Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich: biography and photos

Tishkov Valery Aleksandrovich - a famous Russian historian, a scientist who deals with social anthropology. He has the title of professor and doctor of historical sciences. Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Since 1989, he is head of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences named after Miklukho-Maklai, and also runs the social anthropology center of the Russian State Humanitarian University.

Biography of the scientist

Tishkov Valery Aleksandrovich was born in the Great Patriotic War on November 6, 1941. He was born in the small Urals town of Nizhny Sergi, located in the Sverdlovsk region. The town is small, but very beautiful and picturesque. Local even call it "Ural Switzerland".

The younger brother of Valery - Leonid, was an artist. Father Alexander Ivanovich and mother Raisa Alexandrovna Tyagunova were taught at the school. So since childhood in the house there were many books, parents paid great attention to the upbringing and education of children. Her mother taught in elementary school, and my father taught physical education and geography at once. From the first days my father left to serve at the front. Not really participating in any battle, he was captured and until 1945 stayed in the camp.

Schooling

At school, Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich studied well. As he himself admits, he could not keep pace so as not to disgrace his parents. Favorite subjects were history and literature. A great role in his life was played by the class teacher Nina Malinina, she persuaded him to enter the Moscow State University, which it was difficult to imagine for the inhabitants of this small town where they wanted to study at the Polytechnic Institute or at the best at Ural University in Sverdlovsk.

Graduated from the school in 1959 with honors. At first I was going to enter the philological faculty, but after learning that there was too much competition, at the last moment I chose the history. Parents were at first against this adventurous trip, but the mother still supported her son, and Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich went to Moscow. The family allocated 50 rubles for the return ticket.

Initiative and independence - the qualities that Tishkov showed then, remained with him for life. True, such a decision was not easy. The next ten years I had to wander to hostels. First, student, then graduate.

At this time, his younger brother gave up his medical education and devoted himself to painting. About relatives Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich did not forget. Interesting facts, he talks about postcards that sent to the Urals. His grandmother suddenly began to paint in his old age. He regularly sent her postcards from the capital, but she repainted them and asked for more.

Studying at the University

In those days at the initiative of Khrushchev, the preferences of the medalists were abolished. 80 places in universities were intended for those who had at least two years of experience in any job. The remaining seats were distributed among all the others. As a result of so-called interns enrolled with triples, and ordinary students had to score 19 points out of 20.

Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich received a four in English, but brilliantly passed a five-story and entered. He decided to specialize at the Department of History of the CPSU.

Even in his student years the freedom-loving character of Tishkov appeared. At the American trainee, he read the book "Stalin: Political Biography" and began to talk at the seminar about the camps and repressions that the official authorities had not yet recognized. Only the intercession of his older comrades saved him from being expelled, although he had to transfer to the Department of American History.

Going to Magadan

After graduating from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University in 1964, Tishkov Valery Aleksandrovich in distribution fell into the Magadan Pedagogical Institute. A year later he became the youngest dean of the faculty in the history of the university. He was only 24 years old.

In Magadan, he worked until 1972 with little interruptions to enroll in graduate school and defend his Ph.D. thesis. Work defended the history of Canada. Return to Magadan was largely due to the fact that there was no one else to give lectures on modern history and students missed them for three years.

Just before the departure, an important event occurred, after which Tishkov Valery Aleksandrovich could not help but change. Personal life of the scientist began to improve, he married Larisa Nikishova, who worked in the Tretyakov Gallery as an art critic. The spouse soon moved to her husband in the Far North, where she began to read courses on the history of Russian art. In 1971 they had a son Vasily.

Tishkovs received a two-room apartment, but the desire to do research work all overpowered. Two years later they returned to Moscow. Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich, whose biography already had several deep studies, dreamed of dealing with the ethnic history of the American Indians. In particular, those who lived in the territory of modern Canada. He begins to work at the Institute of General History of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

First publications

In the years 1977-78. Produces the first works of Tishkov Valery Alexandrovich. The books were called "Maple Leaf Country: The Beginning of History" and "Liberation Movement in Colonial Canada". They came out in the publishing house "Science".

By and large, it was an extended Ph.D. thesis. Colleagues, having familiarized themselves with the works, advised on their basis to defend the doctoral. That was done already in 1979.

Work at the Institute of Ethnology

Since 1989 Tishkov headed the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology named after Miklukho-Maklai. He is one of the research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In the field of the institute's interests, various directions are human evolution and the origin of cultures, ethnic and social cultures, nationalism, religious and gender studies, physical anthropology.

Scientific interests

Tishkov's main works are devoted to the social anthropology of the North American countries, in particular the peculiarities of their interethnic relations.

He received the title of candidate of historical sciences by defending a thesis on the "Historical background of the Canadian revolution of 1837". The doctoral dissertation was defended on liberation movements in the Canadian colonies.

Work at the head of the institute

Institute of Ethnology Tishkov headed in a difficult time for the country. Perestroika, glasnost, do not pay much attention to science. At this time, he decides to create an association of ethnographers and anthropologists.

Its first congress took place in Ryazan in 1995. At the first congress, only 80 scientists arrived, in 12 years they already had more than 700, from all corners of the globe.

For 7 months Tishkov was Minister for Nationalities Affairs. But when I left this service, I was just happy, because the work did not bring pleasure, I did not like it. But it was realized that few people in the political arena are concerned with how to manage a multi-ethnic and multiethnic country in the modern conditions of democracy and liberalization.

The first serious conflicts on national soil have already occurred, Russia was seriously threatened with separatism, Tishkov said at the time. Then he decided to focus on early warning of conflicts. As a result, in 1994 a network of ethnological monitoring was established. By the way, this term is not yet available in foreign science.

The project was entirely led by Russian scientists, its results were used by the authorities and the expert community.