Lermontov's works in the school curriculum. Learning Lermontov at school

The creativity of the Russian classic Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov we all know from the school's bench. His works are included in the compulsory curriculum. In any genre Lermontov is genius and inimitable, although he himself considered himself insufficiently perfect to be printed alongside his teacher and idol Pushkin. That is why he begins to publish his works only after the death of Alexander Sergeevich.

Lermontov's works in the school curriculum

Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov was so talented and gifted that in his very short life he managed to leave to his descendants untold cultural riches in the form of poems, poems, novels, short stories, stories, etc. At one time he supplemented the link of the great geniuses of classical Russian literature, whose work is taught in class. Lermontov's works in the school program introduce children to what worried the people of that time, what inspired and killed them. Lermontov's poetry was written in a very original, beautiful and original language. Many still remember by heart the poem "Borodino" and are well acquainted with such famous works as "The Prisoner of the Caucasus", "Hadji Abrek", "Mtsyri", "Demon", "Death of the Poet", "Parus", "Dagger" , "Duma", etc.

"Hero of our time"

For a deeper study of the creativity of M. Yu. Lermontov, one of his unique creations was included in the school curriculum. He is the novel "Hero of Our Time", thanks to which Lermontov was considered a true literary innovator of the 30-40s of the XIX century. The great creator in his works was distinguished by a romantic orientation. His novel was written in prose with an original creative approach to the method of cyclization. He gave us the epoch-making image of Pechorin, a man who was superfluous in his rebellious time.

The work itself does not have a chronological and temporal sequence, but consists of completely separate short stories, travel essays, stories and diary entries. Six chapters could be arranged in a completely different order. But for Lermontov not in this value, but in the fact that in the foreground he has a more accurate disclosure of the personality of the main character Pechorin, his image and his experiences. Three people act as storytellers: an observer is a traveling officer, a friend is Maxim Maksimych and the main character is Grigory Pechorin.

At first the reader superficially analyzes the psychology of Pechorin, then in more detail, and in the end the deepest psychoanalysis takes place. The novel "The Hero of Our Time" was written by Lermontov in 1840, literally a year before the tragic duel. And almost immediately was published in the St. Petersburg publishing house Ilya Glazunov.

"Sail"

In the sixth grade, students begin to study the famous poem "Sail". Lermontov wrote it in the students on the verge of important changes and tests for him, while walking along the shore of the Gulf of Finland in 1832. Then he was only 17 years old. Because of a quarrel with the teaching staff, he was forced to leave Moscow University and forget the career of a philologist. He had to move to St. Petersburg and enter the School of Guards Ensigns and Junkers. And so, in the basis of the poem "Sail" Lermontov put all his worries and thoughts about his uncertain past and yet incomprehensible future.

The poem consists of three stanzas, in which vivid characteristic images, poetic melodiousness, deep feelings of experience and maturity of thought are presented. Sail in this case acts as a lyrical hero, before which the sea landscape changes. And all this precisely reflects his psychological state. The image of the sea is a sign of life's vicissitudes, and the sail is the soul of man. The sail resists the elements, like the man himself, thrown into the sea of everyday problems, which is endlessly lonely among the same people floundering there.

"Daemon"

On the school program, the children are studying another very original work - the poem "Demon." Lermontov, like many Russian writers, is fond of images of evil spirits, and at the same time he uses the folk epic, legends and biblical events. In his poem The Demon Lermontov warns about how naive a person is, how easily he can succumb to temptation and go straight to hell. Lermontov wrote this unusual for his allegory and beauty poem at the age of 15 and worked on it for 10 years. The plot is based on a biblical legend, which talks about how God erupted from the sky of the spirit of Evil, who opposed his authority and himself wanted to become the God of Heaven. And then he attributed to her a Caucasian old legend about how the mountain spirit of Hood, jealous of the girl Nino to her lover, both flooded with a snow avalanche.

And here Lermontov Demon creates like the spirit of Hood, who no longer knew anger and doubt, long ago rejected, he did not seek shelter, he despised the limitations in time and in the space of human existence. And suddenly he is defeated - he is in love with the beautiful Tamara, this love tempted and destroyed her, but only the angel saved and opened to her the gates of paradise, but the Demon was again in complete solitude and eternal torment. Attempt to be reborn through love he did not come out. Lermontov Demon regrets, and this sadness slips in a few lines and thus touches the reader's soul.

"Golden" poetry

Lermontov's school program about autumn could not help but include, because this period is devoted to a whole "golden" cycle. It is precisely the dreary and damp autumn season that excites the gentle romantic soul of the young poet, who gradually turned from a complaisant and humble boy into an irritable and irrepressible youth who has already managed to be disappointed in life and does not see any meaning in it. He admires the extinction of nature and the nature of the completion of a certain cycle in life and now prepares to obediently accept everything that fate prepares for him. Lermontov's school program about autumn could not help but include.

"Autumn"

Lermontov "Autumn" wrote in 1828, when he was only 14 years old. This poem became one of the brightest examples of the poet's love for his native nature. At that time he studied at a boarding house and was preparing to enter the university. Leaving his studies, he came to his grandmother's estate in the suburbs and walked a lot, admiring the local countryside. It was there that he first appreciated the extraordinary beauty, luxury and grandeur of Russian nature. He was visited by a magical muse, he began to create, and turned out magnificent verses. Lermontov's poems about the autumn are staggering with their unusual melodiousness and picturesque descriptions of this sad season that always brings a slight longing for the past tense and about the lost hopes.

"Death of poet"

Learned works of Lermontov in the school curriculum include the famous poem "The Death of a Poet." For Lermontov, Pushkin was an idol, he always admired his work. Therefore, the sudden death of Pushkin was a real shock for Mikhail and caused great indignation and shock. It is under such a strong impression that he writes this poem, where he cites the plots of the high society against the genius poet. The poem "The Death of a Poet" consists of two parts, the first of which describes the entire tragedy that occurred on January 27, 1837. And it's not Dantes that Lermontov declares a murderer, although he does not justify it, but a higher society that laughed at the poet and, at every opportunity, humiliated and insulted him. Lermontov accuses the loved ones of the murdered poet of hypocrisy, of empty praise and pathetic words of justification. Although Lermontov in his lines hints that Pushkin knew his killer in person and the reason for his death, which the fortune-teller predicted in his youth.

In the second part, Lermontov denounces the so-called "golden youth" of the glorified fathers, who now, of course, will avoid punishment. However, he warns of God's judgment, before which, sooner or later, each of them will have to appear. For this bold poem Lermontov sent into exile to the Caucasus. And then he, just like Pushkin, will be killed in a duel.

Conclusion

The poet could not remain unnoticed, no matter how hard his enemies tried to do it. Lermontov's works in the school program, occupy a large section. The poet combined in his work the eternal philosophical questions that always worried humanity, he was a real rebel and went against all manifestations of the world order. Periods he was like his heroes, he also felt, suffered and loved. His temperament was very similar to Pushkin, they both wanted attention and attracted him to themselves as best they could, sometimes with stupid ridicule in the form of epigrams or free behavior on secular balls, as well as whims and grievances. Their delicate soul was vulnerable and poorly protected, so God did not give them much time to live. But not in vain did they live their own century. Now we can only be proud that such great people lived on our land. And now they have become the real property of Russian literature.