Non-evacuated septic tanks: operation principle

Today, non-volatile septic tanks are becoming more popular among consumers. As an option of such a device, you can consider the "Tank", which is characterized by high performance and adaptation to country conditions. The capacity of the Tank-1 model is 1.2 m ³ . Like other designs from this manufacturer, "Tank-1" can be attributed to the category of non-volatile plants for the purification of domestic sewage. The model has high efficiency and low cost. If you still have not decided whether to purchase such equipment, you need to learn more about the principles of its operation.

Principle of operation

Non-volatile septic tanks, as a rule, have the same design. It has the form of a plastic container, the average dimensions of which are 1200 x 1000 x 1700 mm. Inside the tank is divided into 3 sections. The first serves to accumulate impurities and precipitate insoluble precipitation. The heavier elements settle to the bottom, and the clarified liquid flows into the next chamber, where it settles and gets rid of suspended inclusions.

At the next stage, the wastewater enters a container with a floating charge. It has a cylindrical shape, and it is here that the processes of biological purification take place. Loading plays an important role in this - it cleans the liquid of coarse impurities. Depending on the composition of the sewage and the load, water can be obtained at the outlet, the cleaning percentage of which can vary from 50 to 70%.

Ground filtration

Non-volatile septic tanks require the use of soil filtration. In the next stage, the liquid is subjected to this particular process. When installing a septic tank, the aeration zones are arranged, which have a number of drainage pipes. Through them, the liquid enters the sandy-gravel interlayer, and then into the soil.

However, the consumer can do with typical solutions that are designed for a country house. Such designs do not provide for the presence of a filtering field, but they are equipped with infiltrators. Such additions are plastic containers, devoid of the bottom. In appearance they resemble a cube, the volume of which is 400 liters. It performs a limited role: the fluid accumulates on the site where the device is located, and gradually passes through a filter layer of sand, gravel and soil.

The principle of the overflow concrete septic tank

An overflowing septic tank can be made by yourself. The principle of its work almost does not differ from what was described above. If we consider its device, it is two wells, in one of which the liquid will settle from solid fractions and undergo the process of decay. This compartment has a concrete bottom, through which the liquid can not penetrate into the ground. The second compartment has a bottom made of crushed stone. This layer is filtering and absorbing.

The liquid is removed from the coarse and solid elements beforehand in order to assimilate it. The overflowing septic tank provides periodic cleaning of the first well, from there it is necessary to eliminate excess sludge. This can not be done manually - you will need to use a sewer machine. In order to less often resort to the services of the sewage disposal, biological preparations must be added to the first well, which allows to split solid elements.

Features of the overflow concrete septic tank

A concrete septic tank has been described above, but this structure can be made of different materials. Overflow constructions are often made of concrete rings, but do not forget about the background riser, which is located on the roof. It is necessary for intensive ventilation. Such systems are separated from drinking wells and wells by at least 15 m.

For reference

If you decide to use concrete rings, then you know: they are suitable for not too large houses, where a day consumes about 1500 liters of water. The substrate made of crushed stone must be arranged in such a way that the volume of the material used is 3 m ³ or more. It is important to consider the need for waterproofing seams between the rings.

Recommendations of a specialist

Concrete septic tank has its advantages and disadvantages, among the latter one can distinguish the need for high-quality waterproofing. Sometimes it can add excess weight, but the strength will be enhanced and the system immune to corrosion.

Principle of operation of the non-volatile system for cleaning of "Topas" waste water

If you want to buy a non-volatile septic tank without pumping, then you should pay attention to another solution - "Topas". This device purifies domestic sewage with the help of special microorganisms, which are called anaerobic bacteria. Under their influence, organic compounds are disinfected, disintegrated, and at the next stage they are processed into sludge.

Sewage enters the first chamber of the installation, where the first stage of purification takes place. At the same time large fractions are eliminated, with the help of airlift the water enters the aerotank, which is the second sector. It is the main part of the plant, which contains active bacteria. It is here that the pollution that passed the first stage is being destroyed.

The principle of operation of the non-volatile septic tank "Topas" is also that sludge formed during the processing of sewage acts as a binder for particles that are contained in water. Then the liquid enters the third sector, which is called the pyramid. It is there that the sludge settles to the bottom, and finally the purified water enters further. As in the above-described case, the filtering sludge must be removed from time to time.

Conclusion

The process of sludge utilization is fairly simple, it does not provide for the consumer to have special knowledge. What else are good for such non-volatile septic tanks? Judging by the reviews, the sludge processed in the course of their operation can be used even as a fertilizer.