Modern concepts of education and their role in the formation of personality

Education is the purposeful development of man as a unique individuality. It ensures the improvement of its creative and moral forces by building such social practice and creating such conditions that those qualities that the child has in the initial stage developed and improved.

Modern Theories of upbringing are usually a synthesis of natural-science, psychological and philosophical theories. The most famous of them are behaviorism, neo-Thomism, neopositivism and pragmatism. A common feature of these theories can be considered their humanistic orientation, as well as the focus on the upbringing of a self-developing, free personality.

Modern concepts of education - a realistic model, anthropocentric model, free education, as well as others, including: humanistic, technocratic.

In education, the basic concept is a realistic model. The pupil is transferred experience and knowledge, given his age opportunities - that is, in a form in which he can master them immediately.

On the idea of a person as an integral system, an anthropocentric model is based. This system is open, it is constantly changing and updated as a result of what interacts with the outside world. By any norms the process of upbringing is not limited, so it does not complete.

Forms interests and life principles free education. This model pursues the goal of educating a free person who is responsible for his life, the choice of life values and principles.

Modern concepts of education include several main theories - their founders are the famous psychologists and philosophers. This is the psychoanalytic theory of A. Gesell, H. Freud; Cognitive theory J. Piaget, D. Dewey; Behavioral (behaviourist) theory of B. Skinner, D. Locke, D. Watson; Humanistic psychology A. Maslow, C. Rogers.

Despite the fact that their approaches are different, modern concepts of education are built on general patterns: education occurs in close relationship with learning, however, plays a major role; The effectiveness of education depends on the activity of the person being educated and how it is included in the process; Its results are also determined by the connection of all the structural elements that make up this process: goals and methods, as well as forms that are understood by both the teacher and the child.

The basic technologies of education include verbal, visual and practical methods. There are several main areas of modern concepts of personality education: restoring the importance of the state in the upbringing of a new generation; Expansion of the role of the public, educational institutions, social institutions; The restoration of the correspondence between the content of upbringing and the needs of the person who is being educated, states and societies; An increase in the role of educational activity in the formation of new life standards for young people. The modern concepts of education are aimed, first of all, at forming in the child a cultural personality.

Many social institutions still use outdated models of upbringing. This system is trying to improve the state, so that the younger generation has the opportunity to acquire skills and knowledge using the latest technologies in accordance with the requirements of modern society. Important importance for the effectiveness of education is the personality of the teacher, namely: the high level of his general and pedagogical culture, the components of which are general erudition and broad outlook, professional competence, pedagogical skills, organizational and organizational qualities.