ZIS-151 - a Soviet-era truck with three leading bridges

The Soviet truck ZIS-151 (photos are placed on the page) was produced at the Moscow plant named after Stalin from 1948 to 1958.

Development

The first triaxial prototypes were created in 1946. One version of the truck, ZIS-151-1, had single wheels and an all-metal cabin from the ZIS-150 model. The second sample, ZIS-151-2, was equipped with gable rear wheels and was intended for transportation of multi-ton cargoes.

Both cars were to go into large-scale production. Some machines were planned for the national economy, some for the armed forces. Army trucks were equipped with a system of pumping the wheels.

In the summer of 1947, representatives of the command of the Soviet Army adopted ZIS-151 trucks. At the training ground, the senior officials of the commissariat and the generals of the land forces assembled. The American triaxial "Studebaker" and two modifications of the ZIS-151 led to comparative tests.

Some military experts spoke in favor of single wheels, motivating their choice by the fact that the track "track in the footprint" is preferable: fuel consumption is lower, the patency is better. The other members of the commission were of the opinion that a truck with double skates would lift much more cargo, which is important in the field. As a result, it was decided to supply two-track trucks to military units.

ZIS-151: specifications

Weight and overall parameters:

• Length of the car - 6930 mm;
• Height along the cab line - 2310 mm;
• The maximum width is 2320 mm;
• Height at the top of the awning - 2740 mm;
• Ground clearance - 260 mm;
• Base wheel - 3665 + 1120 mm;
• Mass full - 10 080 kg;
• The mass of the equipped automobile is 5880 kg;
• Carrying capacity - 4500 kg;
• The volume of a double fuel tank is 2 x 150 liters.

Power point

The ZIS-151 car was fitted with a ZIS-121 gasoline engine with the following parameters:

• The working volume of cylinders is 5560 cubic centimeters;
• Power close to the maximum - 92 liters. from. At a speed of 2600 rpm;
• Number of cylinders - 6;
• Arrangement - in-line;
• Diameter of the cylinder - 100, 6 mm;
• Stroke of the piston - 113,3 mm;
• Compression - 6 kg / cm;
• Food - carburettor, diffuser;
• Cooling - water;
• Fuel - A-66, low-octane;

Transmission

The ZIS-151 truck is equipped with a five-speed manual gearbox.

Gear Ratios:

• The fifth speed is 0.81;
• The fourth - 1;
• The third - 1,89;
• The second - 3,32;
• The first - 6.24;
• The rear speed is 6.7.

Distributing box of two-stage design:

• The first transfer - 2,44;
• The second - 1,44.

Mass production

The first batch of ZIS-151 went off the assembly line in April-month of 1948. Cars were produced with a combined cabin, assembled from wooden parts and metal sheets. The exterior of the car resembles the contours of the US military truck "Studebaker US6".

The ZIS-151 was the first domestic car with all the leading bridges. After the production reached the planned level, the machine became widely used in army units. The military sent modifications that could be useful in the field:

• ZIS-151A, equipped with a powerful winch;
• ZIS-151B , saddle, all-wheel drive tractor;
• ZIS-153 , experimental semitrailer truck.

Finalization

The first years of operation of military trucks showed that the car needs to be developed. The double wheels could not pass through the mud, the viscous soil was wound on the protectors, and the car stopped. I had to clean the tires with improvised means. Gradually, all the trucks converted, installed single-wheels, and the patency increased.

In addition, it was necessary to refine the engine, the nominal power of 92 horsepower was insufficient. By boring the cylinders and increasing the compression ratio, it was possible to raise the engine power by 12 liters. With., But this was not enough. The thrust of the engine became optimal after changing transmission ratios of the transmission.

Chassis

The ZIS-151 truck has a frame structure assembled from a 10-millimeter channel. Riveted joints provide sufficient strength of the frame and spars on which the engine, transmission and transfer box are fixed .

The two rear axles of the truck are completely identical in size, braking mechanisms and attachments. The rotation from the engine and transmission is transmitted through the cardan shafts to the differentials, then to the semi-axles, which terminate with powerful bearing flanges. Wheels are worn on the semi-axle and screwed with ten nuts of the futurka type.

The brake system is one hundred and fifty-one based on the principle of pneumatic pressure. The compressor pushes air into the receiver, and from there compressed air under pressure in four atmospheres enters the brake cylinders.

Front wheels are mounted on pivot pins with a large margin of safety. Rotary knuckles are driven by pull rods that interact with the worm gear of the steering column. The power steering was not at that time, so the steering wheel on a heavy military truck could only be physically hardy and prepared for a regular military service.