The best antibiotics after surgery: a review of drugs, features of the reception, feedback

After any surgery, there is a high probability of purulent complications. This is due to the infection of the wound, as well as the likelihood of the development of an inflammatory process in it. That is why antibiotics are prescribed after the operation. These chemicals are used to kill pathogenic pathogens. The result of this effect is the elimination of the inflammatory process.

The word "antibiotics" in translation from ancient Greek means "against life." And this name justifies the operation of such means. After all, they are used to suppress the development of living cells.

Antibiotics after surgery are appointed by the attending physician. Only with his knowledge and in the right dosage should such therapy be carried out.

Necessity of reception

Antibiotics after surgery the doctor appoints patients in the form of antibiotic therapy. However, the specialist first studies the clinic of complications, as well as the nature of the inflammatory process.

Do I need antibiotics after the operation? The doctor gives the answer to this question on the basis of the individual characteristics of the organism of each patient. There are a lot of different factors that can affect a particular decision of a specialist. After all, when appointing antibiotics, it is necessary to correctly assess the state of the protective forces of the patient's body, the individual intolerance of certain groups of chemicals, etc.

Reception of antibiotics after the operation should facilitate the treatment of the patient. An important role is played by prevention of the prevention of various complications caused by surgical intervention.

Why antibiotics?

Unlike other medications, these medications have their effect not at all on cell receptors. Antibiotics adversely affect the microorganisms, which caused the development of the inflammatory process. They destroy those bacteria that are sensitive to them. And it does not matter whether they caused the disease or not.

Action on the body

What happens when a patient takes antibiotics after surgery? Getting into the human body in various ways, they are in the blood.

Further, antibiotics accumulate in organs in certain amounts. Here they produce their effect, regardless of whether they were used intravenously, topically or orally. The main thing is that the patient should take the drug on time and with the correct dosage. Antibiotics are excreted from the body with bile and with urine.

Conditions for selection

What antibiotics are prescribed after the operation? At their choice the doctor considers the following moments:

- the ability of rapid penetration into the blood;
- the possibility of accumulation in the zone of the inflammatory process;
- the presence of a minimum number of side effects;
- the convenience of the dosage form;
- time spent in the blood (not less than eight hours);
- low toxicity;
- location of purulent process;
- rapidity of spread of infection;
- features that are present in pathogenic pathogens;
- the resistance of the agent to certain types of drugs.

What do doctors prefer to prescribe?

What antibiotics should I take after the operation? The list of drugs that are most often used by specialists in such cases include:

1. Cephalosporins. These are antibiotics such as Cefrioxone, Cefotaxin, Cefazolin, and others. These drugs are able to penetrate into the aerobic and anaerobic agents, subject to a change in their protein enzymes. The result of this action is the inhibition of the division of cells of microorganisms.

2. Medications from the group of aminoglycosides. Such a preparation, in particular, is "Amikacin". Its active substances are not able to invade cells of pathogenic bacteria, but they stop mitosis, destroying the synthesis of proteins. As a result, bacteria die.

3. Preparations of the penicillin group. This, in particular, is such a tool as "Amoxiclav". It contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The first of these components significantly reduces the process of formation of cell membranes, and the second (acid) prevents the protection of bacteria from antibacterial elements.

4. Preparations of the carbalenem group. Of these, doctors most often designate such a tool as "Meropenem." It destroys the synthesis of proteins, which suppresses the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, the production of toxins by gram-negative microorganisms also stops. This leads to the appearance of an additional therapeutic effect.

All these drugs belong to the beta-lactam group. If antibiotics are prescribed after the operation, which ones are used first? First of all, doctors prescribe drugs that are in the cephalosporin series. This is due to increased activity of these agents to the main part of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. In addition, the prescribed drug from this group, without any doubt, is the best antibiotic after the operation, since its action is able to kill the infection at the very minimum risk of developing undesirable side effects.

Forms and course of admission

Only with systemic use should be used antibiotics after surgery. What forms of drugs are preferred? They are different. For example, antibiotics-injections after surgery can be prescribed. In this case, apply as ampoule ready-made solutions, and preparations in the form of powders.

These include drugs that are part of a group of carbalenems and cephalosporins. In addition, in the postoperative period, antibiotics can be given in tablets, as well as in suspensions. They are used in those cases when the patient's condition is relatively stable, and the level of inflammation is low.

If antibiotics are prescribed after the operation, how many days should I take the course? The period of taking such drugs is strictly regulated. Its duration should not exceed seven days. Exceptions are only cases of extensive lesions, sepsis, as well as bacteremia. With this development of pathology, it is possible to use several agents simultaneously, with the interaction of which the most effective antibacterial treatment is provided.

Overview of preparations

It is believed that the most rational way of using antibiotics after the operation is injections. Let's consider the basic ways of introduction of the most often used preparations.

1. Cephalosporins. These antibiotics are administered by injection and infusion. The doctor calculates the dose based on the existing clinical picture. With an eight-hour periodicity, antibiotic intake in the amount of 0.25-0.5 grams is prescribed, and with 1-gram intervals with 12-hour intervals. If the patient's condition worsens, the amount of the drug administered decreases.

2. Intravenous or intramuscular injection of such antibiotic as "Amikacin" is made. And his daily amount is determined by the attending physician based on the weight of the patient. One kilogram should be prescribed 10-15 mg of the drug. The total dose of the antibiotic is divided into several doses.

3. Intravenous or injectionally injected and a drug such as "Amoxiclav." Three times he is pricked to children under 12 years old, as well as adult patients. Single dose is 1-2 grams. When the patient is in the age group from three months to twelve years, the amount of the injected substance is calculated by weight. In this case, one kilogram should be administered 30 mg of the drug.

4. Infusion, intravenously or bolus use such a drug as "Meropenem." The necessary dosage is determined by the doctor based on the patient's postoperative state. In cases where inflammation occurs in the skin layer or tissues, urogenital system or in the lungs, the drug is administered three times a day to 0.5 g. In the case of sepsis (bacterial infection), the dosage rises from 1 to 2 grams. Children are prescribed this antibiotic based on their weight, counting on one kilogram of 30-60 mg.

During the period of taking almost any antibiotic, patients may experience various side effects in the form of vomiting and nausea, upset stomach and abdominal pain, as well as dysbiosis. The use of such drugs as "Cefotaxin" and "Cefazolin", often causes the allergic reaction, the appearance of headaches and inflammation in the jabs. In this case, the number of leukocytes and platelets decreases in blood.

Side effects from the antibiotic "Ceftriaxone", in addition to all listed above, include in their list the development of candidiasis, as well as the emergence of inflammatory processes in the renal pelvis.

When using the drug "Amoxiclav," hematuria is added to the list of negative phenomena. And the "Meropegem" can provoke cramps. Antibiotic "Amikacin" in some patients reduces the functionality of the organs of hearing and kidneys.

After dental operations

The appointment of antibiotics dentists do only if after the surgical intervention in the hole an inflammatory process occurs, accompanied by redness, severe swelling and the release of pus. In those cases when a patient with weakened immunity for too long heals a wound, drugs that suppress the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms are prescribed in combination with immunomodulating agents.

The appointment of antibiotics is also performed when the patient does not follow the basic rules of personal hygiene and forgets to rinse his mouth. After surgery, it threatens to get into the wound infection. All this leads to the onset of an inflammatory process.

What antibiotic to drink after the operation to remove the teeth? In these cases, such drugs as "Cefixime", "Ceftriaxone" and "Cefazolin" have proven themselves. When they get into the body, the cell walls of bacteria are destroyed.

The inhibition of microbial enzymes is promoted by such medications as Sparflot, Norfloxacin and Levofloxacin, as well as other antibiotics belonging to the group of fluoroquinolones. For the inhibition of protein synthesis of bacteria, preparations of the tetracycline group ("Doxycycline", "Oletetrin", etc.) are used. However, the most common antibiotics that are used in the treatment of postoperative inflammatory processes in the dental holes are "Amoxicilin", "Amoxiclav" and "Lincomycin".

After removal of appendicitis

What drugs are prescribed by a doctor in the first two days after this surgery? Antibiotics after the operation of appendicitis are necessarily used to prevent the occurrence of infection . Consider the most commonly assigned of them:

1. "Zinatsef". It is an antibiotic of the newest generation. Its action allows eliminating pathogenic microorganisms of a wide variety of species. The drug is injected into the body with the help of injections, either intravenously or intramuscularly.
2. "Dalacin". This drug suppresses the activity of those bacteria that are the causative agents of purulent-inflammatory processes. The antibiotic is applied orally or administered by intravenous or intramuscular routes.
3. Metrogil. The reception of this antibiotic can eliminate the simplest microbes and microorganisms that can live where there is no oxygen. This drug is often used in the treatment of acute appendicitis.
4. "Tihenam". This drug is distinguished by the combination of an antibiotic with an enzyme that prevents the destruction of the antibiotic. This action contributes to the fact that the drug, passing through the kidneys, is not subjected to splitting. It does not break down when exposed to bacterial enzymes. The drug is very effective when exposed to pathogenic microbes belonging to different species, and therefore it is used to treat appendicitis, which takes place in severe form and has an acute stage.
5. "Imilinem". This antibiotic can effectively eliminate most types of pathogenic bacteria. It is resistant to bacterial enzymes that destroy other similar drugs. Assign this antibiotic in those cases when appendicitis passes into a severe form.
6. "Meronem". The effect of this drug is similar to the previous one. However, he is considered a more effective remedy due to the fact that when passing through the kidneys he is less exposed to destruction.

After removal of the intervertebral hernia

Recently, such operations are carried out by an ever smaller number of patients. This is due to the significant success of medicine in conservative treatment of pathology. Also, the use of modern technologies can significantly reduce the postoperative period. There are cases when the patient is able to move on the same day. However, all the successes of medicine do not give rise to a meaningless attitude towards rehabilitation. After all, the main task of this period is to consolidate the results of surgical intervention and prevent the development of complications.

Antibiotic after surgery (hernia) is prescribed to prevent purulent processes. In this case, the doctor prescribes such drugs as "Cefotetan" or "Cefoxytin". The duration of their admission is from 12 to 18 hours after the operation.