Science covers all spheres of human activity. To separate the socium and the phenomena of nature in detail, separate disciplines were created. Within the framework of the article, pedagogy is of most interest to us. What does this discipline study? What is the object and subject of pedagogy? What tasks does it solve?
general information
So, first, let's look at the definition. Pedagogy is a science that studies the patterns of the transfer of social experience from the older generation to the younger and its assimilation by the latter. It deals with the upbringing, education and education of people. Also for her interest is pedagogical activity. This is the professional activity of specialists who, with the help of various means of influencing students and through interaction with them, solve problems in finding the best approach to learning, upbringing and education.
Subject, object and purpose
The fundamental components of any science. The subject of pedagogy is education, and if you look more broadly, then a conscious and purposeful organized learning process. The essence, regularities, tendencies, principles, perspectives, theory and technology of realization are investigated. Since education is the object of pedagogy, the activity of pupils and teachers plays an important role in this. The object is understood as reality, which is conditioned by the formation and development of an individual human individual under the influence of society and the educator. As an example, we can cite a purposeful learning process that is conducted in the interests of the individual, the society and the state. It should be noted that pedagogy is studying the methods of upbringing, education and education not only for children, but also for adults. Concerning the goal, it can be said that it consists in revealing regularities and developing the most optimal methods of becoming a person. And if we add to this the object and subject of pedagogy, then we get a whole complex of knowledge about the influence of discipline on the formation of the individual.
Functions, tasks and questions
Of course, the above information does not limit pedagogy. It is a very well-developed discipline. It should be noted that in this case everything is connected, and pedagogy plays a big role in the preparation of the future generation. The object and its functions are also interrelated. There are two directions, each of which has three levels. Each of them has its own characteristics. So, the theoretical function is realized on the descriptive, diagnostic and prognostic levels. She is engaged in the preparation of the study material. The technological function has such levels: project, transformative and reflexive. She is engaged in the implementation of developments. Concerning the tasks, we can say that they are the following:
- Find regularities in the field of education, training, education and management systems.
- To study and generalize the practice and experience of pedagogical activity.
- Give forecasts for future development.
- Introduce the results of research into practice.
All this is aimed at giving answers to certain questions:
- Why and for what it is necessary to teach and educate?
- What should be taught and what are the ideals to inculcate?
- How to teach and educate?
Categories
So the basic concepts and terms of pedagogy are called. We will not consider everything, we will focus only on the most important:
- Training. This is the name of a purposeful, organized and controlled process of interaction between the teacher and students. It is aimed at acquiring and assimilating new knowledge, skills, ways of cognitive activity, developing mental abilities and interests.
- Education. This process, which is based on purposeful influence, aims to help the child to accumulate the social experience necessary for life in society and to form a system of values that allows him to live in society.
- Education. This means understanding the system of scientific knowledge, skills and abilities, as well as the final result, which is expressed in the form of formed moral and other moral qualities of the individual. It also achieves the goal of developing creative abilities.
- Formation. This is the name of the process during which the individual becomes a social being. At the same time, a large number of factors influence it: ideological, economic, social, psychological, and so on.
- Development. By this we mean the realization of the human makings that are inherent in him from birth.
- Socialization. This means self-realization and human development. It should be noted that this process takes place throughout the life of the individual.
Pedagogical interaction
This is the creation of intentional contacts, during which the teacher and child communicate. The purpose of such actions is to change behavior, activities and attitudes toward something or someone. Here it is necessary to give an interesting answer. We are reminded that the process of education is the subject of pedagogy. Therefore, many aspects of educational activity are being studied. So, for example, we can say that deviant behavior is the subject of pedagogy. And it will be absolutely true. And it should be borne in mind that not only ordinary people are being studied, but also researchers and educators themselves. So, the thesis that the subject of pedagogy is the psychology of the teacher is also absolutely correct. It should be understood that this discipline is inseparable from other sciences about man. Therefore, there is a constant accumulation of new knowledge, experience, work skills and so on.
What does pedagogy do?
In order to get an answer to this question, one should remember what directions it has. Philosophy is the foundation for this discipline. It is supplemented by the history of education. Then follows the general pedagogy, which deals with theoretical principles, didactics and schooling. She is taught in universities for the general development of man. Then, in the order of complexity, there is age pedagogy. They are engaged in pre-school education, school, vocational and higher educational institutions. Social education is used to solve the problems of upbringing and helping the society. She deals with families, re-educates offenders, prepares for learning and remembering data, and teaches a person how to present themselves. In addition, there is also a special pedagogy. She deals with especially difficult cases, for example, teaching mute or children with developmental problems.
International relations
It should be noted that pedagogy develops together with psychology, physiology, sociology, philosophy, history, geography, literature, cybernetics and medicine. As you can see, this is a real complex of sciences. And all this is aimed at educating a person in whom society is interested. Moreover, it should be noted that they act in close interpenetration, and it is often possible to observe a situation in which the boundaries between sciences are erased, and it is not possible to determine what discipline belongs to.
Application in practice
When can pedagogy be useful? Many will find this surprising, but it is applied not only and not so much in school, vocational schools and universities. Since education is the subject of pedagogy, it is also used in various organizations. As an example, you can consider the enterprise. The owner of the company is interested in ensuring that it works with maximum efficiency, and for this it is necessary to ensure that there are no problems within the team. To do this, he hires a manager with pedagogical talent, who can find an approach to any person and solve the problem before it has time to become much more acute.
Conclusion
So, we found out that the subject of pedagogy is education and other concepts that will form the basis for the individual, who suddenly has a desire to look into the secrets of the human soul. True, it must be remembered that knowledge in itself, without their practical application, Have little value. But it is necessary to have certain limits. For example, many believe that one should not strive to become a skilled manipulator. Learning to defend yourself against them is yes, a useful thing. But it is necessary to act within the framework of the reasonable, and if the power gets over the person - do not abuse it.