Population of the Arkhangelsk Region: population and density

Arkhangelsk Region is a region that is located in the north of the Russian Federation and is the largest in the state. This administrative unit is the largest in Europe. And the population of the Arkhangelsk region is one of the oldest in the country. That is why the history of the settlement is quite interesting and rich in events.

Stone Age

As already mentioned, the population of the Arkhangelsk region began to organize for a very long time. But today it is even difficult to imagine that the first inhabitants in these territories began to appear even when the glaciers just came off the coast.

Modern archaeologists have found places of alleged sites of ancient people. Scientists suggested that the settlements belong to the Paleolithic period. The savages settled in the area of the river Pechery, where the Nenets Autonomous District is now located. Also, rare items of that era are found in the middle reaches of the Northern Dvina. Now it is an area between the villages of Ichkovo and Stupino.

The Middle Stone Age is represented by a parking lot called Yavronga-1. This name it received thanks to the river, near which it was located.

Also the most ancient population of the Arkhangelsk region was located on Solovki. The Solovetsky-21, Solovetsky-4 and Maksalma-6 parking lots are over six thousand years old.

The new-stone age was a breakthrough in comparison with previous eras. Development also affected the then inhabitants of the modern Arkhangelsk region. It was established that in the southern part of the region there were pile settlements of the Modlon type. Among the cultures developing on this territory, one can note Pechora-Dvina and Kargopol.

The era of the birth of civilization is characterized by the appearance of the Saami tribes. They lived on the southern and western coast of the White Sea.

Archaeologists have been found dating from about the same time an iron smelting furnace. He is the oldest in Europe.

Pomeranian lands

Since ancient times, the population of the Arkhangelsk region was called Pomors. These are people who inhabited the northern lands. The location of their settlements near the sea determined the type of activity. The population was mainly engaged in fishing. In addition, Pomors hunted, plowed the land and bred livestock. But still the main thing was the development of the water space. For centuries, secrets have been passed down from generation to generation. Experienced seamen made trips to the Barents Sea. They fished in the harsh conditions of the northern climate. Also, the settlements were distinguished by skilled craftsmen who were engaged in bone carving.

In ancient times, the inhabitants of the Pomeranian lands were Finnish-Ugric tribes. Then, until the tenth century, the Slavs inhabited the territory from Onega and to the White Lake.

Ancient Russia

In the period from the eleventh to the fourteenth centuries, the culture of the region changed. Nomad deer breeders came to the place of severe Pomors with their fishing.

The population of the Arkhangelsk region has grown considerably since the beginning of mass spontaneous migration of people to the northern regions of the country. This process was due to the numerous invasions of the Mongol-Tatars. The number of inhabitants of the Pomor and the Povina lands has increased several fold.

The wave of insurgencies

In the sixteenth century in Arkhangelsk, a decree was issued on the erection of stone buildings. This was due to constant fires, which covered huge areas of wooden buildings.

At the same time, a wave of riots swept across the region. A large number of northerners joined the Old Believer movement. Many peasants performed a self-immolation ceremony. In those years, there were about thirty-seven foci, of which twenty thousand were victims. One of the most famous events was the so-called "Solovetsky sitting". Participants in this action were "Razintsy" and the Pomors themselves.

Port construction

Great influence on the number of inhabitants and the region as a whole was provided by Peter I. Arriving in Arkhangelsk, the future king lived in the city for two months. During this time he studied it along and across, got acquainted with the ship's business. Peter I gave a great impetus to the development of shipbuilding in the north. In the following years, more than half a thousand ships were launched from the shipyard, which he founded. Basically, these were ships of the navy.

The flow of residents from other regions flooded the region. This was due to the fact that in the Arkhangelsk region there was a stable economic growth due to the "tsar's trading". They represented a monopoly trade. More than two hundred ships began to enter the city port. The latter led to the fact that at the beginning of the eighteenth century Arkhangelsk received the status of the center of the province.

However, over time, the attention of Peter I was switched to a new capital. Now St. Petersburg and other Baltic ports took over all the holiday trade.

In the eighteenth century, Arkhangelsk received the status of a military port. Gradually, trade relations are reviving in it. Decree of Catherine II on equal trading rights of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk led to a revival among the urban population.

But the situation radically changed in the middle of the nineteenth century. Together with the shallowing of the Northern Dvina, a decline has come to the region. A small revival came to the northern lands only after the construction of the railway. But still in this area was poorly developed agriculture, so the famine was an eternal companion of local residents.

Twentieth Century

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the entire Arkhangelsk region - the cities, the population - underwent significant changes. During the civil war, the northern territories of Russia were under the control of the Entente and the White Army. The Northern Region was established. Its administrative center was Arkhangelsk.

In 1919, forced labor camps were established in the region.

Two years later the Autonomous Region of Komi emerged. The new region includes the Arkhangelsk and North-Dvinsky provinces.

In another seven years, such provinces of the USSR as the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, and North-Dvinskaya were united. Their totality was the Northern Territory. But its territory was divided into five districts:

• The Archangel;
• Vologda;
• Nenets, administrative center - Telvisochnoe village;
• Nyandoma;
• The Severodvinsk, administrative center is Veliky Ustyug.

In the same year the Nenets National District was founded. It consisted of three districts - Kaninsko-Timan, Bolshezemelsky and Pustozersky.

Education of the Northern Region

Ten years later, the Autonomous Republic of Komi received the status of the Komi ASSR, and the Northern Territory became the Northern Region, which in a year was divided into Arkhangelsk and Vologda. The northern region consisted of twenty-seven districts:

• Bereznikovsky;
• Velsky;
• The Verkhnetoemsky;
• Vilegodsky;
• Emetskoy;
• Kargopolsky;
• Karpogorsky;
• Konoshsky;
• Kotlassky;
• Krasnoborsky;
• Lalsky;
• Lensky;
• Leshukonsky;
• Mezensky;
• Nyandoma;
• Onega;
• Oparinskogo;
• Pinezhsky;
• Plesetskogo;
• Podisinovsky;
• Primorsky;
• A priozernogo;
• Rovdinsky;
• Ustyanskiy;
• Kholmogorsky;
• Cherevkovsky;
• Shenkursky.

During the Great Patriotic War, Arkhangelsk was one of the regions where the Nazis did not enter. But at the same time, many northerners participated in major battles. The Northern Fleet was especially active.

The post-war period

In the postwar years the region began to develop gradually. Industrialization and development of industry have made production in the Arkhangelsk region more mechanized, machine work has finally replaced manual.

Since the sixties, an energy complex has been created in the region, geological exploration has begun, and agriculture has become an industrial basis. The number of residents grew, for example, the population of the Arkhangelsk region in 1964 was more than 1.3 million people. In 1987, the population number was already 1.5 million.

National composition

The population of the Arkhangelsk region in 2016 is distinguished by its multinationality. History has left its imprint on the inhabitants of the northern lands. But even though there are representatives of completely different nationalities, most of the local residents are Russians. The percentage of Russians in the general composition of the population is 96%.

All the other 108 nationalities, whose representatives reside in the Arkhangelsk region, came in at four percent. Among them, the most numerous are Ukrainians. The second position is shared by the Nenets and Byelorussians. Leaders also beat Komi, Tatars and Azerbaijanis.

The census of the Arkhangelsk region's population also showed that representatives of rare, even unique peoples can be found on the territory of the region. These are the Abazins, Veps, Megrels, Gagauz, Izhors, Assyrians, Uighurs and Tabasarans.

In recent years, the number of people reckoning with Pomors has decreased noticeably. Since 2000 to this day, their number has decreased threefold. But this is connected only with self-determination. Most of the inhabitants simply decided to take themselves to Russians.

Population density

The density of the population of the Arkhangelsk region, despite its vast territory, is very low. This is due to unfavorable climatic conditions and, as a result, outflow of people. The inhabitants are extremely unevenly distributed throughout the territory. The greatest concentration of the Arkhangelsk is observed in the southern prizheleznodorozhnoy strip. Less populated are Leshukonsky and Mezensky districts, in which there are 0.3 people per square kilometer. This indicates a low availability of medical care. The average population density of the Arkhangelsk region is 2.1 people per square kilometer.

Demographic situation

The main concentration of people are the cities of the Arkhangelsk region. In terms of population, Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Kotlas and Naryan-Mar are the largest.

However, the same picture is observed throughout the region, characterized by depopulation of the population. The number of deaths prevails over the number of newborns. Although recently the situation has slightly leveled due to the fact that the number of women of childbearing age has increased.

In the migration processes, the mostly able-bodied population is involved. But the number of arrivals is lower than the number of those who leave.

The urban population is two-thirds of the total number of residents of the Arkhangelsk region.

By sex, the ratio is almost fifty to fifty.

The unemployment rate in the Arkhangelsk region is the same as the average for Russia. This is due to the fact that the level of wages, as for such a harsh climatic region, is too low.

The total number of residents of the Arkhangelsk region at the moment is 1 129 908 people.