Pear Chizhovskaya: variety description, planting and care

If you ask Russian gardeners what kind of fruit trees they prefer, then all without exception they only sound two names: apple and pear. Among a variety of varieties and hybrids, each of us is free to choose what is more to his liking, but there are long known and familiar fruit tastes, from the cultivation of which can not be abandoned. One of such garden plants is the Pear Chizhovskaya, the description of which was compiled in the middle of the last century. The most widespread it has received in the European part of Russia, however some qualities of a plant allow to grow it in the conditions of Siberia and the Far East.

Main characteristics of the variety

Variety of pears Chizhovskaya reviews gardeners refer to one of the easiest to grow and care. The most important quality is the high winter hardiness, which is expressed in the ability to fructify even after a little snow and frosty winter. In addition, the Chizhov pear grows safely and fructifies even in extreme conditions, as it is undemanding to the soil and resistant to most diseases that affect other varieties.

In fruiting Chizhovskaya enters early - after a maximum of 4 years after the vaccination. Fruits on the tree are formed mainly on the ring, so a strong annual pruning is not required. Pear Chizhovskaya, a description of which you'll find below, despite the small size of the crown, is known for its large regular harvests, which reach 50 kg from a single plant. Fruits ripen in late summer - early autumn. The maximum storage time for pears in a room with a temperature close to 0 ° is about 3-4 months.

Appearance of the trunk and branches of the Chizhov pear

Pear Chizhovskaya (the description of the variety confirms this) refers to medium-sized stems, that is, the lower part of its trunk is devoid of branches, while the crown of the tree is dense, medium-leafed. The bark on the trunk and large skeletal branches is dark gray, and on smaller ones - light brown. The direction of growth of the skeletal branches is almost vertical, with a slight inclination. A slightly different look of young shoots, the color of which varies from red-brown to brown. Interstitium on them is average, there is no pubescence. Available lenticules are small, are sparsely and superficially distributed.

Fruit-bearing pear Chizhovskaya (the height of the tree is about 2.5 m) has the shape of a pyramid or cone, while young seedlings are usually more elongated.

Shape of leaves, inflorescences and flowers

The leaves of the plant of this variety are distinguished by a complete absence of pubescence on the upper and lower parts. Leaf blades are serrate, oval, lanceolate on young shoots. Inflorescences of adult fruiting pears of Chizhovskaya variety have the form of a corymb-shaped brush consisting of 5-7 flowers. The buds are light in color, they are white in appearance and have petals on their edges. Flowers of medium size, almost completely self-pollinated, but for better yields it is recommended to grow other varieties in close proximity. So, the pear Lada and Chizhovskaya are considered the best pollinators for each other.

Fruits of Chizhov pear

Fruits at the time of maturation have a yellow-green color with a barely noticeable fuzzy blush. Peel on the pear smooth and smooth, with small subcutaneous points. The fruit size is medium, the shape is typical for pears: obovate or pear-shaped. The flesh is white, with a slightly yellowed flesh. The juiciness of the fruit is at an average level, the granulation of the pulp is weak. The seed chamber of the Chizhov pear is not large, located in the center of the fetus. The number of medium-sized brown seeds does not exceed 10 pieces. Concerning the taste characteristics of the fruit, the reviews are positive.

Landing

Planting seedlings can be carried out in the spring or autumn in the planted pit filled with the nutrient mixture. Grusha Chizhovskaya, the description of which classifies it to winter-hardy plants, prefers spring planting, autumn is possible only in the southern regions of Russia. When spring planting the place should be prepared in autumn. To do this, dig a hole with a side of at least 70 cm, a depth of about 1 m. The top layer of soil taken from it is mixed with 2 buckets of humus and the same amount of coarse-grained calcined sand, add 1 cup of superphosphate and 1/3 cup of potassium sulfate. If the soil in the garden is acidic, you can add 2-3 kg of lime or dolomite flour. After abundant watering the planting pit is covered and left until spring.

To arrange the seedling during planting is necessary in such a way that the roots are evenly spread out in different directions, and the root neck was at the soil level. After the soil is compacted, the plant is planted with 2-3 buckets of water.

Care for pears, diseases and pests

Fruit-bearing tree (pear Chizhovskaya), whose diseases are few, requires as a care annual sanitary pruning, in the course of which the damaged and old branches are cut. The young shoots left for fruiting are shortened by a third.

Unlike diseases, pests that can be found in the tree crown, a great many. Therefore, the horticulturist should be prepared for the entire period of active growth and vegetation of the Chizhov pear to carry out repeated treatments. The first is carried out in April at the time of bud budding, by special means. Pay attention to the fact that all plants need to be treated at the same time, so that pests do not roam from tree to tree. So, if a Lada and Chizhovskaya pear are planted nearby, it is necessary to process both varieties. The most effective at the first processing is considered to be drugs "Inta-vir", "Kin-mix" and others.

In summer, the plant needs regular abundant watering without soil wetting, which the pear does not tolerate. In the middle of June, you can plant the siderates around the area of the stock circle, which later should be mowed and left there as mulch. With the correct preparation of the landing pit, the pear does not need spring and autumn fertilization. Only after 5-6 years after the beginning of fruiting can you feed a tree suitable for fruit trees complex fertilizer. Other moments for preparing the pear for wintering consist in whitewashing the stump and warming it with burlap or lapnika, which will also help to avoid damaging the plant with rodents. Protective strapping should be removed in the spring before the onset of sap flow.