What are the questions answered by the Communion and the gerundive?

Linguists do not have a definite opinion on whether to consider the verbal participle and participle as independent parts of speech, or they are just special forms of the verb. Either way, they are both closely related to the verb in terms of morphological features and in meaning. The meaning determines which questions are answered by the sacrament, as well as the gospel.

Participle

This part of speech has not only verbal characteristics, but also signs of the adjective. Linguists give different definitions of the sacrament. Professor AM Peshkovsky calls it a mixed part of the speech, V. V. Vinogradov refers to the participle as a hybrid verb-adjective form that combines the specificity of the verb with the features of the adjective. Communion, as well as the adjective, indicates the sign of the subject, but not a simple one, but a sign of action, and this brings it to the verb.

What questions does the sacrament answer?

Since this is a matter of the subject (though by action), the participle is characterized by questions: which (-th, -th, -ye)? The Holy Communion answers questions: what is it? What are they?

Now let's see what kind of morphological features the sacrament inherited from the verb, and which ones - from the adjective. Let us find out which questions the participle in different grammatical forms answers.

Verbal Signs of the Sacrament

Like the verb, the participle has a form, recompense, time, a short and full form in the passive voice.

Communion can be perfect and imperfect: chopped hut / felled branch.

The participles are irrevocable and recurrent: bearing truth / rushing at full speed.

Communions are used only two times - the present and the past: a child playing / playing the violin.

Real participles and passions

Depending on whether the object itself performs an action or whether it takes on the action of another object or person, the participles are divided into two categories: real and passive.

The actual participle answers questions: which (-th, -th, -ie)? The meaning of it is to express the sign of an object that independently performs the action. (Example: Students who plant larch, take care of a tree.)

In real participles in the present tense the following suffixes are written: -ac- (-yas-), -us- (-yush-) . In the past tense, these participles are written with the suffixes -w-, -w- . (Examples: carrying, reading, breathing, dependent, reading, carrying.)

The suffering participles respond to the same questions as the real ones, and signify the sign of the object that has been subjected to someone else's action. (Example: Larch planted by children has become well established.)

This is how suffixes are written. Participles: -nn-, -enne-, -om- (-em-), -im-, -t- . (Examples: bearable, readable, dependent, read, embedded, washed.)

In the passive voice there is a full and a short communion. What questions does it answer? This: what? What is it? What is it? And what are they? (Examples: the tree is planted by schoolchildren, the juice is drunk yesterday, the shirt is embroidered on the collar, the vegetables are grown on the garden plot.)

Attributes of the adjective of the sacrament

Like the adjective, the participle can change in numbers, genera, and in its full form - by case. Here it is not difficult to determine which questions are answered by the sacrament used in the concrete case. Examples:

• Nominative case: a person (what?) Thinking, notebooks (what?) Written.
• Genitive: a man (what?) Thinking, notepads (what?) Written.
• Dative case: to the person (to what?) To the thinker, notepads (what?) Written.
• Accusative: the person (what?) Thinking, notebooks (what?) Written.
• The instrumental: a man (what?) Thinking, notebooks (what?) Written.
• The prepositional case: about a person (what?) Thinking, about notebooks (what?) Written.

Punctuation peculiarities of participial turnover

Communion, in which there is a dependent word, is a participial turn. It is separated by commas, if it is after the word that defines. (Example: An oak tree growing alone in the plain was a kind of beacon for me.)

A participial turnover does not require commas if it is located before the word being defined. (Example: A lone oak growing on a plain was a sort of beacon for me.)

The syntactic characteristic of the sacrament

This part of speech often appears in the sentence as a definition. "Family links" with the verb make the participle able to be part of a compound predicate in the sentence, however, it is available only to short forms of the sacrament. A participial turn, which is an indivisible construction and in the sentence all wholly a member of the proposal, can in general be any minor member.

Deerpriests

This part of speech can be figuratively explained as an active participle (de + communion). His questions are more like questions to verbs than to adjectives, like the sacrament. The task of gerunds is to designate an additional action with an existing basic, which is expressed by the verb. We can say that the verbal adorns the verb: "She walked, looking at the autumn trees." In this part of the speech, the characteristics of the verb and adverb adjoin. With a verb, the gerund is related to the fact that it happens to be recurrent, has a perfect and imperfect species. The similarity with the dialect is embodied in its unchangeability.

Questions that ask to gerund

The verbal participles of the perfect kind express the completed additional action, and therefore they mean the question "what did you do?". (Examples: playing on the piano, uttering a toast, tearing off a branch.) They are usually formed from the base of the infinitive of the perfect species, to which suffixal morphemes are added -in, -sh, -shi . Sometimes verbal participles owls. Species are formed from the basis of the future verbs, then the suffix -a, (-i) is used .

The verbal participles of the imperfect type express an additional action that still lasts, it is not finished. The question is also relevant: what is doing ?. (Examples: playing the piano, uttering a toast, tearing off a branch.) This category of gerunds is created by adding the verbs of the present tense and the imperfect type of the suffix -a (-i) to the stem. And the suffix -uchi helps to create the gerundive of the nes. Of the verb "to be": being.

The peculiarity of the punctuation of the gerund is that it is always allocated with commas in the sentence. An exception can be called only those gerunds that have passed into adverbs, they in this case are located after the verb and imply the question: how ?. (Example: People looked in silence.)

Participial turnover

The gerundive plus the dependent word is a gerundive turn. On a letter, he, like a single gerund, is always marked with commas. An exception are the gynecological turns that have become phraseological units. (Example: Work rolled up sleeves.)

The syntactic role of gerunds is always the same - a circumstance.

We found out which questions are answered by participles and gerunds, and also saw the features of which parts of speech these special forms of the verb bear in themselves.