What is a typhoon? How is the typhoon formed?

The Chinese call this natural phenomenon a "ring of iron winds," while South Americans and Europeans call it a typhoon. The air in this case is not intangible and fluid, because it is already quite solid matter, striking, like a military shell! So, in this article we will find out what a typhoon is and how it is formed.

Eyes of eyewitnesses

Anyone who has inadvertently dived badly into the water, jumping from a great height, knows that even such a liquid matter as water can be so hard that it causes significant pain to the body. Here also the typhoon works by the same principle: the air during this tropical cyclone becomes solid, like a wall.

What is a typhoon? In the chronicles describing the cases of people colliding with these tropical cyclones, there is a story that most accurately characterizes it. One experienced captain of the merchant vessel described this element in the following words: "A typhoon is not a wind, it is a wall. It's made of iron. " It is understandable: the wind blowing at a speed of 200 km / h will be 4 times more powerful than air currents, the speed of which is 100 km / h. Why? All the fault is the energy of the moving mass, which increases in proportion to the square of its velocity.

Many people know firsthand what a typhoon is. Eyewitnesses with horror describe the situation prevailing inside this cyclone. According to them, around the air becomes completely invisible, and above the ground is a peculiar spit. "It's not bad weather, it's a real national disaster!" - note the surviving eyewitnesses of the riot of the natural elements. According to them, a powerful "iron" wind tears up not only the huge trees, but also the grass.

What is a typhoon? Definition

Translated from Chinese, "typhoon" is a "strong wind", and in translation from Greek - "typhon" (a mystical monster, which represents winds, hurricanes and storms). This element is a kind of tropical cyclone, typical for the north-west of the Pacific Ocean. The greatest decrease in air pressure on the surface is observed in the central part of the typhoon.

Where do they come from, these cyclones?

According to reports of seismologists and meteorologists, the zone of greatest activity of these tropical cyclones, which unfortunately accounts for a third of the total number of certain elements on our planet, lies between the coast of East Asia (in the west), the equator (in the south) and the line of change Dates (in the east). Seismologists have calculated that most of all typhoons are formed precisely from May to November. Nevertheless, in recent years, this natural disaster is chaotic and independent of the season.

Scientists recall that the typhoon season, which occurred in 1991, was particularly devastating. Then several coasts of Japan were rampant. This element from time to time directly affects the borders of our country. For example, to the coast of the Far East, the typhoons is discarded after their main strike was taken by Japan, Korea and the Ryukyu Islands. The Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, Sakhalin and Primorsky Krai are at risk.

Grounds for the occurrence of the elements

So, above, we found out what a typhoon is (the definition for children is a big swirl of wind), now let's figure out how it is born. The reason for the emergence of this tropical cyclone is quite strong sea waves. Oils in the fire adds a concomitant fallout of a large amount of precipitation. It is this time characterized by a change of monsoon in the eastern and southern seas of Asia (from Arabia to Japan).

It is worth noting that any winds come to Earth from the Cosmos, in particular, because of the increased activity of the Sun. While some of them benefit people (coolness, moisture), others sow catastrophic destruction (storms, tornadoes, tornadoes, hurricanes). According to the majority of meteorologists, favorable conditions for the typhoons to originate on the tropical front occur during the heating of the surface of sea water to a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius.

How does the tropical cyclone originate?

What is a typhoon in terms of its origin? This, of course, is gradually developing hurricane. Yes, you heard right, it was a hurricane! When the water surface is heated, intensive evaporation of moisture takes place, which, in turn, absorbs heat energy. At this time, warm air contacts the upper cooled air masses, reigning in the atmosphere. All this provokes the emergence of clouds, turning into rain. Precipitation, in turn, is forced to give a large amount of heat energy to the surrounding atmosphere.

All of the above-mentioned atmospheric phenomena lead to a strong pull upward and sucking all the new masses of moist air from the water surface. If the above cycle is repeated, then its intensity increases many times, which leads to a kind of giant air pump. This is the powerful mechanism of the hurricane. The two elements join together: wind and water. At this time they acquire a terrible and destructive force.

Typhoon - this nedouragan?

Scientists do not quite understand what a typhoon is. For children it is characterized as a strong vortex-like wind / hurricane. But for scientists to determine the line between these two cyclones is currently not possible. Why? The fact is that meteorologists still do not understand the conditions under which hurricanes arise in the Pacific Ocean, and indeed the Pacific cyclone is commonly called a typhoon.

As a rule, this element sweeps by land with a narrow strip and has a truly destructive power. The tropical cyclone takes dozens and hundreds of human lives, not to mention the huge material losses. Typhoons are jokingly called nedouragans. Of course, they have something in common: in the first, as well as in the second, the masses of air move around the center, which, in turn, serves as the center with the least atmospheric pressure.

Trajectory and speed

What is a typhoon (photos are presented in the article) from the point of view of the trajectory of its movement? As we have already noted above, this is a chaotic cyclone. Note that its trajectory has never been and will not be straightforward. The speed at it too is changeable. Sometimes a typhoon moves swiftly, and sometimes passes just a few miles per hour. Sometimes this nedouragan simply stops halfway. Scientists say: this is due to the fact that the cyclone does not reach high altitudes in the atmosphere.

In the sea...

What is a typhoon in the sea? Navigators call the center of this most powerful tropical cyclone an "eye". Why? The closer to its center, the stronger its wind. This provokes a powerful wave of sea water. Waves spread in all directions, changing them more and more often. Quite often in the center of the cyclone, the wind can suddenly subside, and the clouds can dissipate, but the sea does not subside. Rarely, which vessels can cross the "eye of a typhoon" without damage. Usually sailors try to avoid its central part.