Applied Science: What is it and what is their significance?

What are applied sciences? This direction is of great importance or not? Why are they needed? What did the applied sciences give us? Examples, as well as answers to these questions can be found in the article.

About science

The process of invention is often considered on the example of a one-way road . It has three sections. The first belongs to the fundamental science. In other words, a theory that deals with the justification of all observable processes, as well as with calculations, where and under what conditions can something be detected. Then there is a section of applied science. She is developing a technology by which something will be implemented. She solves the questions, how to get something desired, using the available knowledge. And do it as efficiently as possible. And the third site is the practical application of development where it is necessary and necessary. True, here it is necessary to take into account that the allocated funds are mastered quickly and in large volumes. But they return slowly and slowly.

Features

Applied sciences - this is a field of activity where the result is predictable and expected. When scientists begin to solve practical problems, they use the available knowledge (nothing new, as a rule, they do not need to know and do not have to). If the intended result was not achieved, it is often said that the performer is of low qualification or that he has not applied enough effort. But the version is not discarded and that the approach was adequate. Just did not have enough basic knowledge. In this case, the applied problem is re-qualified as a fundamental problem. But do not be mistaken and think that these sciences exist in pure form. When they are divided like this, it is necessary to understand that this means simply different proportions of the work of various scientific methods.

About the result

Applied sciences - this is the field of activity, which is aimed at achieving the practical goal. In the modern world, they understand a business project, even if the end result is the solution of a social problem. The role of the customer and the investor is the organization that wants to achieve a certain goal. Speaking about the state, he is interested in the following aspects: defense, public medicine, space exploration, infrastructure projects and so on. Business, however, finances research only if it has an understanding of what it will receive and how it can be used to make profit in practice. In the case of a shortage of specialists, the University of Applied Sciences (or even several such organizations) comes to its aid. Their task is to provide or to order to prepare specialists who will be able to solve a number of practical problems in a certain field.

Example

We have already given enough attention to the theory, which tells what the applied sciences are. Examples will help us understand them even better. Let's look at atomic projects. When the task is set to create a nuclear weapon, it is solved as a business project. So, the personnel are selected (not only scientific, but also managerial). Then the terms, the amount of funding are determined, the chain of tasks is built, which leads to the necessary result. The necessary institutions are being created (we can use Kurchatov as an example). In the industry new enterprises are organized, which deal with raw materials, materials, equipment and end products. To manage and coordinate the whole mass of people and processes, create governing bodies. Thus, a complex project is created.

Working Peculiarities

When new projects are created, which are applied in applied sciences, this does not lead to attracting new tasks of academic institutions. Yes, scientists are recruited from them, but only those who are ready to work in new rules, when there is no freedom of scientific creativity, and sometimes there are significant limitations for each individual. Those who are not ready for this are left in the sphere of fundamental science. But who agrees to apply knowledge in practice, is usually rewarded with significant material benefits. Also, this is accompanied by maximum favored by the state.

Present day

At the moment, alas, there is still no such situation that the fundamental and applied sciences are consecutive stages in one process. At the moment they are different spheres of human activity.

Let's look at applied economics. At the moment, monetarist methods are used by the states to regulate the economic life of the country, the "youngest" ones of which date back to the 30th years of the last century. They consist in regulating the mass of money, the interest rate on bank loans and so on. But a long time has passed, many other concepts and methods have arisen, which theoretically (and sometimes practically) focus on the fact that attention should be paid to such things as human capital. Although it has a longer term of return, but at the same time is more efficient, stable and reliable.

Something similar can be said about applied jurisprudence. They have proposed a number of significant improvements (for example, direct democracy through the use of a computer, the possibility of remote applications using the Internet, and so on). Of course, in many ways they work with other sectors of science (for example, information technology). But together they allow to create a more perfect mechanism for public administration and legal relationships.