Protection from power surges 220V for home. Overview and installation of the device to protect against voltage surges

Everyone knows perfectly well that in the house or office there is an electric board through which household appliances receive power. However, most often the equipment in the substations is old, and the wiring in the house may not be new, therefore household electric networks are not designed for the constantly increasing capacity of appliances in the room.

All equipment in your home is designed to work from 220-230V. But in reality, the voltage in the network can "walk" in the range of 140-290V. And every jump, that is, increased or decreased voltage is a danger to your household appliances, which can simply burn. Therefore, voltage regulators for home are almost an indispensable element of any home network. But more often than not people do not think about it, and when there is a jump in tension, the technology just burns out. And under warranty, burned devices do not repair due to voltage surges, as warranty service is only possible if the device was operated in accordance with technical requirements (voltage 220V).

Will they save traffic jams or vending machines?

If you still use plugs in the switchboard, then change them as soon as possible. At a minimum, you need to install machines that can save wiring from surplus current in the network. It is the current. Unfortunately, most automata can not provide for the home protection against power surges of 220V. Please note that the machines are usually written: 25A or 40A. This means that the machine, designed for 25A (and these are most often used in housing flaps), will automatically chop off the network when the amperage reaches 25 Amperes. However, the voltage, say, 380V, he freely misses. He will miss a higher voltage, and only when the current reaches 25A, the machine will cut off the electricity supply. By that time household appliances in the house will already burn.

Protection against 220V power surges for the home

One of the protection options is a special device from jumps in the form of a network filter. This is the cheapest device, which is a fuse, it just burns out at a voltage jump, but at the same time saves both wiring and household appliances in the house. However, in the case of a voltage drop, such a device does not work at voltage spikes at all. Low voltage is also harmful for household appliances.

Therefore, it is appropriate to use voltage stabilizers for the home, which today are the most effective means of protection. These are multi-level instrument protection systems, and they correct the differences over the years.

What are voltage regulators?

These are devices that keep the tension in the house constant and unchanged. In this case, the input voltage (up to the stabilizer) can "jump" from low to high. Disturbances, impulses in the network and differences in home appliances in the house does not feel at all because the stabilizer "filters" all these interferences.

These devices can be used in household and industrial electrical networks with a voltage of 220 and 380V. Thanks to this device, tenants and manufacturing companies can save money on replacing equipment or parts for it that have become unusable due to voltage drop. One emergency jump - and the stabilizer accidentally disconnects the network from an external source, which is unreliable. As soon as the voltage stabilizes, the device again feeds it to the internal network.

Setting protection

If you have at least a little experience with electrical equipment, you can make the installation of protection against voltage surges of 220V for the house yourself. The process is as follows:

1. Open the terminal box to access the mounting screws.
2. Insert the cable through the rubber cuffs of the pads, secure the second cable with screws. Pay attention to the circuit attached to the stabilizer. Wiring must be done according to this scheme.
3. Tighten the screws securely. The contact on the terminal strip must be of good quality. It is very important. If the contact is poor or the area of contact is small, this will not allow the device to be completely removed from the device. So the stabilizer will not work correctly. And in general, from time to time you need to look and tighten the screws of the connection.
4. Connect the wires and folding the box.
5. Include the introductory machine.
6. Switch the switch from the "Network" position to the "On" position.

As you understand, there is nothing difficult to install a voltage regulator. This is an extremely simple process that does not take much time. You do not need any permissions or documents to install it.

Models rating

On the Russian and European markets are sold absolutely different devices. For example, the voltage relay ZUBR and similar things in Europe are generally absent. Manufacturers do not even release a voltage relay, because there they simply do not need. Due to the high quality of the equipment in the substations, you can generally exclude a nightmare, called a "neutral cliff". In Russia and Ukraine, this is possible.

Let's start with a popular model.

Relay ZUBR

This is a rather popular model of Ukrainian production, which is expected in Ukraine is in great demand, but in Russia it can also be found. The manufacturer gives 5 years warranty for this device. Judging by the reviews, the voltage relay ZUBR with index 25D, rated at 25A, copes well with its task and fairly accurately maintains stable voltage in the network. There are models for more loaded networks, but popular household options have an index of 25 and 25T (with better thermal protection). One of the advantages is a low price. In the Russian market, the price varies between 1 300-1 700 rubles.

Module AZM-40A from the company "Resanta"

"Resanta" is a Chinese manufacturer, which became very popular on the Russian market. Its cheap products are in demand, in particular, the module AZM-40A.

Pros:

1. The price is around 500 rubles.
2. Absence of any controls. Due to the absence of any "krutilok" relay can not be configured to work incorrectly. Although this implies some drawbacks.

Minuses:

1. Wide range of voltages. According to the specification, this module operates in the range of 170-265V and does not disconnect electricity supply if the voltage is within these limits. And these boundaries too can adversely affect the technique. And there are no regulators here, so it's impossible to work on the device.
2. Low speed. The device stops supplying voltage for 1-6 seconds. It is difficult to understand why such a strong spread. If the relay does not work for 1 second, then all the equipment in the house will burn.
3. Short delay time before switching on. If the voltage "pusyadet", and the relay will work, it will give a voltage after 2-3 minutes, but this is not enough. Of course, for household appliances this is not important, but not for a refrigerator. For refrigerators, the delay before switching on must be at least 5 minutes.
4. Dimensions. The device is big and awkward, takes up a lot of space, but it's trivia.

It is a cheap budget device that can provide protection against 220V power surges for the home, although it is by far not the most reliable one.

RN-111M from Novatek-Electro

Manufacturer Novatek inspires confidence. This is a serious company that makes good equipment, including voltage relays. Model RN-111M has certain advantages:

1. Very high speed (0.2 s). Compared with the time range of the previous relay (1-6 seconds), the PH-111M switches off the power lightning fast.
2. Wide range for adjusting the lower and upper voltage limits. You can also set the restart time.
3. A digital indicator showing the operating mode and values.

Disadvantage - the load capacity is only 16A, which is very small for an apartment. Therefore, it is recommended to additionally use a contactor and an automatic device to protect the relay. As a result, this will result in additional spending, and the entire construction will cost 2,500 rubles. Also, this company has a model PH 113 with a load capacity of 32A. However, the price there is much higher, and 2,500 rubles can not do. But, given the advantages of such a module, you can overpay a little money. Relay RN 113 from Novatek can safely buy. This is the case if you can not find the model below. We also recommend that you pay attention to Volt Control protection from this company, which also boasts reliability, the ability to adjust voltage ranges and quick response.

The device for voltage monitoring UZM-51M from the company "Meander"

The St. Petersburg company "Meander" makes industrial automation, which today is one of the most effective and reliable.

Pluses:

1. Very wide adjustment range for the lower (160V) and upper values (280V).
2. Very short response time - only 0.02 seconds. None of the items of household appliances will not have time to feel a jump in tension.
3. The load capacity is 63A. This is enough for a huge apartment with the most powerful home appliances.
4. Additional varistor overvoltage protection, which "eats" pulses with an energy of not more than 200 Joules.
5. Small size and no need to buy additional items.
6. Price. The cost in the market of such protection against voltage drops in the area of 2,000 rubles.

If you find this device, you can safely buy it. But they should not be limited. There are other interesting proposals.

Relays Tessla D25 and D25T

Both modules will cost only 1,000 rubles, or maybe even cheaper. They are designed for a current of 25A and a power rating of 5.5 kW. The upper voltage limit is adjustable - from 240 to 270V, the lower limit - from 120 to 190V. The voltage relay Tessla with the prefix T is heat-resistant, so it will cost a little more. Both modules are popular in Ukraine, but in Russia they are also sold.

Continue this list for a very long time. However, these models will be enough. All of them are present on the market and are extremely easy to install.

Uninterruptible power supplies

These devices are accumulators that first accumulate energy, and then give it away if the voltage disappears. A modern UPS can perform protective functions against network overloads and protect the equipment, stabilizing the current.

Most often, these devices are used in offices, but they also have space in their apartments. However, the cheapest UPS is not able to protect the wiring and equipment in the house. In the case of a voltage jump, it will burn, as well as other consumer electronics. However, you can choose a reliable UPS with overload protection and large capacity. As a result, at a voltage jump, household appliances not only will not feel a surge in voltage, but they will not even turn off, because they will receive stable and even power from the UPS.

Which is better: UPS or stabilizer?

Stabilizers are special protective devices, which are used most reliably. Their only purpose is to protect the wiring of the network and household appliances. Batteries have a slightly different purpose - they provide power to household appliances (usually computers or boilers) for a while, which allows, for example, to shut down the computer safely and save the data.

Also, stabilizers are much cheaper, because they do not have expensive batteries of energy that are necessarily in the UPS. Well, and most importantly - cheap UPS does not protect the equipment from increasing voltage, but it works when it goes down. Ideally, you need to use a reliable stabilizer in conjunction with an uninterruptible power supply. The first will disconnect the power supply to the apartment network, and the second will supply all the equipment in the house until the voltage stabilizes. However, to supply all the equipment, a very powerful IPB or a small power model for each household appliance element is needed separately. But most often IPB is used for computers and electric and gas boilers. The latter can be used to provide heating to the house, and their automation does not work in the event of a power failure. Therefore, it is very important to use uninterruptible power supplies for gas boilers in homes where light is often switched off or the voltage jumps. In the latter case, it is necessary to install a stabilizer. And in general, these two devices should ideally work in pairs.

The Board at last

Use only high-quality equipment and do not buy cheap Chinese stabilizers that will not be able to ensure the safety of all your household appliances in the event of voltage surges. Examples of good modules are given in this article.