What are the pains with ectopic pregnancy, how to recognize?

Unfortunately, 10-15% of women face such an unpleasant diagnosis as an ectopic pregnancy. The name speaks for itself. In the description we will consider many questions: what is it, the symptoms, the reasons, how the ectopic pregnancy hurts and many other things.

Ectopic pregnancy - attachment of the fetal egg not to the walls of the uterus. The fertilized egg may remain in the ovary, attach to the cervix, or enter the abdominal cavity. The most common cases include the attachment of the fetal egg to the wall of the uterine tube. Pregnancy is characterized by atypical localization, which threatens the health of women and requires emergency surgical intervention.

Description

In normal pregnancy, the egg is attached to the bottom or body of the uterus. The difference between an atypical pregnancy is that the egg is not in the uterus. It has a different localization: in the fallopian tubes, ovary, abdominal cavity. Such a pregnancy can not develop, it is life-threatening and is a medical indication for its interruption. It is noted that pains with ectopic pregnancy in the early stages are very strong.

The woman herself can not suspect pathology. After all, it is clinically no different from a normal pregnancy. Many ask questions: "Does the breast hurt with ectopic pregnancy? Is there a toxicosis? Is there sleepiness? ".

Oh sure! Here everything is the same: there is a delay in menstruation, the mammary glands are enlarged, milky ways are delineated, there may be dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, drooling. An alarming complication of such pregnancy may be bleeding and loss of consciousness, while a woman needs to immediately seek medical attention.

Causes

The cause of this pathology is an obstacle in the path of a fertilized egg from the ovary to the uterus. This obstacle is associated with a decrease in patency of the fallopian tubes (inflammation after abortion, endometriosis, miscarriage, use of the intrauterine device as a contraceptive), abnormalities of their development, as well as ovaries or uterus, oncological changes in internal genital organs, hormonal disorders or heavy births, after which In the tissues spikes are formed.

In addition, women of the older age group (after 35 years) may also be included in the risk group, because by this age the woman has a sufficiently "rich" set of both general and gynecological diseases and disorders, changes in hormonal status, and often the presence of abortions in stories.

How to recognize?

When an ectopic pregnancy hurts the chest, the test strips will show a positive result. Pathology is difficult to suspect. However, the level of hCG will constantly fluctuate and deviate from the normal, corresponding to a certain period.

Such an interesting condition, as a rule, is accompanied by unilateral unpleasant pains in the lower abdomen. An unpleasant condition can increase with a change in the position of the trunk. Pain in ectopic pregnancy may be similar to menstrual or cramping.

But the only reliable method for determining the location of future fetal attachment is ultrasound diagnosis by transvaginal access.

With timely diagnosis and treatment methods , an ectopic pregnancy does not deal a significant blow to the body. And with a well-qualified follow-up therapy, a woman can resume attempts to become a mother only 3-6 months after the termination of such a pregnancy.

Stopping the fetal egg in the fallopian tube is dangerous because its tissues are not sufficiently elastic and can not stretch simultaneously with the embryo that grows in size. There is a rupture of the tube, blood along with the tissues and the fetal egg enters the abdominal cavity, which can lead to peritonitis. In addition, the rupture of any organ will be accompanied by acute pain in ectopic pregnancy and heavy bleeding. This jeopardizes the life of a woman and requires immediate hospitalization in the intensive care unit under the constant supervision of doctors.

Ectopic pregnancy is usually removed by laparotomy. Through a small incision on the abdomen, the surgeon gets access to the fetal egg. In this case, all instruments have sensors, and any manipulation of a specialist is displayed on the monitor. Depending on the term of pregnancy, the doctor can remove only the fetal egg, the egg with a part of the damaged tissue or the uterine tube completely. Therefore, the earlier a woman turns to a doctor, the less damage to her health will be inflicted. Pain after ectopic pregnancy will remain in the memory of a woman for a long time.

However, the treatment does not end there. It is necessary to undergo a course of restorative therapy, as well as to eliminate possible causes of recurrence of ectopic pregnancy. It is necessary to treat infections, inflammatory processes, restore hormonal imbalance.

With timely diagnosis and interruption, as well as competent follow-up treatment and rehabilitation, a woman will be able to forget the pain of ectopic pregnancy in the early stages. She will be able to recover and give birth to a healthy baby.

Risk factors

There are cases in which a fetal egg is attached outside the uterus due to some disruption of the tube channel. This is a complication and is called ectopic pregnancy. Unfortunately, such a fruit does not have a chance to survive. This phenomenon is very dangerous for a woman's health, as it is fraught with bleeding and when ignored can cost lives.

Under normal conditions, the fertilized fetal egg descends into the uterus and is attached to its wall. But with ectopic pregnancy, everything happens the other way around, it moves in the direction from it and is attached either in the tube, or in the ovary, or in general in the abdominal cavity. The absence of an enabling environment for the development of the future baby provokes the fetal growth into the organ to which it attached. As a result, internal bleeding occurs.

Share such a pregnancy on the ovarian, tubal or abdominal. It all depends on the place of attachment of the embryo. Of course, such situations are extremely rare and occur in 1-2 cases out of 100.

There are some risk factors:

• If there was an operation in the abdominal region;
• Failure in the hormonal background;
• Due to diseases of female reproductive organs;
• Benign or malignant tumor of the reproductive organs.

It begins in the same way as usual, and the first weeks are similar. Suspicious symptoms begin to occur from 3 to 9 weeks. What are the pains with ectopic pregnancy? These include such symptoms.

• Pain syndrome with aching, stitching pain in ectopic pregnancy. It occurs in the lower abdomen, in the embryo attachment area. When emptying, pain may be present.
• There is a bleeding of the vessels of the organ where the fetal egg is located, and there may also be uterine blood discharges. Basically remind menstruation, but not so plentiful.

Degrees

Physicians divide it into several degrees. The first is when the embryo digs into the walls of the tube during its growth and tears it. The second degree is divided into two types.

The first is when an ectopic pregnancy, where the pain is usually strong, is interrupted on its own, and the egg leaves the abdominal area. It is accompanied by bloody discharge and pain. The uterus is enlarged, but does not coincide with the term. This pregnancy, as a rule, is accompanied by unilateral pain in the lower abdomen. Discomfort can increase with a change in body position. Pain in ectopic pregnancy resemble contractions or menstrual cramps. There are spotting or spotting.

The second is the rupture of the uterine tube. Happens for a period of 7-10 weeks. In this case, it is important to immediately seek help! This threatens life.

A woman must undergo a course of rehabilitation, which is aimed at restoring the childbearing function after such an unsuccessful pregnancy. On average, the rehabilitation course lasts six months, after which a woman can be engaged in planning a child.

What causes this pregnancy?

The fertilized egg does not reach the uterus, resulting in its incorrect location and pathological development. Egg maturation can occur in the fallopian tube, ovary or abdominal cavity. The reason is:

• Abortion.
• Underdevelopment or incorrect development of the reproductive system.
• Lack or excess of hormones.
• Blockage of the fallopian tubes or disturbance of their innervation.
• Diseases of the endocrine system.
• Contraception.

Symptomatics

At the outset, ectopic pregnancy is difficult to distinguish from normal. The woman has identical signs: increased appetite - she can eat day and night, toxicosis - nausea may occur immediately or a little later, weakness, drowsiness, swelling of the mammary glands, absence of menstruation. Only after 3-6 weeks begin to show symptoms indicating that a woman has a pregnancy pathology.

• Pain in ectopic pregnancy. A terrible state when everything is aching and there is no strength to endure it all. What are the pains with ectopic pregnancy? Cramping in the abdomen. Usually they are aching and cramping. Urination becomes painful, sometimes with an admixture of blood.
• Bleeding. Bleeding during ectopic pregnancy occurs in the abdominal cavity. Also, the occurrence of uterine bleeding is not excluded. The reason for this is a sharp decrease in the level of progesterone. It is the hormone progesterone in women that stimulates the growth of the uterus. He blocks the uterine contractions, and during pregnancy stops the menstrual cycle.
• Shock condition. A pregnant woman has a drop in blood pressure. The drop in blood pressure is also associated with a decrease in the level of the hormone progesterone. The skin of an unhealthy color, begins profuse bleeding, and as a result - loss of consciousness. There are also pains in the lower abdomen with ectopic pregnancy.

How to conduct diagnostics?

A positive pregnancy test and the appearance of at least one of the familiar symptoms should make a woman go to the doctor. Research procedures will be assigned for the diagnosis.

More effective ultrasound done in a transvaginal way. The doctor will determine the concentration of chronic human gonadotropin. If the level of hCG 1500, but in diagnostic examinations the fetal egg is not detected, then the diagnosis is made - pregnancy outside the uterus.

Treatment

The only way to solve the problem is surgical intervention. Laparoscopy is common. During the operation, a fetal egg is removed, anchored outside the uterus. In case of difficulties, plastic surgery is used. The plastic surgery will restore the integrity of the uterine tube. Fallopian tubes are significant for pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy, diagnosed at an early stage, is treated with chemotherapy. Gradual resorption of the fetal egg is methotrexate. It is dangerous to remove the fallopian tube. This increases the likelihood of infertility, or repeated ectopic pregnancy.

What is the danger of ectopic pregnancy?

As stated above, a fertilized egg enters the fallopian tube and begins to develop there. The problem is that the tube is not suitable for fetal growth, since its wall does not have sufficient elasticity and extensibility, and also has a relatively small diameter.

Accordingly, after reaching a certain point (4-6th week of pregnancy), chorionic villi grow into the wall of the tube, after which its rupture occurs and there is an outflow of blood into the abdominal cavity (hemoperitoneum with possible further development of peritonitis). Clinically, this is manifested by a sharp "dagger" pain in the lower abdomen, pallor, dizziness, cold sticky sweat, loss of consciousness. When a large vessel ruptures, bleeding can be life-threatening, which requires immediate assistance.

In some cases, the wall of the fetal egg is ruptured, after which it is expelled into the abdominal cavity. The clinical picture corresponds to that of a tube rupture, but may be less pronounced or develop longer in time.

Conclusion

After some time, the symptoms of pain of the ectopic pregnancy subsided, and the woman thinks that everything is fine, but this is a false well-being. After all, the blood continues to flow into the abdominal cavity. That's why you can not leave such a state without due attention. A woman should be urgently hospitalized and operated. It should also be noted that the probability of getting pregnant naturally after such a pathology is reduced, and the risk of a repeat scenario is increasing.