Academic plan. Individual curriculum

At school, as in a university, the whole educational process must be confirmed by certain documents. In this article I want to talk about one of them. It's about what the curriculum is.

Definition of concept

First of all, we need to determine the concepts that will be used in this article. The main one is the curriculum. I must say that this is an official document. Its purpose: to determine the number of objects, as well as the hours allocated for their study. Also in the curriculum will be spelled out the arrangement of hours by week, the breakdown of these hours into different types of classes (for universities): lectures, seminars, laboratory work. An important point: the curriculum is drawn up and approved by the Ministry of Education.

Filling

So, it is also worthwhile to consider in more detail what is the curriculum filled with.

1. This document determines the length of time (year, semester) allocated to the study of this subject. Also, vacation days are prescribed.
2. The plan has a complete list of subjects that will be read for students.
3. Each item will have its own breakdown into hours (the total number of hours, hours allocated for lectures, seminars, laboratory work).
4. Official points: the name of the course, the indication of specialty codes, the signatures of officials who certify the document.

Nuances

It is worth remembering that the curriculum is drawn up every five years. It requires changes only if corrections have been made either by the Ministry of Education or by the department itself. Every year, a working curriculum should be drawn up, which will give more detailed information about this or that subject.

Main recommendations

It should be said that all curricula and programs should be drafted in accordance with the principles prescribed by the Ministry of Education. So, when composing them, you need to adhere to the following points:

1. The curriculum should be drawn up according to the following documents: GOS of HPE and PLO (these are educational standards that are official documents).
2. All disciplines of specialties should not exceed the amount that was regulated by the educational standard.
3. All individual student work - laboratory, coursework, graphic works, abstracts, as well as attestation points (exams or tests) - are included in the general hours allocated to the study of a certain subject.
4. Some points the educational institution can change at its discretion. However, federal disciplines always remain unchanged. For example, the number of hours allocated to physical culture - constantly.

Features

Drawing up the curriculum (2014-2015) for universities, it is worth remembering that the number of disciplines that a student must pass during a year should not exceed 10 exams and 12 credits. Also it is necessary to take into account that the department can change some aspects at its own discretion:

1. Adjust the amount of hours devoted to the study of a certain subject (necessarily within 5-10%).
2. Independently to form the cycles of the plan, while leaving a partially intact cycle of normative disciplines (this will include history, philosophy and other compulsory subjects intended for study by all students, regardless of the specialty).
3. Each teacher can make author's programs of readable disciplines, while recommending a certain number of hours for their study (the department necessarily takes into account these recommendations).
4. The division of hours into the study of a particular subject from the cycle of specialized disciplines for a certain department takes place at the discretion of the administration of the department, but necessarily in sufficient quantity for a complete study of the subject.

Individual plan

Another very important document is an individual curriculum. It is made for a certain student, who is trained on a special, individual system. For schoolchildren this is possible by illness, the student (ka) can either work or be on maternity leave.

Principles

It should be said that the individual curriculum must necessarily implement the following principles:

1. It is compiled on the basis of a general education program, which the student must necessarily complete.
2. In the individual curriculum, changes are possible with respect to the curriculum, but within 5-10%.
3. It is possible to make changes to the plan only in the third section (disciplines on the specialty), changes are not possible with regard to normative disciplines.

Both the usual curriculum and the individual curriculum are held together with a set of signatures and necessarily wet seal. Only in this case the curriculum is considered an official document, according to which it is possible to conduct the learning process.

Basic curriculum

It should also be said that the work plan for the academic year should be compiled not only for students in higher education institutions, but also for schoolchildren. So, it is necessary to understand such concept, as a basic curriculum. This document is also developed on the basis of the federal standard. There is an annual distribution of hours for studying all school subjects. Features: it is worth remembering that the federal basic plan for pupils of the junior school (grades 1-4) is compiled for 4 years of study, for students of the 5-11th grades - for five years.

Distribution of components of the federal plan

It should be said that the school curriculum should be distributed according to certain rules. So, the federal component will contain about 75% of all subjects, the regional component - necessarily at least 10%, the component of the educational institution - also not less than 10%.

1. The federal component. Here all the disciplines prescribed by the Ministry of Education are compulsory for students to study.
2. Regional (or national-regional) component. In this section, subjects that are important for a particular region can be studied, but not for schoolchildren throughout the country. Example: the native language of certain nationalities.
3. The component of the educational institution can deepen the study of certain subjects. Example: a school with in-depth study of foreign languages additionally gives several hours to study these subjects.

In the final 11th grade, extra hours will help to stand out for pre-professional training of students.

Structure

Well, at the very end you want to consider the structure of the curriculum a little (ie those items that must necessarily be present there).

1. Title page. However, this is not a separate sheet, as in a course work or an abstract. This is the so-called "anatomy" of the school. Here, the name of the school or university, the department, the specialty (with the codes), etc. should be indicated.
2. Next item: summary data on the time budget (by week). Here the time allocated for training, tests and examinations, vacation time is signed.
3. The plan of the educational process, where the distribution of clocks on subjects is prescribed.
4. Special point: practice (industrial, pre-diploma (for university students)).
5. A separate item is the state certification.
6. A block of signatures that are sealed with a wet seal.

All of these points are mandatory for curriculum development. The structure of the curriculum is not subject to change and can not be adjusted at its own discretion.