Pelvic organs of women and men

The pelvic organs are in the anatomical space bounded by the pelvic bones, and include the ureter, bladder, rectum, prostate, seminal vesicle, vagina, uterus and ovary.

Rectum

The pelvic organs of women and men include this part of the colon, which is the ultimate. In it, digestive waste is accumulated and removed from the body. In an adult, the length of the rectum is 15 centimeters, and the diameter is two to eight centimeters. Behind her is the coccyx and the sacrum, in front of the pelvic organs: in the body of a woman - the bladder, the vagina and the uterus; The male has seminal vesicles with ampoules of the vas deferens, prostate and bladder.

In fact, the rectum is not such, it forms two bends in the sagittal plane, the first is the crest (corresponds to the configuration of the sacrum), the second - the perineal (located in front of the coccyx, convex forward). In the frontal plane, the bends of the rectum are unstable.

Bladder

Located behind the pubic symphysis and the front surface also refers to it, separating from it loose fiber, located in the space behind the pubis. When it is filled, the tip of the bladder, in contact with the anterior abdominal wall, protrudes above the symphysis.

In most of the pelvic organs, women and men are slightly different from each other in the location of the pelvis. This feature is well observed in the location of the bladder, in particular, its posterior surface: in women - it contacts the front walls of the vagina and uterus, while the bottom of the bladder in the woman's body comes into contact with the urogenital diaphragm. In men, it belongs to the seminal vesicles and ampullas of the vas deferens, as well as to the rectum, the bottom belongs to the prostate gland. To the bladder (upper part of it) the pelvic organs adjoin: the woman has the uterus, the man has the loops of the small intestine.

Peritoneum, covering the bladder around, except the lower part of it, passes in women also to the uterus, in men - to the rectum. With the navel it is connected by a median umbilical ligament, the lower part of it with a small pelvis with ligaments: in women - pubic-bubble, in men - pubic-prostate.

Pelvic organs of women

Ovary

This female sex gland is a paired organ. Ovaries mature and develop ovules, female sex hormones are formed, which subsequently enter the lymph and blood. Ovary has a pinkish color, ovoid form, somewhat flattened from the front. The surface of the ovary passes into the convex posterior (free) margin. In front of the mesenteric margin, which is attached to the ovarian mesentery, where there is a grooved depression - the ovary gate, through which the ovary enters the nerves and artery, and lymphatic vessels with veins leave.

Near each ovary are rudimentary formations: vesicular attachments with okolovyachnikom, an appendage of the ovary, the duct of the primary kidney and the remains of its tubules.

The ovarian appendix is located among the leaves of the mesentery of the uterine tube, lateral and posterior to the ovary. It consists of the longitudinal duct of the appendage, as well as the convoluted, flowing tubules - transverse grooves (the blind ends are facing the gates of the ovary).

The cervix (an appendage of the appendage) is a small formation, also located in the mesentery of the uterine tube, near the tube end of the ovary. It consists of several blind canals separated from each other.

Uterus

Muscular, unpaired organ of pear-shaped form, somewhat flattened in anteroposterior direction. It is located in the cavity of the small pelvis, in its middle part, in front of the rectum, behind the bladder. The uterus is divided into several parts:

• The bottom of the uterus: part of the uterus convex, protrudes slightly above the line of the fall of the fallopian tubes and passes into her body;
• Body of the uterus: represented by a larger (middle) part of the organ, shaped like a cone. At the bottom it narrows and turns into a rounded part - the cervix. The passage itself is slightly narrowed and is called the isthmus of the uterus;
• Cervix: its lower part extends into the vaginal cavity (the vaginal part of the cervix), and the upper part lies above the vagina - the superimposing part of the cervix, it shows the opening of the uterus (uterus), which leads from the vagina to the cervix (its canal) and has Continuation in her cavity.

Vagina

The hollow unpaired organ extends from the genital slit to the uterus and has a tubular shape somewhat curved from behind (the longitudinal axis of the vagina forms an obtuse angle with the uterine axis, just over 90 degrees). The upper end originates from the cervix, then goes down, where the lower end of it opens with a vaginal opening and passes through the urogenital diaphragm. The vagina has a length of about ten centimeters, the thickness of the walls is about three millimeters.

Since the pelvic organs of women and men are located in a small volume, pathological changes may have some effect on the functions of the neighboring pelvic organs.

Men's pelvic organs

Seminal vesicle

It is a paired organ located at the back and side of the bladder, from the vas deferens laterally, from above the prostate gland. Is a secretory organ. There is an anterior (facing the bladder) and a posterior (adjacent to the rectum) surface. The length of this organ of the pelvis is about five centimeters, with a width of two and a thickness of one centimeter. In the section it looks like interconnected bubbles.

The excretory duct is connected to the vas deferens, where they form the ejaculatory duct. Its length is about two centimeters, the width of the lumen at the beginning is one millimeter, the urethra has 0.3 millimeters.

Prostate

Muscular-glandular unpaired organ. In the process of life emits a secret that is part of the sperm. It is located in the anterior lower part of the small pelvis, on the urogenital diaphragm, under the bladder. Through it passes the initial section of the urethra (is the basis for it), as well as the two ejaculatory ducts.

In the cross section it reaches four centimeters, the longitudinal dimension (uppermost) is equal to three centimeters, the thickness (anteroposterior size) is two centimeters. The substance of its dense consistence is grayish-red in color.