have a planetary construction. It is a worm-type gear. They can be of two kinds - the semi-axis gears or the driven and driving gears, or the satellites.

The drive gears can be arranged in parallel or perpendicular to the semiaxes. The differential can be locked in both manual and automatic mode. In this case, self-locking systems are used.

Kinds

There are several types of locking. So, with a full knot in the differential join in a very hard way, and the energy of rotation will be given to the one of the wheels, where the grip is better. There is also an incomplete forced interlocking of the inter-wheel differential. "Niva" allows you to limit the impact on the details of the mechanism, and the torque will rise on the wheel with better grip.

The element is locked as follows. The body is connected to one of the semi-axes, and the movement of the satellites is limited. With the help of forced locking, a truly complete locking of the wheels on one axle is ensured.

It is necessary for the machine to pass through very heavy and difficult areas. The drive mechanism can be mechanical, electrical or pneumatic. For example, the use of a cam clutch allows the body of the mechanism to be combined with the semiaxis.

While the driver did not turn on the system, the mechanism is in its normal operating mode. When it turns on, the torque will be uniformly distributed on each half-axis.

Types of compulsory systems

Several types of mechanisms are distinguished by the type of drive. So, today the pneumatic locking of differential on "Niva", mechanical systems and electric is established. You can also select self-locking devices.

In mechanical systems, control is carried out by means of a cable, compressed air is used in pneumatic, the electric motor controls the electrical interlock.

Self-locking mechanisms

Automatic locking of differentials on the "field" - not uncommon. These mechanisms are used quite extensively by off-road lovers, driving through mud and swamps. The locking process is carried out by means of an increased friction differential.

This device allows in completely automatic mode to lock the element at a certain point in time. This is something between a full lock and a differential in the free position. With the help of such systems, it is possible to realize both the first and the second.

Two groups of self-locking differentials

The first is those devices whose action takes place depending on the difference in the angular velocities on the axes. These are disk mechanisms, devices on a viscous coupling, mechanisms with electronic blocking.

The second group presents the mechanisms that are blocked depending on the difference in torque. These are worm differentials - a popular mechanical differential lock on the "Niva".

Friction

It is nothing but a symmetrical system equipped with special disks. Several of them are rigidly connected to the body of the unit. The rest of the disks are connected to the semiaxes. This system operates on the frictional force due to the difference in the frequency of the half-axis rotations. If the speed of one of the wheels is higher, some discs will also increase the frequency or speed. Partial locking of the differentials on the "field" will arise due to the frictional force between these elements. The free wheel will increase the torque.

Differential with viscous coupling

These are perforated discs in an airtight enclosure that are filled with a silicone-based liquid. The part is connected to the body, the rest is fixed to the drive shaft. When the speed of the shaft and the differential is about the same, the elements rotate together. If the shaft rotates faster, the disks that correspond to it also gain speed. The liquid mixes and hardens. As a result, the differential is blocked. Now on the car "Niva" 4x4 blocking the differential of this plan is not very popular.

Worm

This device also facilitates the automatic process. The differential will lock depending on the difference in torque of the semi-axle and body. If one wheel slips, then the torque on it will drop and there will be a blockage. Its level corresponds to the degree of lowering of the torque. These mechanisms are popular with the owners of "Niv" and fans of aggressive off-road driving.

On sale you can find products from the company "Val-Racing". These mechanisms receive good feedback from all those who have had time to use them. Such a system can be installed in the front axle for all classic models of VAZs, as well as for the Niva 4x4.

A new, revised range of locks from "Val-Racing" is a complete inter-wheel lock for the front axles, equipped with an electric drive. You can turn it on when the driver needs it.

"Simbat" system

This is an electric differential lock ("Niva" is going very well with it). To use just one button press, while the car must move at a speed of up to 5 kilometers per hour. When reaching 30 kilometers per hour, this lock will automatically turn off.

DAK - automatic differential Krasikov

This mechanism is built on a planetary principle. The role of the satellites here is given to the ball chains. Under normal conditions, the balls move through the channels and distribute the torque to the wheels equally. If the wheels have different resistance, the chains will close and the differential will be blocked.

The DAK system responds not to the difference in angular velocities, but to the load difference on the wheels. Suitable for most models, including the car "Niva-21214". The differential lock of this type is installed exclusively on the front axle of the SUV.

Blocking for Niva

This company offers the systems "Lockight" and "Locke" for cars "Niva". The design of the mechanisms is extremely simple, and therefore very reliable. The device consists of two semi-axial and two spacer couplings, pins and springs. Blocking of differentials on the "field" is carried out due to the torque or due to the rolling resistance. The Locke system is a 100% result. For the front drive, it is recommended to purchase a "Locke" with 22 slots with a diameter of 34 mm axle coupling, and for the rear drive also 22 slots, but with a diameter of 36 millimeters.

AutoFlame - pneumatic locking differential on the "Niva"

This is a reinforced differential for the front and rear axle. It has 4 satellites. Blocking of forced type with pneumatic drive.

Among the advantages of pneumatic drive - miniature. The entire drive fits in the gear housing. The drive operates at a pressure of 6 to 12 atm. This allows the use of pneumatic systems that are commercially available. Also, the pneumatic locking of the differential on the "Niva" is produced under the brand "Val-Racing".

Advantages and disadvantages of coercive systems

So, if it is disabled, then the differential operates in normal mode. The resource is the same as the original. As for the lock, it works 100 percent. You can easily pass heavy areas, while the driver fully controls the operation of the system.

These were the advantages, and now the shortcomings. Sometimes some systems are very difficult to install. In addition, the load on the transmission is greatly increased. And if the system is incorrectly applied, then the box can fail. The installed factory and home-made differential lock on the "Niva" significantly worsens controllability if it is misused. In comparison with a self-block it differs very high cost.

Advantages of the self-block

These systems are very easy to install, they cost half as much, the likelihood of failure is also very low. Among the disadvantages are the worst handling on corners and the inability to lock the differential completely.

Reviews

Although the price of this equipment is high, and the impact on the transmission is detrimental, locks are popular. What to choose to enjoy the ride? Products "Val-Racing" receives a lot of positive feedback. About the production of "Simbat" a lot of penalties about the reliability of the system. As for pneumatic locks, everything is also good here. Locke systems drivers are also very fond of for affordable price and ease of operation. But there are also negative reviews due to the use of the system on asphalt. On a good road it should not be used.

But in any case, even the worst factory is still better than the homemade locking the differential on the "Niva" or welding the mechanism with your own hands.

So, we found out what the element is.