Academicians of RAS: list. Full members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Elections of academicians of RAS

Academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, whose list is replenished every year, are the holders of the highest status in the domestic science. A citizen of the Russian Federation who publishes scientific works of great public significance in all kinds of fields of knowledge can count on the title of an academician. In 2017, in Russia, almost a thousand academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, to be precise - 932. According to the statute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, their main and only goal is to enrich science with their achievements.

How to become an academician?

The Russian Academy of Sciences provides for two levels for its members. Who are they, RAS academicians? The list of these people is constantly updated. The lowest degree of membership is the title of corresponding member, the highest - the academician. The same practice was applied in the USSR. Foreign citizens can also enter the Russian Academy of Sciences. For special merits. In this case, they will be called foreign members of the academy.

Elections of academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences are based on the number of corresponding members. Only academicians have the right to vote. This title is given for life. The last elections were held very recently - on October 25 last year. Their main distinguishing feature is a high percentage of admission of new members with a mandatory condition - an age restriction. Today the rate for rejuvenation is made. Therefore, a large number of scientists came to the polls of academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, who at the time of voting did not turn 61 years old. They had a significant advantage.

Being a member of the Academy of Sciences is the highest award given for special merits in science, serves as a kind of public recognition. There are also financial advantages. Monthly addition to the salary of 100 thousand rubles.

Number of academicians

In 2013, the number of academicians increased significantly, after academicians of the medical and agricultural sciences were included in the RAS academicians. Thus, their total number for today is, as already mentioned, 932 people.

If we consider how many academicians in the Academy of Sciences were elected exclusively through the Academy of Sciences, then there are 527 of them. The percentage of women is low at this - there are only 13. 73 scientists continue their membership since the times of the USSR.

The oldest academician is the philosopher Teodor Oyzerman, who in May 2016 turned 102 years old. At the opposite end of the list is the physicist Grigory Trubnikov - he is only 40 years old. Of the Academy's current members, the youngest at the time of the election was another physicist, Alexander Skrinsky (32). And in the oldest age of this title was awarded the physiologist Lev Magazanik. He was 85 at the time of election.

Academician with experience

At the moment the metallurgist Boris E. Paton is the longest academician of science. He is 98 years old, he was born in Kiev. In the capital of the Ukrainian SSR he graduated from the Polytechnic Institute, becoming an electrical engineer by profession. Followed in the footsteps of his father to work at the Institute of Electric Welding, bearing the name of his father - Eugene Oskarovich. During his career he became the author of more than 400 inventions.

His scientific interests are related to the processes of automatic and semi-automatic welding, he also represented and developed the theory of creating automatic machines for arc welding, investigated the conditions of arc burning.

Today, Academician Paton works with cybernetic devices, and also works on the creation of welding robots. In the priority among the problems he is studying - welding metallurgy, as well as obtaining new and improving existing metals.

One of his merits - the creation of a special field in metallurgy - special electrometallurgy. He personally led research in this field, dealing with sources of heat in welding machines.

Advances in Oncology

In 2004, Academician became Davidov Mikhail Ivanovich - professor, oncologist, surgeon.

He received a high evaluation of the scientific community due to the success in developing methods for treating various cancers. In particular, tumors of the esophagus, stomach, lung.

His merit - the use of new methods - an anastomosis (the connection of internal volumes of hollow organs). Thanks to this, doctors manage to establish interaction between intestinal areas or vessels. His new technique is distinguished for its originality, while being as simple as possible in technical performance.

Davydov, Mikhail Ivanovich achieved significant improvement in the consequences of treatment of stomach cancer, lung and esophagus. For the first time in oncosurgery, he began to perform surgical interventions with the pulmonary aorta or hollow vein, achieving excellent results.

The oldest

Theodor Ilyich Oyzerman is today the oldest academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In May of last year, he was 102. He was born in the year of the outbreak of World War I in the small village of Petrovechenka, Kherson province, now it is the Odessa region.

His father in 1922 died suddenly from typhus, and the young Theodore went to work as a boiler-boy's student at the locomotive repair plant.

In the 30's he moved with his mother to the Vladimir region, as in Ukraine she lost her job as a teacher because she did not know the national language. The so-called "korenizatsiya" campaign was conducted by the Soviet government in the 1920s and 1930s. His mother goes to school again, and Theodore goes to the metalworking factory with an electrician. In parallel, he writes stories and is published.

In 1937 he received several positive reviews of his works from the camp of the Russian emigration, in particular from Georgii Adamovich. However, the state publishing house refuses to publish the collection of stories "At Peksh", and Oizerman throws literature.

After that, he goes to study at the Faculty of Philosophy in the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History. At the same time he works as an electrician. Defends his thesis in 1941 on the teachings of Marx.

During the Great Patriotic War he sent to the front, receives a concussion in the battles on the Kursk Bulge. After defeating fascism in 1951 he defended his doctoral dissertation, and in 1966 became an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Deeply studying the work of Kant and Hegel.

The youngest

Academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, whose list is of interest to many today, most of them are elderly people. However, there are exceptions. For example, the physicist Grigory Vladimirovich Trubnikov.

He received his higher education in Lipetsk. Then he worked in Dubna, in 2005 he defended his thesis. The theme of his research is charged-particle accelerators.

In 2012 he became a doctor of science. His scientific interests also include electronic cooling of beams, their generation, storage rings, and also object-oriented programming.

Academician at the age of 32

Скринский. Earlier all of the living academicians, this rank received another physicist - Alexander Nikolayevich Skrinsky. He was born in Orenburg in 1936.

He dealt with problems of experimental and applied physics. He studied accelerators and high-energy physics. With his participation, the newest types of colliders were developed and created. Since 1968, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. At that time he was only 32 years old. Two years later he received the title of "Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences".

Later he developed the method of electron cooling and detection of polarized beams. He played a decisive role in the development of applied physics, as well as in the creation of new types of laser and the production of beam technologies.

Physiologist-Academician

In 2016, the full members of the Russian Academy of Sciences accepted into their ranks the physiologist Lev Girshevich Magazanik. Get an honorary title at this age - a kind of record, at least among the living academicians.

Lev Girshevich was born in Odessa in 1931. In the field of his scientific research - the work of ion channels, the impact of neurotoxins on various types and types of receptors. Among his inventions are unique tools, thanks to which it became possible to study the organization of molecules in membranes.

Magazanik conducted joint research with foreign scientists around the world - in France, Switzerland, Britain, Germany. The result of his work was the creation of new drugs that help to establish interaction between neurons in healthy and sick people

Physicians among academicians

In 12 departments and sections today are selected academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Medicine is one of the key places on this list. Most of all female academics are here. Адамян. One of them is an obstetrician-gynecologist Leila Vladimirovna Adamyan.

She was born in Tbilisi. Educated in Moscow. From 1989 to the present day he heads the department of operative gynecology at the corresponding research institute. In 2004 he was awarded the title of academician.

Leyla Adamyan is famous for his excellent knowledge of all types of gynecological operations known today. The objects of her research is the use of X-rays in reproductive medicine. He works a lot on the treatment of pregnant women and children.

Thanks to her, modern surgical technologies are being used today, which allowed to reduce the severity and consequences of adhesions arising after gynecological operations at least twice.

Mathematicians-academicians

Another area of knowledge, which is traditionally preferred by academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, whose list is then replenished, is mathematics.

Фаддеев, ставший членом РАН еще в 1976 году. Nowadays one of the most famous scientists in this field is Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev, who became a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1976. He specializes in the field of mathematical physics.

Most of his works and studies are devoted to solving three-body problems in quantum mechanics. In modern science this problem is known under his name - the Faddeev equation. He also deals with the Schrödinger equation. His pen belongs to two hundred scientific works and monographs.

They can be proud of the fact that among them there is such a scientist, academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Mathematicians devote much time to theoretical work, however, it is often appreciated. In 2008, Ludwig Faddeev received in Hong Kong the Shao Prize, awarded annually to the best scientists of the world. He received the award in the nomination "Mathematics" with another compatriot Vladimir Arnold. Their contribution to the popularization of mathematical physics was evaluated.