What should a woman have hemoglobin: the norms and possible deviations

What should a woman have hemoglobin in normal concentration? These are the blood cells responsible for the transport of oxygen particles through the body. At its low values, the main systems fail. The quantitative values are affected by many conditions: pregnancy, disease, human race.

Basic concepts

To understand what a hemoglobin should be for a woman, you should familiarize yourself with the definitions of blood particles. A healthy body should contain them within established limits. When the quantity is increased or underestimated, the operation of all systems deviates without exception. By analysis, you can quickly determine the cause of malaise, weakness, headaches, turbidity of consciousness.

Hemoglobin is a protein particle that binds to oxygen molecules. Delivery of the latter is required for all cells of the body. And in return, the result of processing is taken - carbon dioxide. The concentration of blood cells depends on the following factors:

• The age of a person.
• Paul. Hemoglobin is important to monitor in pregnant women and during a person's illness.
• Presence of chronic diseases.
• The territorial affiliation of a person.

What should a woman have hemoglobin in a certain period of life, checked by comparison with previous conditions by blood tests. In addition, hematocrit (red blood cells) is taken into account.

Quantitative assessment

What should be a woman's hemoglobin, learn from a blood test of a certain volume. Counting is in grams per liter or deciliter. As a result of the studies, a norm was established, within which the parameters of a healthy person are:

• In young (up to 40 years) the level is within the range of 12.1-15.1 g / dl.
• Elderly ladies can have indices in the range from 11.7 to 13.8 g / dL.
• Critical to health are values less than 5 g / dl. According to statistics, people with such tests get heart failure.
• Professional athletes have about 16 g / dl.
• Smokers with experience fluctuate within the 15 g / dl mark.
• At values greater than 20 g / dl, the risk of blockage of the capillaries increases. The reason for this - hemoconcentration - occurs when fluid is lost from the body. The condition is described by a decrease in erythrocytes in the plasma.

In women, the level of hemoglobin is constantly fluctuating. At the moment of monthly indicators differ from usual days.

Pregnancy and blood counts

What hemoglobin should be in a pregnant woman is decided by the attending physician. In each case, deviations are permissible, which are explained by the innate properties of the body. However, studies have established a certain average health index of 11-13 g / dl.

The decrease in hemoglobin is due to the increase in blood volume. It becomes more by 50%, and red blood cells grow by only 20%. This condition is observed due to lack of iron in the body. Before the onset of pregnancy the body consumes from 5 to 15 mg of Fe each day, after conception it is already required from 15 to 18 mg per day.

What do low test values mean?

The values decrease during pregnancy, but what should the norm of hemoglobin in women be? The age table is shown below. As can be seen from it, inflated rates in newborns and in old age. The lack of particles occurs during the period of bearing of the child, the risks of complications increase.

Initially, due to lack of oxygen, hypoxia may appear, the primary source of complications is anemia. At this point, a woman can feel:

• Weakness, dizziness, nausea.
• Fainting states are formed.
• The appetite decreases, frequent migraines are excruciated.
• The face pales, the skin flakes.
• There may be a disturbance of the heart rhythm.
• Weakening the body's defenses.
• Mark violations in the central nervous system.

Reasons for understated values

Based on the definition of the norm of hemoglobin in women, they come to the conclusion: there is a lower limit of values, after overcoming which the pathologies of the organism begin to form. So, the factors that increase the likelihood of complications are:

• Progression of chronic diseases.
• Lack of folic acid, vitamins (especially B2, B12, necessary for the production of hemoglobin particles).
• Diseases: hypothyroidism, leukemia, diabetes.
• Complications after a blood transfusion.
• Cases of poisoning by chemicals.
• Fasting, failure of the body after hard work or physical exertion, overheating.

Elevated figures in analyzes

From the table shows what level of hemoglobin should be in women, the values above this bar also speak about the deterioration of health. Such conditions result in long-term presence in areas with low air content: mountains, underground caves or mines, contaminated industrial facilities. A person should notice the circumstances and describe them to the doctor, if any, before the moment of deterioration of well-being. The listed deviations are permissible and pass if the bed rest is observed.

An unpredictable increase in hemoglobin indicates a dangerous process in the body:

• Heart disease: organ malformation.
• Diabetes.
• Stagnant processes in the digestive system.
• Foci of inflammation in the lungs or heart.

At values exceeding 180 g / dl, a strong oxygen starvation occurs until the blood flow stops. The extremities become blue, the ability to think quickly falls, the person becomes distracted. As a result of a shortage of hemoglobin, a person acquires thromboembolism, which requires urgent medical care.

How to fix the situation?

Now, what should be hemoglobin in a healthy person is definitely understandable, it is important to maintain it in the intervals described. The complications are helped by the restoration of the spent iron level. The attending physician will recommend effective medications for pregnant or sick people. The type of medicine is selected individually in each case.

By results of analyzes judge about decrease or increase in hemoglobin. In the intensive care period, periodic measurements of the indices are made. If necessary, the treatment is adjusted. Severe cases are corrected in a hospital:

• Carry out a transfusion of the erythrocyte constituent of the blood.
• The dropper saves from erythremia - viscous blood due to increased hemoglobin. Such a condition is dangerous, because the work of the heart is difficult.
• Urgent measures to reduce the viscosity becomes erythrocytapheresis, bloodletting.

Recommendations

Observance of a healthy and active lifestyle becomes vital. The ratio of vitamins and minerals is restored by consuming only low-fat food, excluding flour and fried foods. The diet is supplemented with fruits, boiled beef. Get rid of stress, spend more time in the fresh air.

Recommended pomegranate, boiled eggs, fish and soups from it, nuts, legumes, meat choose a liver or fibrous part. Exceed the volume is not necessary, the food should be fractional, in small portions, up to 6 times a day. To exclude the formation of erythremia, women before pregnancy are advised to drink folic acid with a dosage of 400 mcg for 3 months before conception.