Igloo: what is the most construct a snow house

In the middle zone of Russia, in Siberia there is an abundance of forests. No wonder that from time immemorial our ancestors built their houses of wood. The huts of the African tribes, like tiles, are covered with palm leaves. In mountain settlements, dwellings and even fences are built of boulders.

What is the needle made of, the national home of the Eskimos, in the midst of the boundless snow deserts? That's right, from what there is in abundance, that is, from the snow. It is from the frozen blocks of water that a needle is built. Photos of these buildings are amazing with their ideal shapes.

Description of the snow house

The needle is a dome-shaped, ideally a regular spherical shape - a structure made of bricks cut from compressed snow. The shape of the building is not accidental. The ball is a geometric volumetric figure with the smallest ratio of the surface area to the inner volume. And this is important, since with a decrease in the surface area, heat losses decrease.

In addition, an ideal spherical shape gives the structure of such an unstable material, like snow, extraordinary strength. According to travelers, even for a polar bear, the problem is to break the walls of this snow fortress.

The entrance to the house serves as a "waiting room" in the form of a tunnel. This design prevents penetration of cold winds.

Procurement of material

Needle - what is a similar structure in our time and in a modern city? To live, of course, in this house no one offers, but why not play around with the children at the cottage, do not feel like a true conqueror of the north.

To begin with, it is necessary to prepare building materials for the needle. What are the bricks for the home of the Eskimos, what are they? There are three options for their procurement.

The classic version implies the presence of a powerful and sufficiently strong snowball. In this case, snow (if it is, of course, there is) or a regular saw cut out of the brick bricks of a size slightly less than the standard block of gas silicate.

If the snow is wet, it is unlikely to cut it, but it is perfectly molded. You can make standard bricks using a workpiece (a hammered rectangle made from any material) or molding them by hand, providing a standard of measurement by eye.

And finally, if the temperature is below zero, the snow is not sculpted and the whole snow mass is loose, then there is no way to do without form. Snow in the form will have to be laid and tamped, slightly moisturizing. After the block is compacted, the shape is removed and the next one is stuffed in the same way. After a while, the bricks solidify in the frost.

Construction process

The next step will be the marking of the "construction site". It is easy to achieve an even circle by sticking a ski stick into the center of the future structure and circling the circle with any piece of twine. After the contour of the needle is drawn, the first row is laid out from the prepared bricks.

You can just lay out a row for a series, but it will not be a completely natural needle. What does it take to build a building according to all the rules?

In the first row, all blocks of different heights. The first lies entirely, the magnitude of all subsequent smoothly decreases, and when the circle closes, their height descends to zero. Having built the first ring in this way, you can simply take blocks and stack them in a spiral.

When laying, it is necessary to ensure that each subsequent turn slightly fell to the center of the structure, forming a dome. Thus, the whole house is built up with a needle, except for the hole in the center of the dome. It is closed with a special block of round conical shape from inside the structure.

Hole - entrance to the snow cottage - to avoid collapse the walls are made only after climbing through the wall becomes difficult. Ideally, the builder submits blocks to the builder, and the entrance is cut through at the very end.

Finishing work

It is worth remembering that protection is not just from the cold, but from the fierce northern frost - this is the task of the igloo. What is the quality of the input for it, so it is understandable. So, in order to prevent the entry of ice winds into the house, the entrance to it is built in the form of a tunnel, sometimes curved, so as not to let the cold air flow any chance.

What is made of the needle, the same material is made and the input. Two parallel rows of blocks are laid out from the dome and then build up. As in the case with the construction of the dome, each successive series is slightly closer to the center. This continues until the walls in a semicircle overlap.

And finally, after the dome and entrance are ready, all the seams are carefully covered with snow. This finally seals the building.