Population of Tver: dynamics, ethnic composition, employment

Tver is a Russian city on the banks of the Volga, the center of the eponymous region. It is located only 178 kilometers from Moscow. The population of Tver and the region is 1.3 million people. The city is an important industrial, cultural and scientific center, as well as a transport hub.

Population dynamics in Tver

The city originated in the 12th century. The first mention of Tver as a trade and trade settlement on the Volga River dates back to 1164. Initially, the city belonged to Novgorod, and then - to the Vladimir-Suzdal principality. In the 14th and 15th centuries, Tver was a major commercial, artisan and cultural center of North-Eastern Russia. In 1485, she entered the Moscow State. In 1627 in the city lived about one and a half thousand people.

The heyday of the settlement began with the appearance of the Moscow-Petersburg road. In 1787, the population of Tver was already 15,100 people. Over the next hundred years, the number of inhabitants has increased five-fold. By the end of the 19th century, the population of Tver reached 54 thousand people. The city suffered significant losses during the First and Second World Wars. In 1950 the population was 194,3 thousand people. Over the next 23 years, it doubled.

By the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the population of Tver already exceeded 450,000 people. During the period of independence of the Russian Federation this figure has significantly decreased. In 2000, 455 thousand people lived in the city, and in 2003 - only 408,800. In the past five years, there has been a positive trend in the increase in the population of Tver. In 2011 there were 404 thousand people living in the city, in 2016 - 416 people.

Main demographic indicators

The population of the city is dominated by women. The proportion of men in the total number of residents of Tver is 44.3%. About 15% of the population are under the age of able-bodied, 25% are older. Thus, most of the population is economically active.

For the first time the administrative and territorial division of the city was approved in 1936. Changes in it were made in 1965, and then in 1976. Even then, Tver was divided into four districts. The most populated is Zavolozhsky. 144 thousand people live in it. In second place in this indicator is the Moscow region. It is home to 123 thousand people. On the third - Proletarian, on the fourth - Central. Inside Tver, historical districts are also singled out. Many of them were independent settlements before they became part of the city.

A large number of young people want to leave the city to the capital. This weakens the demographic potential of Tver. The situation is aggravated by the fact that the most gifted people leave most often. However, recently the outflow began to be compensated for by migrants, which replenish the population of Tver and the region. Among them, Ukrainians, Tajiks, Azeris, Uzbeks, Armenians and Moldovans prevail. Regularly registered in Tver and migrants from Iran, Syria and India.

Ethnic composition

The All- Russian population census, which was conducted in 2010, showed that the majority of Tver residents consider themselves Russians. About 5 thousand people are Ukrainians. Other ethnic groups are also represented. Among them are Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Byelorussians, Tatars, Karelians, Uzbeks, Tajiks. The share of Chuvashes, Jews, Germans, Mordovians, Georgians, Bashkirs, Kazakhs and others is insignificant. There are Azerbaijani and Armenian dynasties in Tver.

Employment

In Tver, the number of labor force aged 15 to 72 years in 2016 was 689 thousand people. The employment rate among them is 66%. This indicator has decreased by 1% over the past five years. The unemployment rate in Tver is 6%. Most people are engaged in wholesale and retail trade, repair of vehicles. In this sector in 2015, there were 103.5 thousand residents of the city. Quite a lot of people are employed in the manufacturing industry. In this area in 2015, 98.6 thousand people worked. In third place in the number of employed - agriculture and forestry. In this sector, 59 thousand people work.

Approximately the same number of people are employed in such areas as construction, transport and communications, social security, education, health care. The least workforce is engaged in household activities and fishing. Over the past five years, the proportion of workers has increased in such areas as construction, wholesale and retail trade, hotel and restaurant business, real estate transactions. Thus, the global trend is being observed. The number of employed in agriculture and industry is decreasing, and in the service sector - is growing.