The vacuum amplifier of brakes

The brake servo and brake master cylinder are structurally integrated into one unit. The scheme of action and the device of the first does not represent anything super complicated.

The brake booster has a body divided into two parts by a diaphragm. On the pedal side, the atmospheric part forms. The vacuum chamber is located on the side of the main brake cylinder, which is connected by means of a check valve to the intake manifold. The collector is a source of vacuum. The vacuum amplifier of brakes on diesel engines works stably due to the presence in the design of a special electric pump. When the motor is stopped, disconnection occurs. The brake servo and the collector can be disconnected in the event of a failure (or failure) of the first one.

In its initial position, the follower valve connects the atmospheric chamber to the second part of the body. When you press the brake pedal - with the atmosphere.

The pusher is also connected to the brake pedal. It provides movement of the follower valve. The diaphragm dividing the body into two parts is connected to the rod of the master cylinder (GTZ) on the side of the vacuum part. The diaphragm is responsible for injecting the brake fluid through the piston to the working cylinders.

The diaphragm is moved to its original position by means of a return spring. The vacuum brake booster can include in its design an emergency braking system - an electromagnetic drive on the rod.

ESP assumes the presence of a structure that prevents overturning - the active system.

The braking of the car is carried out with some deceleration and solely due to the actions committed by the driver.

The hydraulic brake booster requires tracking action. As the pressure in the air rises in the part below the diaphragm of the control valve, its piston and diaphragm begin to move down until the air valve occupies a seat in the seat. Forces that affect the control diaphragm from below and from above, in this case, align. The piston force, which depends on the action of the brake pedal, acts from below. Above - increased air pressure in the cavity beneath the control valve.

With an increased effort on the pedal in the system, a pressure is created that facilitates the beginning of the movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder and the closing of its valve. At the same time, the vacuum valve closes. Air at the same time opens. Simultaneously, the piston of the control valve is lifted, air enters the cavity from the atmosphere by means of a filter. Then the air is sent to the chamber cavity through the hose. The cavity retains a vacuum. Under the influence of the difference in pressure, the diaphragm bends forward, and its force is transferred by means of a rod to the piston in the hydraulic cylinder. Then the pressure is set in the wheel cylinders. It is just created by the diaphragm of the camera and the driver's foot. Thus, the vehicle brakes with the required efficiency.

In accordance with a certain amount of force on the pedal, the pressure in the vacuum chamber is also formed. Accordingly, the same pressure is created in the fluid of the wheel cylinders. It is formed and due to the actions of the force of the driver and transmitted from the camera.

When the pedal is released, the parts of the amplifier and the GTZ piston return to their original position. The liquid is then returned through the opening inlet valve to the GTZ. By means of a bypass opening in the piston head, a liquid is returned from the reservoir, which pushes the washer out, bends the ends of the cuff, fills the space, thus increasing the readiness of the brake cylinder for repeated braking.