Accounting of settlements with different creditors and debtors, a bank account. Settlements with suppliers and contractors

In the process of conducting business operations, it becomes necessary to settle accounts with other debtors and creditors. In the chart of accounts, a summary is used to summarize this information. 76. It reflects the debit or credit indebtedness that arises in the process of mutual settlements with other legal entities that are not included in the accounting accounting registers.

Why are some counterparties accounted for on account 76?

In the methodology of accounting, there are groups of registries that take into account settlements with different legal entities and individuals. One of these registers is cc. 76, which is called "Settlements with different debtors and creditors". All operations connected with property insurance, settlements for various claims, dividends, deposited salary, as well as money amounts withheld from the salary of a hired employee in favor of a third person are collected here.

Separate accounting of settlements with different creditors and debtors helps to qualitatively analyze the movement of funds that are indirectly involved in the organization of the production process.

On which groups the account is divided 76

Depending on the type of calculations performed, 76 different sub-accounts are opened for each type of operation. This division allows the most realistic reflection of the cost picture and redistribute the costs to other accounts. On the turnover-balance sheet in the context of the sub-accounts is clearly visible debt, which, perhaps, need to take action.

Sub-account for the reflection of insurance costs

Obligations under the calculations considered on the first subaccount, concern to personal and property insurance. This group includes all expenses that the company incurred in connection with insurance of fixed assets or personnel. The only exception is insurance premiums accrued from the employee's salary. Insurance costs on property are reflected from the credit side in correspondence with the accounts of general economic expenses. When funds are transferred to insurance companies, amounts are transferred to debit. 76 in correspondence with сч. 51.

There are also other reasons, as a result of which the money falls on the debit of the account 76. For example, there losses are written off from the company's damaged property. Accounting for settlements with different creditors and debtors, depending on the damage suffered, reduces the credit balances of fixed assets or commodity-material values.

In the debit of insurance costs, reimbursements fall under the voluntary insurance contract for employees. Such amounts are transferred from the sc. 73 "Settlements with the personnel for other operations". When the money is received on the company's account, insurance premiums are credited by acc. 76.1. If a part of the accrued insurance indemnities is not compensated in connection with various situations, the balance of funds is transferred to other expenses (item 91.2).

How in accounting records claims are reflected

In the process of working with commercial partners, various claims may arise, related to the failure to fulfill contractual obligations in terms of the delivery of goods, transportation or late payments. For such operations, a second sub-account is provided, which has an analyst in the context of each individual claim. Accounting for settlements with different creditors and debtors on claims made is carried out on a debit balance. Requirements may be presented to the suppliers of raw materials if there is a discrepancy in the technical description, as well as in the case of inadequate quality of materials and spare parts.

Also, troubles may arise in the transportation of finished products. When processing primary documentation, there are times when the amounts set out for payment do not correspond to the tariffs stated in the contract. Such deficiencies can be caused both by a deliberate overestimation of value, and by errors in arithmetic. These claims are recorded in correspondence with sc. 60 "Calculations with suppliers and contractors" or using accounts of various production stocks.

If the logger delivered the goods that do not correspond to the quantitative values in the invoice, then such a situation is also customarily attributed to the claims. The calculation of calculations related to the shortage or surplus of consignments is discontinued from the balance sheet. 60, which reflects all calculations with suppliers and contractors.

Separately, it is worthwhile to talk about such an expense item as fines and penalties. This type of claim is quite frequent, as when concluding contractual obligations, the parties always prescribe special conditions for non-compliance. To write off such claims, the invoice is applied. 91. Those amounts of claims that remained unrecognized payers are not used in accounting.

Marriage in production or simple is also common. Such business transactions are debited to acc. 76.2.

Settlements with debtors and creditors, account 76.3 "Dividends"

To the accounting sc. 76 there is a special sub-account, which accumulates calculations for dividends accrued to the company in connection with equity participation.

All incomes of this type that are subject to distribution are reflected in the debit of an ac. 76.3 in correspondence with the account of non-operating income. The monetary assets received on the current account transfer 76 accounts in the account assignment with 51 accounts on credit .

Where unclaimed employee salaries are written off

To account for unclaimed amounts of wages, an invoice opens. 76.4. This situation can arise in the event that the employee was unable to appear on time for money, and cash remained in the cashier's office. The remaining amount of earnings is reflected in the credit of the account 76.4 in correspondence with the account for remuneration of labor (item 70).

What is the inventory of settlements with debtors and creditors for?

In accordance with the law, companies must conduct an inventory of the debt at least once a year. Such an operation is most often performed before the balance sheet is drawn up. Inventory results help to verify all balances on accounts and contractual obligations. They are formalized by a two-sided reconciliation statement.

In the accounting policy of the organization, the number of such inspections, terms and procedure are fixed. Inventory plays an important controlling role, helps to reduce the number of "dead" payments and get rid of bad debts by forgiving a partner.

What is doubtful debt

Doubtful can be called any debt, the payment deadline was missed. In this case, it is worth considering the fact that if a taxpayer has an overdue accounts payable to the same partner, then such a debt is not doubtful. Perhaps, to resolve this situation, it is enough to secure counter obligations. The debt, which was considered doubtful, can be written off unilaterally after the expiration of three years ago.

Analytical accounting of settlements with different creditors and debtors allows you to timely adjust the tax base, and with it you can determine the size of the reserve fund, which must be created when identifying doubtful debts.