Action plan for the prevention and elimination of emergencies: main activities

Among the unpleasant phenomena of our time are extraordinary situations. They can be of a different nature, and consequences depend on it. There are measures to protect and eliminate such situations.

Legislative standards

The law has rules of conduct in the event of an emergency, as well as recommendations for their prevention. All enterprises, institutions, organizations have a duty to plan protection against adverse consequences.

The Ministry of Civil Defense includes an action plan for the prevention and liquidation of emergencies. The document outlines the scope, procedure, methods and time of implementation of measures to protect people from accidents and disasters. Rules of conduct in such situations will help to act in an organized manner.

Planning Rules

Prevention of emergency situations requires careful preparation for such activities. It is important to select the officials who will carry out this work. It is mandatory to organize meetings on the topic of emergency response.

During preparation, the methodology for forecasting accidents is determined. Natural ES is usually analyzed on the basis of long-term observations, statistics. You can get the necessary information from Roskomgidromet. For the work involved members of the CoES of the facility. For the preparation of the document, the following are involved:

• The main specialists of the facility;
• Heads of departments;
• Chairman of the evacuation;
• Chiefs of special services.

At the final stage, the document is approved and approved. It is created with a GOSS, the head of which signs the plan.

Types of emergency circumstances

The action plan for the prevention and elimination of emergencies is required to be used in the following cases:

• natural Disasters;
• Accidents;
• Environmental disasters;
• Military, political, social disasters.

Any of these situations have a disastrous effect on the state of people, as this disables various spheres of life. After this, a fairly long recovery is required.

Features of Technogenic Disasters

Completely meet the needs of a person is very difficult, but for this conditions are created. Therefore, many enterprises develop, which have a disastrous effect on the life and health of citizens. Technogenic emergency situations are represented in the form of accidents. This can be a breakdown of transport, transmission lines, communication structures, as well as damage to industrial equipment.

Adverse events include emissions of chemicals that cause great harm to humans and nature. A disaster is considered bigger than an accident. Dangerous are environmental technogenic emergency situations, in which changes in nature occur due to the activities of enterprises.

Principles of Elimination

The action plan for the prevention and liquidation of emergencies includes the implementation of emergency rescue operations necessary to save people, reduce the damage, localize the areas of danger. In such dangerous situations, the following activities are necessary:

• The choice of routes of movements and territories of work;
• Localization of fires;
• Suppression of negative factors;
• Extraction of injured people;
• Performance of medical care;
• Sanitation of people.

Emergency rescue activities are performed in a short time. This is due to the need to provide rapid medical assistance to the victims, with a reduction in the number of destruction.

Rules for protection from emergencies

The action plan for the prevention and elimination of emergencies includes rules for protecting the public from such phenomena. They assume the consideration of possible dangers, natural and climatic conditions. Protection is provided through enterprises, institutions, organizations, where the threat has appeared. The necessary measures include:

• Alerting the population of the threat;
• evacuation;
• Engineering protection;
• Prevention of radiation and chemical threats;
• health care;
• Training of people.

These are the main measures necessary to protect the population from hazards. Education rules of behavior in emergencies start in school. Competent behavior will avoid many unpleasant situations.

Protective constructions

Shelters are needed in peacetime and wartime to protect people from dangers. This reduces the threat to the population. The facilities allow the evacuation of a large number of people. Shelters are divided into:

• Purpose: for property, equipment, people;
• Constructions: open, closed.

Reliable methods of protecting the population include asylum. For some time people can be there safely. Inside everything is equipped to preserve the life and health of people. With them, the population is protected from radiation, chemical accidents, smoke. The shelter can contain emergency rescue units, places for food, collection of victims. Protective structures and necessary rules allow to reduce the impact of negative consequences.