Application of decorative plasters. Methods of applying decorative plaster: a master class

Building materials for finishing the room and in particular the walls there are a lot of. A special niche among them is decorative plaster. It is considered to be the best material for wall finishing, as it is easy to apply and gives an effective result.

What is decorative plaster?

Plaster, simple or decorative, which is a sand-cement mortar, has the form of a paste, which is applied to the walls. Its composition can be different. The appearance of fungus and mold on the walls is excluded, since the composition of this building material includes bactericidal preparations. In addition, decorative plaster, the price of which is very acceptable, has a high resistance to fires and high humidity.

The plaster finish insulates the walls in the room, and most importantly - aligns and decorates them, because with it you can create intricate patterns and give the surface a different shape. The walls after such finishing look unusual, beautiful and solid, and their support in a well-groomed form does not require much effort. It is enough to wash them with detergent. Due to the elasticity of the material, cracks will not form on the surface of the walls.

Composition of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster still called artistic or structural, it gives the walls a beautiful finished look. All types of finishing material are divided according to the type of binder, that is:

1. Mineral . The basis of the mixture is lime, which adds stone crumb, marble flour, colored clay.
2. Gypsum . It is used quite seldom, as it quickly freezes and this creates some problems in the work.
3. Acrylic or polymer. The basis of these mixtures are acrylic resins.
4. Silicone . This coating is made with additives of appropriate resins.
5. Silicate . The mixture is based on silicon organic.

A place where decorative plaster meets - a bathroom, a living room, a bedroom, an entrance hall. It is used almost everywhere. The components in its composition determine the structure of the finish, these are:

1. Crumb of marble, quartz, granite fraction of 0.5 to 5 mm.
2. Fiber from cellulose.
3. Plasticizers.
4. Pigments.
5. Flock.

Before making decorative plaster, antifoam, thickener, antiseptic and various preservatives are added to the finish mix to give the material better characteristics.

Finishing results with decorative plaster

With the help of artistic processing of walls, you can achieve a change in the interior of the room, as well as create a picture or a picture. Before the application of decorative plasters, It is necessary to have a clear idea of the future of the interior, to study the entire range of decorative mixtures and familiarize yourself with the samples of materials presented. Artistic building materials, except for the creation of various drawings on the walls, allow imitating the effect of finishing with natural stone, marble, granite or wood. Decorative plaster is classified into several types:

1. Structural mixture . It is a granular base with a mineral or silicate astringent. Also in this composition are pebbles, granules, wood fiber.
2. The Venetian . This plaster imitates marble. It consists of marble flour and an astringent - lime.
3. Liquid wallpaper . This type of cover is considered a newfangled form of artistic wall decoration. Paint with latex imitates various wallpapers and creates an effect under the "old days".
4. Flock is a finish of colored crumb, applied to the glue.

Based on this classification, you must choose for yourself the most appropriate method of wall finishing. Do not forget that decorative plaster is represented in the construction market with a whole gamut of shades and colors.

Finishing Material Selection

When choosing this or that type of plaster, you need to pay attention to the following details:

1. It is inconvenient to work with the liquid composition of the mixture, since it is impossible to dilute them with water.
2. A solution with a large filler is applied only by hand.
3. Any decoration with decorative plaster, containing various sized crumbs, is much more difficult.
4. Plaster mixes based on water are the safest.

Tools required for finishing work

Decorative plaster can be prepared by diluting the dry mix in water or in a special solvent. Decorative plaster interior is used for interior finishing only, another kind of material is used for outdoor works. For finishing the following materials are needed:

1. Rollers and brushes for decorative plaster.
2. Stainless and plastic trowels (special blades for leveling mortar).
3. Putty knives, trowels.
4. Capacity for preparing the mixture.
5. Textural stamps.
6. Applicators, brushes, sponges.
7. Sandpaper.
8. Sprayer for flock.

Surface preparation

Prepare the surface of the walls on which it is planned to make decorative plasters, as well as before finishing with ordinary plaster, that is:

1. The surface must be clean and dry. It is necessary to remove old wallpaper, peeling paint and other. The wall is sanded with sandpaper.
2. If there are stains of rust, silicone, grease on the wall, they must be removed. If the metal can not be removed from the wall, then such a surface must be insulated.
3. If there are cracks in the wall, they are recommended to be closed, for example, with a mixture of gypsum.
4. Prepared in this way, the surface must be treated with a primer. This in the future will strengthen the bearing layer of the plaster layer and increase the service life of the wall covering. Priming the surface is desirable several times and using the acrylic compositions. Before the direct application of decorative plasters, the surface of the wall must dry.

Decorative putty

Today, the decoration of walls with decorated putty is very common. Smooth shpatlevochnye mixes are put by a spatula in style of the Venetian plaster or imitating furnish by a stone or a marble. There is also a decorative plaster made of ordinary putty. To create a relief pattern, you need to use notched trowels, structural rollers, brushes and other tools that create volume.

Methods of decorating walls with putty

There are many ways of forming artistic cover for walls, some of them are presented below:

1. Plaster is applied to the wall in an even layer of a couple of millimeters. The relief is smoothed out in circular motions.
2. Decorative plaster from ordinary putty is used in work on this principle: with a small spatula the mixture is applied to the walls in different directions, as if drawing with a brush. You can move chaotically or in a certain direction.
3. One of the simple ways: applying the plaster layer with a special spatula with denticles. Smoothing out a moist mixture, they paint a simple pattern.
4. Having gone through the plaster with a roller or sponge, you can also get a unique pattern and texture.
5. To create a specific pattern, you can use special stamps.

The execution takes 20-30 minutes, as the plaster begins to dry out. The outer coating of putty will resemble the application of decorative plasters on the wall. In the end, only the final finish will remain.

The final stage

After the plaster is applied and the pattern is created, it is necessary to primer the wall with a white primer and let it dry for about 2 hours. After that you can start painting. In order to emphasize the volume of the created relief, use two matching colors and the following tool: a roller with a long pile that will color all the irregularities in a monochrome hue, a roller with a short pile for protruding parts of the wall relief. After the ink has dried, the glaze is applied with a sponge. Then the whole surface is covered with acrylic lacquer.

If you practice a little, then it will be difficult to distinguish the coating on the wall, made from improvised materials, from expensive and refined finishes. Decorative plaster, the price of which depends on its composition, so it is so common. Plus, there are many options for decorating the walls, in each room you can create your own special relief.

Carrying out any plastering works requires certain skills and correct sequence of activities. As for the quality of the decorative coatings obtained, it directly depends on the qualified selection of materials and mixtures. This article will help you answer questions about decorating walls, you will also learn how to make decorative plaster, what to look for when buying. But in any case, the consultation of specialists in this field of activity is necessary.