Technological processes

Each production consists of consecutive purposeful actions, which are called "technological processes". Any stage of the production process can be called a technological element or operation.

What is the technological process?

The technological process is Part of the process of producing something at a certain stage of changing and improving this product or procurement. The stages of product manufacturing can, in turn, also be subdivided into separate stages of activity. As a rule, single technological processes are characterized by their performance by one employee in a separate workplace. Of such links or steps of the stage-by-stage manufacturing of the product, a complete production production cycle is assembled. Between operations, the part undergoes intermediate transitions, which together with the technological stage are a complete part of the production process. The stage of production is considered separately selected for the feature of the used tools and tools for equipping this technological cycle. They must be unchanged. This can be a change in the size or shape of the workpiece, the connection of several parts, the change in the structure of the starting material, the properties of materials, the movement of the workpiece.

Technological processes, based on GOST 3.1109-82, can be divided into several categories:

1. Typical.
2. Perspective.
3. Route.
4. Operational.
5. Route-operational.
6. Temporary.
7. Standard.
8. Design.
9. Workers.
10. Single.

Development of technological process

Processes are developed at the initial stage of production. For this purpose, drawings of the future product and individual parts are made. This is the design process.

Then a sequence of step-by-step execution of technological operations (route-operation process) is determined. For example, if we need to process the workpiece mechanically, then in order to achieve the most complete rationality, a treatment plan is developed. It indicates the sequence of surface treatment, accuracy, relative positioning of parts and methods. Then the workflow begins. It can be divided into separate technological operations.

For example, in the first stage, individual elements are produced by casting, forging, stamping or rolling. Then they are processed on metal cutting machines. As a result, the output produces parts with a certain shape and dimensions according to the drawings. At the next stage of production, assembling of elements, mechanisms and assemblies takes place. Finally, the whole product is assembled. The next steps will be technological processes On its testing and fitting, then on finishing and painting the product. All step-by-step operations after their completion are subject to control over quality and compliance with technical regulations.

The development of the technological process involves three of its types.

1. A single process involving the production of the same type products.
2. Typical process used in the production of a group of parts with the same technological and design features.
3. The group process used in the manufacture of a product with different design features, but with common technological capabilities.

The design of production processes is done in order to ensure a better manufacturing of the future product. Technological operations should be aimed at increasing labor productivity and product quality, as well as reducing production costs, expanding mechanization and automation of production stages and improving working conditions. The manufacture or repair of the product must be safe for workers.